N?
name ?
[误] She was named of a flower.?
[正] She was named after a flower.?
[析] 以……命名应为name after,又如给某人取名应为The father named his son Tom.?
near ?
[误] We came near to hit him.?
[正] We came near to hitting him.?
[析] 这句话应译为我们几乎要打他一顿。near to这一用法中to为介词,其后要接宾语,所以要接名词或动名词。near作介词时其后可加to也可不加to,如: I sit near the door, I sit near to the fire.?
by near ?
We lived near the city. 与We lived by the city. 两句话都是对的,但其表达的意义有所不同,by在表达距离时比near更近,所以by the city是紧靠近某城市。?
need ?
[误] This room needs to clean.?
[正] This room needs to be cleaned.?
[正] This room needs cleaning.?
[析] 在表达某事需要做什么时,need后面如用不定式要用其被动态,如接动名词则要用主动态。?
[误] We need not to do it.?
[正] We needn't do it.?
[析] need用在否定句、疑问句中一般用作情态动词,所以无人称变化也不加to,而在肯定句中则多用作实意动词,如: We need your help.?
neither ?
[误] None of my parents is a teacher.?
[正] Neither of my parents is a teacher.?
[析] 对两者的否定不能用none只能用neither, none用于三人以上的情况。?
[误] I don't do my homework. Neither he does.?
[正] I don't do my homework. Neither does he.?
[析] 这时应用倒装句。?
[误] Neither you nor I are right.?
[正] Neither you nor I am right.?
[析] neither…nor… 这一句型在应用时其谓语动词应以邻近的主语一致。?
[误] Neither he studies nor plays.?
[正] Neither does he study nor play.?
[析] neither, hardly, seldom等否定词位于句首时,谓语动词采用倒装形式。?
never ?
[误] Never I have broken my word.?
[正] Never have I broken my word.?
[析] never用于句首时起强调作用,要用倒装语序。但用于句中一般放于情态动词、助动词、或be动词后面,如: I shall never forgot the expression on her face. Lost time is never found again. 用于成语中,如: Better late than never. (晚做比不做强。)never mind没关系,如: What did you say?Oh, never mind.?
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