09年中考英语单项突破阅读8

09年中考英语单项突破阅读8

Unit Four

Part One

教学目标:

1.完型填空解题技巧的讲解

2.完型填空题解题技巧

中考英语完形填空技巧

完形填空主要是阅读理解的类型,主要是考查学生对各种语言的综合运用能力。完形填空又不同于阅读理解,主要是根据文章进行判断。完形填空在形式上又近似于单项选择,但是答案上又要求与单项填空有很大的差别,有逻辑,还有上下文的连接,单项填空主要是考查语法为主,根据一个情景判断语法的正确。可是完形填空题型很复杂,涉及的词法、句法、惯用法,还涉及到一些常识。

下面讲讲解题的方法和技巧。

第一,要通读全文,掌握大意,这是非常必要的。有些同学因为很着急,想很快地做完,时间也有限,所以有时候不仔细地读这个题,只是上来看一下词语搭配,就随便选择一个选项,但是殊不知,上下文有连贯的,因此通读全文掌握大意是做好完形填空很关键的第一步。

完形填空常常以文章和段落的形式出现,着眼于对语篇的整体理解,要花一段时间,通读全文,整体上把握文章的脉络,把握作者的思维轨迹,猎取最重要的信息。因为阅读的时间有限,应该以意型和句子快速浏览全文,要特别注意文章的第一句,因为第一句话通常是全文表达的精髓所在,一般都是上来就点题,作者会在文章一开始开宗明义,向读者显示出这段文字的体裁、形式、涉及的内容和意图。 完形填空第一句话通常都是不留空格的完整的句子。

第二,上下要连续,前后要贯通,连词的使用是各行各句之间提供了紧密的因果、转折、并列或者条件的内在逻辑关系,通过发现和识别连词,可以从宏观的角度把握文章的大意,构建全文的内在逻辑结构,领会作者的思路,完形填空通过保留一定数量的词语,使答题的人获得必要的信息和知识。所以,某些提供答题信息的关键词会多次反复地出现,我们把这样的关键词称为信息词,所以要好好把握,挑出信息词。同时凭借自己掌握的语法知识和一般的常识,兼顾人称、性别、单复数、语法和时态等等语法的因素,从语法的结构方面考虑答案。

第三,要仔细推敲,复校全文。填完所有的空格以后,把所有的答案放回短文的空格处,将弥补完整的全文从头至尾读一遍,以确保上下文的顺畅合理。第三遍的检查,有些答案局部看来很合理,有些句子觉得语感搭配很顺口,但是注意从上下文的语言联系来看又充满了矛盾,这时候应该做到局部服从整体,对所选的答案进行及时的修改。填完所有的空格以后,对于短文的含义和结构,已经有了比较清晰的了解,这时候在校对的过程当中,对于一些难以作出最后抉择的这种空格往往比较容易选出正确答案,采取一些排除法。我们想,正确的答案、最佳的答案,应该是这样两个标准,一个是语法正确,有时候语法正确了,逻辑不对,也不是正确答案,语法正确、逻辑合理是属于正确答案,有些看起来四个选项都行,但是语法和逻辑都合理才是标准答案。

第四,要有比较扎实的语言基本功底,要有比较严密的逻辑思维。接近中考了,要进行强化训练,每天至少要做两至三篇的强化训练,要自己计时,因为考试有一定的时间限制,所以现在要计时进行训练,通过一定的强化训练,速度和正确率会有一定的提高,因为还是实践出真知嘛,通过大量的实践才能悟出答题的方法,把学习过的东西温故而知新,毕竟我们生活在非英语国家,英语不是我们的母语,到临近考试,一定要做好这方面的强化训练,多做肯定会有收效的。

完型填空是一项综合性很强的题目。在平常练习中,大多数人都认为完型填空很难应付,其实,即使题目再难,答题也是有章可循的。我们不妨试试下面介绍的三遍法:

首先,完型填空的首句一般都是完整的,其目的是给答题者一个整体思路,我们顺着这个整体思路进行第一遍的跳读,也就是不看选项通读全篇。虽然文章已经被挖的支离破碎,我们仍能大概分析出它所发生的语言环境是school,还是supermarket或是farm。知道了这些以后,思维就会变得具体起来。

