1. beside
[误]The students stood besides the teacher.
[正]The students stood beside the teacher.
[误]I study English beside Chinese.
[正]I study English besides Chinese.
[析]beside意为在旁边,而besides是除以外(还如何)。
beside, by near
beside意为在旁,如:There is a tall tree beside the river. by多指倚、靠、沿着之意,如:She is standing by the window. near多用来表示两地间距离不远,如:There is a post office near our school.
2. better
[误]You had better to do it at home.
[正]You had better do it at home.
[误]You hadnt better wake me up at six.
[正]You had better not wake me up at six.
[析]had better在肯定句中为应该作某事,其后加不带to的不定式,而在否定句中应用had better + not + 动词原形。在简答语中had常省略为d,如:Youd better not. 又如:Lets go first. No, wed better not.
3. between
[误]Among the two trees there is a space of the feet.
[正]Between the two trees there is a space of the feet.
[析]两者之间多用between,三者或三者以上之间则用among.
[误]You must choose between this club or that club.
[正]You must choose between this club and that club.
[析]在两个之间作出选择要用between ... and ...,而不能用between ... or ...
4. big
[误]There was a big rain last night.
[正]There was a heavy rain last night.
[析]大雨在英语中只能用a heavy rain而不要用a big rain.
5. bit
[误]He is a bit fool.
[正]He is a bit of a fool.
[析]a bit可以作程度副词,与a little相同,但它用于名词前应用a bit of, 而用于形容词前则应用a bit,如:Im a bit tired, 而其简答的否定句应为Not a bit,(一点儿也不。)又如:
--- Do you mind if I open the door??
--- Not a bit.
6. black
[误]The children became black after swimming in the sea.
[正]The children became sunburned after swimming in the sea.
[析]因太阳照晒而皮肤变黑,不应用black而应用sunburned, sun colour或dark.
7. hair
[误]The girl has black eyes and black hair.
[正]The girl has dark eyes and black hair.
[析]英语中black eyes的意思是被打得发青的眼睛。
[误]The Europeans like red tea.
[正]The Europeans like black tea.
[析]红茶在英文中应为black tea. 这种惯用法还有:black and blue(鼻青脸肿,青一块紫一块);black and white(黑白电视片)。go black意为在失去知觉时眼前一片黑暗;look black意为情况不妙,前景暗淡。如:After the fight he was black and blue. On TV, I like colour for something and black and white for others.
8. body
[误]Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your body.
[正]Going to bed earlier and getting up earlier is good for your health.
[析]中文常讲对你身体有利,而英文中则讲对你健康有利。
9. borrow
[误]May I lend some books from the library?
[正]May I borrow some books from the library?
[误]How long can I borrow it?
[正]How long can I keep it?
[析]英语中有三个词都可译为借,但意义各不相同如:借入是borrow,其常用句型结构是borrow something from somebody,这是个瞬间性动词,不可与表示延续的时间状语连用。例如:The students want to borrow some books from the library. 借出用lend,即借给别人东西。其常用句型是lend somebody something, 或lend something to somebody.例如:Could you lend us your dictionary?或Could you lend your dictionary to us? 它也是瞬间性动词,也不能与延续的时间状语连用。keep则是延续性动词,可以和表示长时间段的时间状语连用,也可与how long等疑问词连用,如:You can keep it for three days.
10. born (bear的过去分词)
[误]I born in Shanghai.
[正]I was born in Shanghai.
[误]He was born from Greek parents.
[正]He was born of Greek parents.
[析]出身于样的家庭不要作from而要用of,例如:He was born of a poor family.
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