There be句型是在中学很受重视的句型。关于这个句型有几点必须破解的地方,需要学习者了解。
1.There be句型与have的区别
首先,从含义上说,There be表达的是某地有某物。
如,There is a tree in front of the house。房子前有一棵树。
而have讲的是某人/某物拥有即指出的是宾语的所有者。
如:I have an interesting book。我有一本有趣的书。
The chair has three legs。这把椅子有三条腿。
其次,从直观上对比不难发现,一般There be句型直接置于句首,而have前面要有主语。这是因为There be句型是一个倒装句型,主语在be动词后。
2.There be句型的就近原则
There be句型的就近原则也是主谓一致语法项目的重点考点。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由后面挨近的一项的单复数决定。
如:There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk。
在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔,但是由于离be动词最近的一项是单数a pen,因此,be动词用单数is。
3.There be句型的否定和疑问
There be句型的疑问句是把题目中具体的be动词形式提前,否定是在be动词后加not。但是一般后面的名词前有a或any,那么此时not any或not a可以转化为no。
如:There isnt a book in the bag.=There is no book in the bag。
关于There be句型的反意疑问句需要特殊说明的是,后面的疑问部分要用使用句型原貌,不能将there改成it或其他代词。
如:There was a meeting yesterday, wasnt there?不能写成wasnt it。
4.There be句型的时态
There be句型的时态根据时间状语和就近原则分别为:
一般现在时There is/are
一般过去时There was/were
一般将来时There is going to be/There will be
还有There used to be;There must/may/can be等形式。其中,一般将来时的形式在初中考试中常出现。
如:There _____ a basketball match tomorrow。
A.is going to have
B.are going to have
C.is going to be
D.are going to be
由于就近原则我们当然选单数,排除B、D,由于题目横线前已表明There,所以选C。
5.There be句型中的动词
There be句型中的动词根据需要,有时可以用lie/stand/live/enter/happen/remain/seem to be等代替be动词。如:
There stands a tree in front of the house。
Long long ago,There lived an old man. He was very poor。
6.There is+no+名词句型
如:There is no need to tell him the news. He has known it。
常用句型有There is no need to do something。做某事没有必要。
There is no sense in doing something。做某事没有意义。
There is no point in doing something。做某事没有意义或没用。
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