李克强在第54届亚非法协年会发表主旨讲话

中华人民共和国国务院总理 李克强

Remarks by H.E. Mr. Li Keqiang

Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China

加强亚非团结合作促进世界和平公正

——在亚非法协第54届年会开幕式上的主旨讲话

At the Opening Meeting of the 54th Annual Session of the Asian-African Legal Consultative Organization

2015年4月13日 北京

Beijing, 13 April 2015

尊敬的主席先生，

Mr. President,

尊敬的秘书长先生，

Mr. Secretary-General,

各位代表，各位嘉宾，

Distinguished Delegates and Guests,

女士们，先生们：

Ladies and Gentlemen,

很高兴出席在北京举行的亚非法律协商组织第54届年会。本届年会的召开具有重要的意义，因为60年前召开了万隆会议，中国是万隆会议的积极参与者，也是会议确定原则的倡导者。亚非国家和各国共同维护着世界和平，促进了共同发展，我们是命运共同体。我谨代表中国政府，对会议的召开表示热烈祝贺!对远道而来的朋友们表示诚挚欢迎!

It gives me great pleasure to address the 54th Annual Session of the Asian-African Legal Consultative Organization (AALCO) held in Beijing. This year's annual session is highly significant as it coincides with the 60th anniversary of the Bandung Conference. China was an active participant of that meeting and a proponent of its principles. Countries in Asia, Africa and the rest of the world have worked together to maintain world peace and promote common development, and are forging a community of common destiny. Here I wish to express, on behalf of the Chinese government, our warm congratulations on the opening of the meeting and warm welcome to all of you.

今年是亚非法协成立的第60个年头。60年前万隆会议确立了处理国家间关系的十项原则，给我们留下了“团结、友谊、合作的宝贵精神财富。而亚非法协作为万隆会议结出的硕果，见证了亚非国家联合自强，谋求公正合理国际秩序的不平凡历程，也记载着亚非人民患难与共，实现国家发展和民族振兴的峥嵘岁月。国际社会和中国都会举办一系列活动纪念万隆会议60周年，习近平主席等中国领导人将出席有关活动，我们今天的会议是纪念活动的一部分，这本身就是向国际社会表明，中国愿同亚非国家和世界所有国家一起，继续把万隆精神发扬光大，努力维护战后确立的国际秩序和国际体系。

It has been nearly 60 years since the founding of AALCO. Six decades ago, the Bandung Conference established ten principles governing state-to-state relations, leaving us the invaluable legacy of solidarity, friendship and cooperation. Set up after the Bandung Conference, AALCO bears witness to the unyielding and concerted efforts the Asian and African countries have made to secure a fair and equitable international order and achieve national development and renewal. The international community and China will commemorate the 60th anniversary of the Bandung Conference with a series of events which will be attended by Chinese leaders including President Xi Jinping. Our meeting today, as part of the commemoration, demonstrates to the world that China is ready to work with countries in Asia, Africa and beyond to carry forward the Bandung Spirit and uphold the post-war international order and system.

60年来，我们努力追求独立自由和平等。亚非国家曾掀起波澜壮阔的反帝反殖运动，赢得了宝贵的民族解放和独立，也在相互支持中结下了深厚的友谊。我们不会忘记，正是亚非兄弟把新中国抬进了联合国。中国也始终为亚非兄弟仗义执言，为各国的正义事业提供真心实意的帮助。今天，46个亚洲国家、54个非洲国家成为联合国成员国，占联合国成员的半数以上。亚非国家的声音和意见全世界都需要尊重。

In the past six decades, we have fought hard in pursuit of independence, freedom and equality. By waging the heroic anti-imperialist and anti-colonial struggle, we Asian and African countries have won liberation and independence and forged profound friendship through mutual support. We will never forget that it was our brothers in Asia and Africa who carried new China into the United Nations. China, on its part, has always stood up for our Asian and African brothers and given sincere help to their just causes. Today, 46 Asian countries and 54 African countries have become member states of the United Nations, making up more than half of the total UN membership. The voice of the Asian and African countries is heeded by the entire world.