接下去进行第二遍的诸题攻破,边看边选。这遍做起来是最费时间的,因为每选一个空,都要考虑到有关的语义搭配、固定句式、词组、时态等各个方面。比如,如果选项是动词,那么,考查的可能是时态,动词过去式、过去分词的规则、不规则变化;如果选项是介词,考查的可能是固定搭配或词组;如果选项是连词,则考的可能是上下文的顺承转接等等。.这就要求答题者有较深的基础知识功底,同时,要能做到上下呼应,左右连接。

在填完所有的空之后,就进入到了第三遍的纠错过程。这一步要求我们把所有的选项一一对应到相应的空中,把它作为一篇完整的阅读文章来通读、复查。许多学生经常会忽略或意识不到这一步的重要,其实,通过最后一遍的通读,可以通过语感分析出选项是否与语境相吻合,是否与原文协调一致,是否符合应有的逻辑关系。这样看来,这一遍绝对是重中之重、不可或缺的。

Passage A

Charlie came from a poor village. His parents had __1__ money to send him to school when he was young. The boy was very sad. Mr. King lived next to him. He found the boy __2__ and had pity on him and lent some money to him. So the boy could go to school. He studied hard and __3__ all his lessons. When he finished middle school, the man introduced him to his friend in the town. And he began to work.

Once Mr. King was seriously hurt in an accident. Dying, he asked Charlie to take care of his daughter, Sharon. The young man __4__ and several years later he married the girl. He loved her very much and tried his best to make her happy. He often bought beautiful clothes and delicious food for her. He was good at cooking and he cooked __5__ for her. So she became very fat and she felt it difficult to walk. And one day she found there was something wrong with her heart. Her husband wasn't at home and she had to go to __6__ at once. The doctors looked her over and told her __7__ eat meat, sugar, chocolate and things like these. She was afraid __8__ the doctor's words and wrote all the names of the food on the paper. When she got home, she put the list on the table and __9__. When she returned home that afternoon, she found many kinds of food: meat, sugar and chocolate in the kitchen. Charlie was busy __10__ there. As soon as he saw her, he said happily, I've bought all the food you like, dear!

1. A. no B. some C. much D. enough

2. A. lazy B. clever C. careful D. hard

3. A. did well in B. was poor at C. was working D. was good for

4. A. was angry B. thought hard C. agreed D. said No.

5. A. a little B. a few C. many D. a lot

6. A. rest B. sleep C. hospital D. work

7. A. should B. would C. to D. not to

8. A. to remember B. to forget C. to catch D. to teach

9. A. slept B. went out C. cooked D. ate

10. A. reading B. seeing C. cooking D. writing

参考答案:ABACDCDBBC

Passage B

Allan was worried. This was his first time to go traveling (1)______. He did not know how to find his seat, (2)_____ he went to the air hostess(空姐) and asked, Could you help me? I can't find my seat. The air hostess showed (3)______ the seat and told him (4)______ and fasten the seat belt. She told Allan not to move about when the plane was going up. And she also said that Allan's ears might feel (5)______ strange, but he didn't need to (6)_______ it because many people felt (7)_______ that. When the plane was flying very high, Allan could stand up and walk round. He could (8)______ read books, newspapers or see films. The air hostess would (9)_____ food and drinks. Allan could enjoy the flight and (10)_______ soon.

( )1. A. by ship B. by air C. by car D. by bus

( )2. A. yet B. or C. but D. so

( )3. A. him B. me C. her D. he

( )4. A. stand up B. sleep C. to sit down D. sit down

( )5. A. a little B. little C. a bit of D. bit

( )6. A. worrying B. be worried C. worry about D. worry

( )7. A. in B. for C. as D. like

( )8. A. neither B. either C. both D. also

( )9. A. hold B. take C. bring D. carry

( )10.A. arrive home B. arrive to home C. get to home D. reach at home

参考答案:BDACACDBCA