奥巴马 伊核协议将避免中东地区核竞赛

Six world powers and Iran struck one of the mostsignificant post-cold war diplomatic deals yesterday,reversing almost a decade of economic isolation for the Islamic republic in return for limits onits nuclear programme.

六个世界大国昨日与伊朗达成的协议堪称冷战后最重大的外交协议之一，逆转了这个伊斯兰共和国近10年的经济孤立，以换取对伊朗核计划的限制。

If it survives objections of opponents in Washington and Tehran, the deal to end a 12-yearnuclear-stand-off is expected to unfreeze more than $100bn in Iranian assets and prompt aflood of investment while stunting the country’s ability to make a nuclear bomb for at least adecade.

如果这份协议在华盛顿和德黑兰分别经受住反对者的反对，它将结束长达12年的核对峙，解冻逾1000亿美元的伊朗资产，释放一股投资洪流，同时在至少10年里阻碍该国发展制造核弹的能力。

Barack Obama defended what is the boldest gamble of his presidency as a “comprehensivelong-term deal with Iran that will head-off “a nuclear arms race in the Middle East. Facingcongressional scrutiny and criticism from Republican presidential contenders,Mr Obama vowedto veto any legislation that stopped implementation of the accord. “I believe it would beirresponsible to walk away from this deal, he said.

巴拉克攠巴马(Barack Obama)为他总统任期内的最大胆赌博进行辩护，称与伊朗达成的这项“全面长期的协议，将阻止“中东地区的核军备竞赛。面对国会的吹毛求疵和共和党总统候选人竞争者的批评，奥巴马誓言要否决任何阻止执行该协议的立法。“我相信拒绝接受这份协议将是不负责任的，他说。

Hassan Rouhani, Iran’s president, pictured below, said the deal “opens a new chapter in itsinternational relations, putting an end to “wrong, unfair and inhumane sanctions. “It is the endof injustice to the Iranian nation and beginning of new co-operation in the world, he said.

伊朗总统哈桑脠哈尼(Hassan Rouhani)表示，这一协议为该国的国际关系“开启了新篇章，为“错误、不公平和不人道的制裁画上了句号。“这是伊朗民族所遭遇的不公正的结束，世界新合作的开始，他说。

Capping two years of negotiations, the deal will place hard limits on Tehran’s nuclear activitiesand, in a matter of months, begin to reconnect the $400bn Iranian economy with the world.

这份协议结束了两年的谈判，它将对德黑兰的核活动施加刚性限制，同时将在数月后开始将4000亿美元的伊朗经济与世界重新接轨。

Under the deal, by early 2016 the key economic sanctions against Iran would be lifted, breathinglife into its financial system and energy market. Sanctions relief will be triggered by Iran’sverified compliance with measures to wind back its nuclear plans and introduce closeinternational monitoring. Oil prices fell more than 2 per cent on the news.

根据协议，对伊朗的重要经济制裁到2016年年初将被解除，向该国金融体系和能源市场注入生命力。解除制裁的先决条件是伊朗被验证履行了协议，采取措施逆转其核计划，并引入密切的国际监测。达成协议的消息传出后，油价下跌逾2%。

If the agreement holds it will be the first case in which a country subject to chapter sevensanctions by the UN Security Council has exited them through diplomacy rather than war.

如果这份协议得到执行，那将是根据《联合国宪章》第七章受到联合国安理会(UN Security Council)制裁的国家首次通过外交(而非战争)结束制裁。

But its terms were decried by some as an egregious failure of judgment. Benjamin Netanyahu,Israeli prime minister, called the agreement a “historic mistake for the world. Jeb Bush, aleading Republican presidential candidate, said the deal was “appeasement.

但是该协议的条款被一些人谴责为令人震惊的误判。以色列总理本雅明蔠呑尼亚胡(Benjamin Netanyahu)称该协议是“世界的历史性错误。共和党主要总统候选人竞争者杰布布什(Jeb Bush)表示，这一协议是“绥靖政策。

In Iran, both reformists and conservatives welcomed the deal, regarding it as a victory that willturn Iran into a regional power. Hardliners remained largely quiet because of the difficulty inopposing an agreement endorsed by Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Iran’s supreme leader andultimate decision maker.

在伊朗，改革派和保守派都对这份协议表示欢迎，视其为一个胜利，将让伊朗成为地区大国。强硬派基本保持沉默，因为他们明白自己难以反对伊朗最高领袖和最终决策者阿亚图拉阿里哈梅内伊(Ayatollah AliKhamenei)已经拍板的协议。