雅思阅读分类词汇：文化词汇

　　mainstream 主流 主流的

　　dialect 方言

　　discrepancy 差异

　　misconception 误解 = misunderstanding

　　barrier 障碍~ bar, = barricade

　　discrimination 区别，歧视racial/ual discrimination? discriminate

　　hierarchy 等级制度heir + arch + y

　　insularity 岛国性质 British industry has often been criticized for its linguistic insularity.

　　microcosm 小天地 micro + cosm

　　nostalgia = homesickness

　　patriot 爱国者 patriotic, patriotism

　　compatriot 同胞 同胞的com + patriot

　　vernacular 本地的，本国的 本地话，本国话the vernacular languages of India

　　Hispanic An American whose first language was Spanish

　　immigration 移入~ immigrant, immigratev.s. emigration

　　antipodes Any two places or regions on diametrically opposite sides of the Earthfrom North America to the Antipodes

　　permeate 渗透，弥漫Smoke permeated the house.

　　entrepreneur 企业家 entrepreneurship

　　practitioner 开业者，从业者praction + er

　　celebrity a famous person= luminary, VIP

　　proxy 代理人

　　anecdote 轶事

　　notoriety 恶名

　　counterpart 对应人，对等物Whos George Bushs counterpart in China?^ counterculture, counterbalance

　　peer 同等的人 凝视，窥视

　　subordinate 下级 下级的 superior

　　tactics 战术，技巧v.s. strategy marketing strategy v.s. selling tactics

　　nuance a subtle difference in meaning

　　benchmarking 类比分析

　　punctual 准时的，守时的

　　absenteeism 旷工absent absentee absenteeism

　　flextime 弹性工作时间flex + time

　　harass 骚扰 Mary said that Gary had ually harassed her.

　　redundancy 冗余，冗员network redundancy

　　downsize 裁员

　　ballot 投票

　　impartial 不偏不倚的

　　lobby 大堂 游说

　　shortlist a list of applicants who have been deemed suitable and from which the successful person will be chosen

　　equilibrium 平衡，均衡

　　questionnaire 调查表，问卷

　　quantitative 定量的

　　contingency 偶然性，偶然事件

　　incur 招致incur debts/hatred/dangerv.s. occur, concur, recur

　　ethical 伦理的，符合伦理的~ ethics, unethical

　　dubious 疑惑的，可疑的 People were dubious about the result.

　　manifestation 显示，证明

　　subtitle 字幕，副标题 ^ subsidiary, submarine, subway , suburb

　　dubbing 配音录制

　　vogue 时尚 ^ chic

　　bizarre 奇异的v.s. weird

　　mediocre 平庸的

　　dietitian 饮食学家

　　connoisseur 行家，鉴赏家^ entre, a la carte