中考英语语法学习专辑---名词篇

　　(一)名词的分类

　　名词分为普通名词和专有名词，其中普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词要注意单复数。

　　(二)名词的数

　　1、可数名词与不可数名词

　　A、不可数名词，中学阶段常见的不可数名词有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可数或不可数). 不可数名词应注意以下几点：

　　1)前无冠，后无复;作主语为三单.

　　2)表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of

　　eg. There is ____ bread on the table. [ ]

　　A. a B. one C. a piece of D. many

　　There is some_______ on the plate. [ ]

　　A. apple B. fish C. milks D. deer

　　2、可数名词的复数

　　A、规则变化

　　1)

　　2)

　　3)

　　4)

　　B、不规则变化：

　　manmenm, womanwomen，policemanpolicemen, footfeet， toothteeth, childchildren，mousemice，OxOxen, mousemice

　　注意：

　　① potatopotatoes ; tomatotomatoes

　　② 单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese

　　③ 由man , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数 (man doctor men doctors)

　　④ reefreefs

　　⑤ 某国人的复数：口诀是

　　eg. GermanGermans

　　⑥有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，但词义有所不同。

　　eg:

　　cloth布,a cloth桌布、抹布;

　　sand沙sands沙滩;

　　tea茶a tea一杯茶;

　　orange橘汁an orange橘子;

　　glass玻璃a glass玻璃杯，glasses眼镜;

　　paper纸a paper试卷、论文;

　　wood木头a wood小森林;

　　room空间、余地a room房间

　　fruit fruits ;food foods ;fish fishes ;drink a drink ;

　　3、名词所有格：名词s (意思是 的)

　　A.有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加s

　　注意：

　　1)表两者共有则在后者加s

　　Lucy and Lilys father 露西和莉莉的父亲

　　Lucys and Lilys fathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲.

　　2)以s结尾的词只加

　　eg. 1) the boys books 2) James father

　　3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导

　　eg. the leg of the desk

　　4)双重所有格：a friend of my fathers

　　a friend of mine ( ) a friend of my( )

　　口诀：

　　练 习

　　一、写出下列词的复数

　　1.book______ 2.bus ______ 3.orange _______

　　4.baby______ 5.boy______ 6.my ________

　　7.his_______ 8.knife______ 9.watch________

　　10.sheep ______ 11. tooth _____ 12. leaf ____

　　13.German__________ 14.Chinese_________

　　二、选择正确的答案

　　( )1.Are those ______?

　　---No, they arent. Theyre _____.

　　A. sheep ; cows B. sheep ; cow

　　C. sheeps ; cow D. sheeps ; cows

　　( )2.Mum, Im quite thirsty. Please give me ____.

　　A. two orange B. two bottles of orange

　　C. two bottles orange D. two bottles of oranges

　　( )3.I have got ___ news from my friend. Do you want to know?

　　A. a very good B. any

　　C. a piece of D. two pieces

　　( )4.___ room is on the 5th floor.

　　A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lilys

　　C. Lucys and Lily D. Lucys and Lilys

　　( )5.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a ____ to his office.

　　A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minutes walk

　　C. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk

　　( )6.This is James Allan Green. We can call him ____.

　　A. Mr. Green B. Mr. Allan

　　C. Mr. James D. James Green

　　( )7.Jack and Tom are ____.

　　A. good friends B. good friend

　　C. a good friend D. good a friend

　　( )8.Its only about ten ____ walk to the nearest post office.

　　A. minutes B. minutes C. minutes D. minute

　　( )9.He often has ____ for breakfast.

　　A. two breads B. two piece of breads

　　C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads

　　( )10.Mrs. Green has two ____. Theyre very bright.

　　A. childs B. child C. childrens D. children

　　( )11.What did the headmaster say about Jims ______.

　　A. two months holiday B. two months holiday

　　C. two-month holiday D. two months holidays

　　( )12.I wont go there with you, for I have a lot of ____ to do.

　　A. works B. job C. work D. working

　　( )13.Li Lei is a friend of ___.

　　A. I sister B. my sisters

　　C. me sister D. my sister of

　　( )14.Have you read ____?

　　A. todays B. today paper

　　C. the todays paper D. todays paper

　　( )15.How many ___ are there in the room?

　　A. boxes B. box C. boxs D. boxxes

　　( )16.Many ____ have been built in our city since 1987.

　　A. factorys B. factories

　　C. factoryes D. factorys

　　( )17.There are lots of ___ in the basket on the table .

　　A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss

　　( )18.The cat caught two ___ last night.

　　A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices

　　( )19.Jack went to have two ___ pulled out yesterday afternoon.

　　A. tooths B. tooth C. teeth D. toothes

　　( )20.In our school there are fifty-five ___.

　　A. women teachers B. woman teachers

　　C. women teacher D. womans teacher

　　( )21.The three ___ will be put into prison.

　　A. thiefs B. thief C. thieves D. thiefs

　　练习题答案：

　　15 ABCBD 610 AACCD

　　1115 CCBDA 1621 BCBCAC