托福阅读句子简化题解题方法

　　句子简化题主要考察我们的paraphrase（在此可以简单理解为用比原文简单的语言来替换原文）的能力。因此原文句式结构往往比较复杂，词汇相对比较高级，而且需要我们有比较强的逻辑分析能力。正确选项往往会在句子结构，语法以及词汇上做改动，比如主动变被动，复合句变成简单句，同义词改写。但是我们也不要被它吓到，只要我们有一定词汇基础（四级就可以），并掌握其解题技巧，正确解答此题还是不难的。

　　句子简化题的主要解题步骤是：

　　1.分析原句的逻辑关系，比如：转折，让步，递进，对比，等等。

　　2.扫描选项是否有对应的逻辑关系，如果不一样，立即排除该选项。

　　3.划出原句的核心词汇及概念，这些词往往是动作的发出者：主语，动作：谓语，以及动作的接受者：宾语。

　　4.把剩下的选项和原文进行快速比对，作出正确选择。

　　例1：Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage?

　　Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

　　?? Some people have argued that the Pacific was settled by traders who became lost while transporting domesticated plants and animals.

　　?? The original Polynesian settlers were probably marooned on the islands, but they may have been joined later by carefully prepared colonization expeditions.

　　?? Although it seems reasonable to believe that colonization expeditions would set out fully stocked, this is contradicted by much of the evidence.

　　?? The settlement of the Pacific islands was probably intentional and well planned rather than accidental as some people have proposed.

　　Contrary to the arguments of some that much of the pacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift, it seems reasonable that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals.

　　首先我们分析原句：Contrary to是一个明显的对比，扫描选项我们发现选项2有明显的转折和选项3是让步关系，和原文逻辑不符，因此我们可以快速排除选项2和3. 接下来我们开始划出原文的核心词汇，也就是这句话的主旨：Contrary to the arguments of some that much of the pacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift, it seems reasonable that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals. 比对选项， The settlement of the Pacific islands was probably intentional and well planned rather than accidental as some people have proposed 我们发现colonization换成了settltement, deliberate换成了intentional, contrary to 换成了rather than, 由此我们可以确定答案为选项4。

　　备考阶段建议考生在解答句子简化题的时候要学会抓逻辑关系词，分析句子主干成分。我们可以通过平时多分析长句难句，增强对句法结构的敏感度，便能在有限的时间内解决这种相对比较费时和有难度的题型。