状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当,来修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词等。状语从句都由从属连词引导,与主句连接,放在句末时,一般不在前面加逗号。
状语从句根据它表示的意思可分为时间,原因,条件,比较,结果,目的等类。下面我们拣重点的一个一个来分析。
时间状语从句:是由when, as, while, after, before, since, until, as soon as 等从属连词引导的状语从句。时间状语从句中的谓语动词不能用一般将来时,只能用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。 如:I will call you as soon as I arrive there.
原因状语从句: because, since, as和for都表示原因。常常令我们不知该用哪个好。我们来比较一下。because语势最强,回答why提出的问题,用来说明人所不知的原因。当能够很明显的看出原因或人们已知原因,就用as或since。如:I dont like that coat,because the color looks terrible. 由because引导的从句如果放在句末,且前面有逗号,则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因,而是多种情况加以推断,就只能用for。如:He is not here, because / for his mother is ill.
目的状语从句:表示目的状语的从句可以由in order that, so that,等词引导。如:You must raise your voice so that/in order that everybody can hear you clearly.
结果状语从句:结果状语从句常由so...that 或 such...that引导,要掌握和区分这两个句型,首先要了解so和such后面分别跟什么词。such是形容词,修饰名词或名词词组,so是副词, 只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用,形成固定搭配。如:The box is so heavy that I cant carry it.
让步状语从句:是由though, although 引导的状语从句。though, although 和 but不能同时使用。
Although it rained, they had a good time.
练习:
1. She will find him a kind man when she _________him.
A. knows B. know C. will know D. is going to know
2. Well go out for a walk as soon as it ________.
A. stops raining B. raining C. stop to rain D. rain
3. The film was _____ interesting _____ everyone wanted to see it again.
A. too, to B. so, that C. not ,until D. very, that
4. We dont understand the passage ______ there is few words in it.
A. and B. if C. though D. because
5. You are sure to pass the exam _______ you study hard.
A. if B. though C. that D. when
6. If you _____ free tomorrow, we wont go for a picnic.
A. arent B. wont be C. werent D. dont
7. What was Jim doing _______ the teacher came in?
A. while B. and C. when D. but
8. You must stop ______ the policeman say: stop!
A. that B. if C. then D. until
9. --The boy failed to pass the English examination.
--______ he didnt work hard.
A. If B. Because C. When D. So
10. Ill go for a walk with you if it ______ tomorrow?
A. wont rain B. doesnt rain C. will rain D. rain
实践:
1. I get up ______ half past six every day.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
2. I heard Robin ________ an English song last night.
A. sang B. to sing C. sing D. sung
3. Is there _______ in todays newspaper?
A. important something B. something important
C. important anything D. anything important
4. _____ fine weather it is!
A. What a B. What an C. How D. What
5. Where are your bikes?
________ is under tree, and _______ beside the wall.
A. Mine, her B. Me, his C. Mine, his D. His, her
6. ______ students listened to the report.
A. Four hundred B. Four hundred of
C. Four hundreds of D. Four hundreds
7. Football was once a ______ game, but now more and more girls enjoy playing it.
A. boys B. boys C. boyss D. girls
8. Dont move, _______ I will kill you!
A. and B. or C. so D. but
9. There is _________ ink in my pen. Will you please give me _______ drops?
A. a few, a little B. few , little C. little, a few D. little, a little
10.They could hardly believe it, _______?
A. couldnt they B. could they C. cant they D. can they
11.May I smoke here ? No, you _______.
A. cant B. neednt C. mustnt D. may not
12.His father ________ for six years.
A. has died B. has been dead C. has dead D. has been death
13.There is ________ umbrella in the room. _______ umbrella is in the corner.
A. the, the B. a, The C. an, The D. an, A
14.It was ______ the Christmas Eve that I first saw him.
A. at B. in C. on D. by
15.She has an pencil in one hand, a pen in ________.
A. others B. another C. the other D. the others
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