有个学生打电话很委屈地对我说:老师,我的雅思成绩出来了。我不明白,我背了那个多经典的名人名言和事例,为什么我的写作分数还这么低呢?电话这头我哭笑不得。但这也许是许多雅思考生共同的疑问:雅思写作里面,名人名言真的有用吗?还有一个更加深入的问题:我们到底应该用什么做论据?
汉语的写作习惯里面,名人名言作为论据是很强有力的。我们经常说:某人曾经说过:,所以这样的句子。我们还说:俗话说的好,,所以这样的句子。总而言之,在我们的思维里面,俗语、名人名言是易于得到、又能够说明问题的论据。
但是,在英语写作中,特别是学术写作中,名人名言并不是能够得到采信的论据;因为,这言语本身只是一种statement,是一种个人看法,并不具备可以信服的效力。何况,名人名言本身是在特定情况下说的特定的句子,难免有加工或者夸张的成分。这样一来,就更加不可信。
实际上,在学术写作中,名人名言顶多能够用作话题引入,就像一个引子。如此之外没有别的价值。那么,什么样的论据才有价值呢?
雅思写作的一般要求是,从自己的知识或者有关经历中举出例子。有的同学很困惑,我自己的经历,是不是一定要说我曾经做过什么呢?
其实不然。除了自己的经历,我们还有自己的知识。实际上,在雅思写作中,因为话题千变万化,我们真的很难准备很多很有说服力的例子。这个时候怎么办呢?
笔者建议考生,多利用推理、反证等论证手法,而将例证放在次要的位置。一来,我们掌握的事实论据本来就少,用上去也不见得恰当,写作时难免顾此失彼达不到效果;二来,由于英语水平的限制,我们举例子的时候也不可能太简洁,甚至可能花费较大的篇幅和较多的时间,从而挤压了整个文章继续进行的空间,导致文章无法完成或者不知所谓,这样更加得不偿失。
因此,建议考生在写作文的时候,加强分析的功力,而不要把太多心思花在背名言、记例子方面,学术写作最重逻辑,只要逻辑的基本功练好了,相信征服雅思写作不是一个困难的目标。
Scientists can learn about man by studying animals, 阅读理解答案
Slow progress on curbing deforestation expected at climate conference
More women starting businesses in US
Marian Anderson: Her voice became famous around the world
NYC schools expand birth control availability
Seeking HIV tests for all in US age 15-65
When my twin sons, Chad and Brad, were born, 阅读理解答案
Did you know that if you need an alarm clock to wake up in the morning,阅读理解答案
The Sahara Festival is a celebration of the very recent past.阅读理解答案
South pacific islands now totally powered by the sun
Pirate attacks are down in 2012
American history: Slavery in the American South
Words and their stories: military expressions
Palestinians cheer UN General Assembly vote
Polio victim searches for love in 'The Sessions'
New report outlines strategy for HIV/AIDS
Consumer spending will decline unless Congress averts fiscal cliff
It’s time to go back to school! Both Chinese and American阅读理解答案
Discounts at various bicycle shops.阅读理解答案
World AIDS Day 2012 more hopeful than in past
Violin maker keeps family tradition alive
Falconer uses birds to give young people hope
Minnesota state fair holds big sing along
Scientists search for new ways to treat infection
When Andrew was born in Jiangsu, China, his father opened 阅读理解答案
The risks of language for health translators
We think that life in Chinese high school is an adventure阅读理解答案
America's break with Britain divides families and friends
Are you a team player?阅读理解答案
Electronic dance music bounds into mainstream
| 不限 |
| 英语教案 |
| 英语课件 |
| 英语试题 |
| 不限 |
| 不限 |
| 上册 |
| 下册 |
| 不限 |