书面表达是对学生在初中阶段英语学习的综合考查,涉及篇章结构、句子构成、短语使用和单词拼写等多方面内容,以下就中考书面表达的写作方法和注意事项进行指导:
一、认真审题,确定时态人称,同时关注题材格式时态:故事性文章一般用过去时,其中表达感受时可用现在时。说明性或议论性文章一般用现在时,举例时可用过去时。根据题目要求也会出现时态的交错使用,如过去和现在的对比等。如果句中出现了时间状语,时态则要遵循时间状语。如ago,last过去时next,in将来时等人称:注意在句子中人称的统一。例如:Thanks to the teachers,we have improved our English.其中we和our就是人称的统一。格式:注意书信格式的开头和结尾。
二、找全信息点,紧扣主题,突出重点切忌只看表格中或所列1、2、3中的信息点。一定把题读全,找齐信息点,建议用铅笔标出,写完后再涂掉。根据题目,可适当增加合理内容。特别注意文章要有开头和结尾。
三、成文时表述正确,文字流畅切忌与汉语提示的一一对应,使用所学表达方法将语义表达出来即可。首先考虑句子结构(如主谓宾,主系表等)。同时注意短语的正确使用和单词的拼写,最好使用课本上学过的短语和句式。
四、文章结构清晰,重点句型出彩,可使文章在得分上提高一个档次考虑文章的篇章结构,使用适当的连接短语,使文章结构紧凑。常用连接词:
1.表文章结构顺序:First of all,Firstly/First,Secondly/SecondAnd then,Finally,In the end,At last
2.表并列补充关系的:What is more,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,Inaddition
3.表转折对比关系的:However,On the contrary,but Although+clause(从句),Inspite of+n/doing On onehandOn the other handSome,while others
4.表因果关系的:Because,As So,Thus,Therefore,As a result
5.表换一种方式表达:In other words
6.表进行举例说明:Forexample,句子;For instance,句子;such as+n/doing
7.表陈述事实:In fact
8.表达自己观点:As far as I know,In my opinion
9.表总结:In short,In a word,In conclusion,In summary
10.文中正确使用两三个好的句型,如:宾语从句、状语从句、动名词做主语等。
宾语从句举例:I believe Tianjin will be more beautiful and prosperous.
状语从句举例:If everyone does something for the environment,our hometown will become clean and beautiful.
动名词做主语举例:Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes.Its bad for our eyes to read books in the sun.
常用状语从句句型:1)时间when,notuntil,as soon as 2)目的so that+clause;todo(为了) 3)结果sothat+clause,tootodo(太以至于) 4)条件if,unless(除非),as long as(只要) 5)让步though,although,eventhough,even if no matter what/when/where/who/which/how 6)比较asas,not soas,than
五、认真检查,检查信息点是否全面,时态、人称是否一致,句子结构是否清晰,短语使用、单词拼写是否准确等。检查后,将草稿誊写在纸上,请注意按结构分段,书写清晰。下面列举一些在检查中可发现的错误:
1.We live more and more comfortable。改正:comfortably(副词修饰动词)2.we can get many informations by reading newspapers.改正:much information(不可数名词由much修饰)
3.There has many programs in TV.改正:There are many programs on TV.(There be句型和介词短语)
4.I think ride a bike can keep our health.改正:I think riding a bike can keep us healthy.(动名词作主语)
建议大家练习或模仿不同题材的文章,特别注意改错总结和吸取范文中好的结构与表达方法,适当运用于自己的文章中。
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