“打油诗”趣解雅思写作的常见论点

　　考生们都知道雅思考官在评判一篇大作文时，除了看文章的结构和语言之外，还很重视这篇文章的主体内容。而中国考生在写essay时常见的一个问题恰恰是考前准备了语言，临场读懂了题目，很快形成了观点，但是却不知该从哪些角度来支持自己的thesis statement。所以主体段落观点单调，思维陈旧，内容空洞，为达到字数而把一个观点写了再写等问题常常会充斥在文章的body part。这极大地影响了考生的作文成绩。在此，笔者将多年积累的雅思大作文常见论点总结为一首打油诗，以飨读者。

　　论文观点角度多;

　　科技经济常切磋;

　　肉体灵魂不放过;

　　权利平等要把握;

　　个人国家多权衡;

　　文化道德思路扩;

　　结合话题多思索;

　　主体论证不难说。

　　一、科技和经济

　　在雅思论文主体部分写作中，科技角度是使用频率最高的角度。绝大多数作文的话题都可以从科技发展对人的生活带来的影响这个角度来加以分析。例如：

　　讨论是否将动物用于科学实验：

　　Some scientists claim that experiments carried out on animals would be crucial for potential breakthroughs in treating some of the most-feared incurable diseases.

　　讨论社会道德下滑：

　　Development of science and technology has given birth to materialism and capitalism which favor the research for economic growth and freedom of men. Consequently, no spiritual, moral, and traditional values are taken into account.

　　压力大的原因：

　　The rapid development of science and technology makes work today more demanding than it used to be.

　　亲情淡漠的原因：

　　The availability of a great variety of high-tech recreational facilities also diverts people from enjoying chats with the members of their families.

　　环保全球化的原因：

　　Developing countries lack sufficient numbers of qualified scientists and other skilled personnel to cope with the increasingly serious environmental problems, such as the ozone depletion, the marine pollution and the like.

　　如果说科技的发展是人类社会进步的助推器，那么经济的影响就是社会前进的方向标。经济的强弱通常会导致某一现象的出现或某种结果的产生。比如在讨论什么是最伟大的发明时，考生可能想到电话。那么怎样来支持这一观点呢?试看下面的句子：

　　The development of the telephone created a new market for the employment of women. The position of telephone operators was most often filled by women, creating a new world of opportunities for females to struggle for the equal rights to males.

　　通过说明电话的发明使女性获得了更多的工作机会，从而在经济上更加独立，这对于她们争取平等的权利起到了巨大的推动作用。

　　二、肉体和灵魂

　　雅思大作文常会出一些有关科技发明或娱乐方式的利与弊话题。那么不管是写好处还是坏处，考生应该从该发明或娱乐对人的肉体和灵魂这两方面去组织自己的分支观点。比如电脑对肉体的影响：

　　You dont have to be a scientist to see that, due to overuse of the computer, a lot of kids get little exercise, which makes them obese.

　　Another common disadvantage is that playing too much on the computer can cause bad eyesight.

　　发明或娱乐对肉体的影响主要表现在削弱势力和增加肥胖两个方面，而其对灵魂的影响则涉及一下多个方面。

　　1.高频率的信息切换影响孩子们的耐性。

　　There is not deny in that with the advent of technology, our patience grows thin.

　　2.媒体中的暴力节目扭曲孩子们的灵魂。

　　Media violence affects children by: increasing aggressiveness and anti-social behavior; intensifying their fear of becoming victims; making them less sensitive to violence and to victims of violence; encouraging their appetite for more violence in entertainment and in real life.

　　3.对媒体过多关注使孩子们变得孤僻而脱离现实生活。

　　For lack of face-to-face contact, modern children tend to be more introverted, unsocial, isolated and indifferent than those kids in last century.

　　三、权利和平等

　　西方的文化在一定程度上可以浓缩为：权利、平等和自由。中国考生在人们该不该做什么事情或行为的时候应该多从这个方面去说服考官。

　　如果写到动物的保护问题时，可以说：Animals are not created for humans any more than women are created for men, black for white.

　　在写到政府是否该花钱来发展武器时，可以说：There is no doubt that the advancement of military technologies is one of the greatest dangers to all human rights, including the most basic right to life itself.

　　在写到环境的重要性时，可以说：

　　All human beings have the fundamental right to an environment adequate for their health and well-being.

　　在写到小孩子是否应该对自己犯的罪负责时，可以说：

　　When someone turns 18, he or she should be tried as an adult because they have adult rights. Children, however, do not have the same rights as adults do. Then, if a five-year-old child killing someone has been sentenced the death penalty, the trial that determines whether or not someone should be tried as an adult are absurd.

　　在写到传统的西方道德中对私有财产的尊重时，可以说：

　　Respect for property is no less important than respect for person. Indeed, respect for property is one species of respect for person. Property is the stuff of personal independence. It is, therefore, an economic foundation of freedom. A society in which respect for property diminishes is one in which freedom diminishes.

　　四、个人国家

　　有时候，一个现象或问题的出现是由于个人的努力和汗水或个人的疏忽，以及社会国家重视或政府的政策不恰当而导致的。例如：

　　运动员是否应该拿高薪：

　　Athletes sweat and sacrifice physically and psychologically more than the average people, which can justify their high salary.

　　青少年犯罪的原因：

　　Young peoples inexperience and gullibility easily lead then into traps.

　　The government failing to establish supporting system to offer help to adolescents can explain this social issue.

　　在男女平等的意义上使用个人和国家的分析角度也是很有效的：

　　Every woman is worthy to be respected, educated, and safe from exploitation. It is our responsibility and right to pray, promote, and protect the human and divine rights of all. The worlds stability and prosperity depend on it.

　　The full and equal participation of women in all spheres of life is essential to social and economic development, the abolition of war, and the ultimate establishment of a united world.

　　五、文化和道德

　　文化和道德本来就是雅思大作文中较难的两个话题，而近来这两个话题考的频率又很高。考生不防也从这两个角度来准备一下主体段落的观点。

　　反对强势文化入侵：

　　Globalization might undermine cultural diversity. Multinational corporations promote a certain kind of consumerist culture, in which standard commodities, promoted by global marketing campaigns exploiting basic material desires, create similar lifestyles, which is so-called Coca-Colanization.

　　该不该撒谎：

　　The dishonest practice of telling lies will produce a perverse impact on ones personality.

　　总之，在大作文的主体段落写作过程中，考生可以将以上的思路结合题目的特点综合应用，切忌生搬硬套。平时在读文章时也要多总结别人的观点角度，而后为我所用。这样定能让你逐渐形成西方的思维习惯，在考试中能才思泉涌，下笔有神。