【第12讲:句子种类(一)】
我们都知道,根据句子的使用目的,句子可分为陈述句,疑问句,祈使句,感叹句。疑问句是常考的重点,也是要掌握的难点,这里我们先重点讲一下。
疑问句中我们只讲一讲难掌握的反意疑问句和特殊疑问句。
反意疑问句: 在陈述句之后附上一个简短问句,对陈述句所叙述的事实提出相反的疑问,这种疑问句叫做反意疑问句. 如前面陈述句部分是肯定式,后面问句部分一般用是否定式;如前一部分是否定式,后一部分一般用肯定式.前后两部分在人称,数及时态上通常保持一致. 如:You are a student,arent you?(你是学生,对吗?)
在祈使句后面用反意疑问句,要注意人称的变化。如:Go to the cinema,will you?
在省略的感叹句后面,要注意主语的单复数。如:What fine weather,isnt it?
陈述句部分的主语如是I,疑问部分要用 arent I。如: Im as tall as your sister,arent I?
陈述部分用never,hardly,few,nothing,nobody,few,seldom,hardly,little 等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。如: He seldom came here,did he?
陈述句部分的谓语是used to时,疑问部分用didnt+主语或usednt +主语。如: He used to go to school at seven, didnt he / usednt he?
陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadnt you。如: Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you?
陈述部分有Youd like to +v.疑问部分用wouldnt+主语。如:Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you?
主语是everyone,someone,anyone,no one等不定代词时,多用they 指代。如:Everyone is here,arent they? (所有的人都来了吗 )
主语是everything,something,anthing,nothing时,用it 指代。省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will you。如: Dont do that again, will you? 注意 Lets 开头的祈使句,后用shall we Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you
陈述部分是there be结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。如: There is something wrong with your watch, isnt there?
特殊疑问句: 注意疑问词 how many how much , how often , how old, how long, what, what time, what day , what colour, which , when , who, whose等疑问词的用法。
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