一、知识点总结
连词是一种连接词与词,短语与短语以及句与句的虚词,它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接作用。连词主要可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。
1.并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句,并列连词连接的双方是对等的。
常有的并列连词有and, bothand(两者都), neithernor(既不也不), not onlybut also(不但而且), as well as等。但如果连接的两部分意义不趋向一致,意义有转折的并列连词有:but(但是), however(然而), while (而),only (只不过)。还有表示选择关系的并列连词,如:or, eitheror(或者或者), 再有的是连接双方,互为因果,或表示前因后果的连词有:for(因为), so(所以), therefore (因此)等。
例句: She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar.
2.从属连词,在初中范围内常常考查引导状语从句、宾语从句的从属连词。其中有时间状语从句,常用的连接词有:when, while, as, since, before, after, once, as soon as, until, till连接条件状语的连词有:if, unless, as long as等,而原因状语的连接词有because, since, as, now that (既然)。目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等状语从句的连接词有:so that, sothat, suchthat, asas, than, where 它们在句子与文章中几乎无处不见。用来连接宾语从句,如:that, if, whether。例句如下:
Tom will call me as soon as he gets to Shanghai.
The meeting didnt start until everyone was there.
I want to know if she is going to see a film.
二、常见考法
对于连词,主要以单项选择或完形填空的形式从意义和功能(重点是意义)角度考查学生灵活运用连词的能力。在题中,要分清上下句之间的逻辑关系是转折还是并列,或是选择,在从属连词中,会给出我们一个语境,让我们判断该用哪个连词。
典型例题1: Betty didnt go to see the film yesterday ___ she was ill.
A. because B. but C. until D. If
解析:本题通过语境考查从属连词的用法。只要明白语境,分清选项中四个连词的用法,就能选出正确答案。她生病了是Betty昨天没有去看电影的原因,显然,应用表示因果关系的 because 。
答案:A
典型例题2:Nancy looked around, didnt see anybody.
A and B so C but D because
解析:这是2007年南通的中考题,本题考查并列连词的用法。题干的意思是向 四周看,但是她没有看到任何人。四个选项中but是但是的意思。
答案: C
三、误区提醒
1、neithernor(既不也不), not onlybut also(不但而且), eitheror(或者或者)连接主语,谓语动词要采用就近原则。例如:Neither you nor he is to blame.(注意:谓语动词采用就近原则,与nor后的词保持一致。)
2、because和 so,but 和though不能同时用。在汉语中它们是一组关联词,经常在一起出现,但在英语中,只能用其中一个。例如:Because he got up late,so he didnt catch the bus.这句话就错了,我们要么去掉Because,要么去掉so。
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