自2010年至今,最高法院司法巡查已启动两轮,无论是巡查密度还是频次,都呈现大规模上升态势。
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The Supreme People's Court has sent inspection teams to seven provinces so far to find out whether lower-level court members are involved in corruption or other disciplinary violations.
截至目前,最高人民法院法院已向7个省份派出巡视组,巡视下级法院司法人员是否存在司法腐败或其他违纪问题。
司法巡视组的任务不仅包括解决下级法院(lower judicial branches)的反腐问题(fighting corruption),还会纠正因地方法院滥用权力(abuse of power)导致的错判问题(wrong verdicts)。
In the first round of the judicial inspections that started in 2010 and ended in 2012, the teams found 242 problems with local courts and issued 122 guidelines to correct them. Data from the second round are yet to be disclosed.
2010年至2012年开展的第一轮司法巡查中,巡视组发现问题242个,共向被巡查法院提出整改建议122条。目前,第二轮司法巡数据尚未公布。
一般来说,奔赴各地的司法巡查工作组组长(team leaders)会由最高法院咨询委员会(consultancy committee of the Supreme People's Court)的委员们担任,这些委员多数是各省高院的原院长(former presidents of provincial-level people's courts)。比如,对江苏和海南的司法巡查组组长分别由最高法院咨询委员会委员、军事法院原院长苏勇和山东高院原院长周玉华担任。
在人员设置上,司法巡查工作组成员(team members)一般10人左右,在各省巡查时间约1个月。
司法巡查组(judicial inspection team)到达巡查省份后,正式开展工作。巡查组会召开被巡查高院的全院干警大会,与当地司法人员进行谈话(holding talks),并向被巡查高院和下级法院公布司法巡查组联系电话(publicizing their contact numbers),设置意见箱,通过多种途径(various channels)听取意见。
据介绍,最高法院司法巡查的工作性质与中央巡视组(teams of disciplinary inspectors)类似。中央巡视组主要对各省党委的工作进行巡视,发现问题就是纠正问题(correcting the problems),而最高法院司法巡查针对法院领域,对各省高院的工作巡查,就是惩治司法腐败、严查司法作风问题(problems of work style)、严明工作纪律和选人用人(personnel selection and appointments)程序。
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