60年来，我们不懈谋求发展进步和繁荣。亚非国家坚持探索符合本国国情的道路，人民的生存权、发展权得到前所未有的尊重和保护，曾经贫穷落后的亚洲和非洲焕发出勃勃生机。今天的亚洲是全球最具活力的地区之一，非洲大陆正在释放巨大发展潜能。2014年亚非经济总量达29万亿美元，占世界的37.5%，比1970年增长47倍。新兴经济体主要集中在亚非地区。亚非发展合作前景广阔，正成为推动世界经济增长的重要力量。

In the past six decades, we have worked tirelessly to achieve development, progress and prosperity. We Asian and African countries have explored development paths suited to our respective national conditions; the rights to survival and development of our peoples have never been so respected and protected; and Asia and Africa, two poor continents in the past, are full of vibrancy today. Asia is now one of the most dynamic regions in the world, and the African continent is unleashing great development potential. In 2014, the combined GDP of Asia and Africa reached US$29 trillion, accounting for 37.5% of the global total and representing a 47-fold increase over that of 1970. Asia and Africa are home to most of the emerging economies. With broad prospects, Asia-Africa cooperation for development is growing into an important force for global economic growth.

60年来，我们积极建设国际法治和秩序。亚非各国立足自身国情，加强国内法治建设，并相互学习借鉴彼此有益经验，推进国际法治合作。我们共同倡导和平共处五项原则，丰富了以《联合国宪章》为核心的国际法基本原则。亚非国家呼应配合，促进南南合作深入发展，维护和争取合法权益，尊重各国的独立、主权和领土完整，为促进世界和平发展发挥了重要作用。

In the past six decades, we have worked hard to strengthen the international order and rule of law. We Asian and African countries have boosted the rule of law at home, shared best practices and promoted cooperation on enhancing international rule of law. We jointly championed the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, which enriched the basic principles of international law based on the UN Charter. By promoting South-South cooperation, we worked closely to uphold our legitimate rights and interests, and call for respect for the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries, and played an important role in advancing world peace and development.

女士们，先生们!

Ladies and Gentlemen,

中国是亚非大家庭中的一员，与亚非国家同发展共进步。新中国成立60多年特别是改革开放30多年来，中国发生了翻天覆地的变化，经济总量已跃居世界前列。但中国是人口最多、幅员辽阔的发展中国家，我们的人均GDP刚达到7600多美元，低于世界1万美元的平均水平，排在世界80位以后，仍然属于发展中国家。中国城乡区域发展还很不平衡，大家看到像北京、上海这样的东部城市，建设得已经比较现代了，但广大中西部地区还有很多欠发达的地方。按照中国自己的标准，还有7000多万贫困人口。中国仍然是世界上最大的发展中国家，亚非地区是发展中国家最集中的地区，发展经济、改善民生是中国与亚非国家面临的共同任务。我们将始终与广大亚非国家站在一起，共创共享发展红利。

As a member of the Asia-Africa family, China has come a long way. In the past six decades since the founding of new China, and particularly in the past three decades since reform and opening-up, China has undergone enormous changes, and grown into one of world's major economies. On the other hand, China remains a huge developing country with the world's largest population. Its per capita GDP is just over US$7,600, lower than the world's average of US$10,000 and ranking behind the 80th place in the world. There is still imbalance in the development of rural and urban areas and among regions. As you can see, Beijing, Shanghai and some coastal cities in Eastern China are quite modern. But many places in Central and Western China are still underdeveloped. According to China's own standards, more than 70 million Chinese are still living in poverty. China remains the world's largest developing country, and Asia and Africa are home to the largest number of developing countries in the world. Growing the economy and improving people's lives is a common task facing China and other countries in Asia and Africa. We will continue to work together to bring development benefits to our peoples.

女士们，先生们!

Ladies and Gentlemen,

当今世界，和平与发展仍然是时代主题，合作共赢更是大势所趋，推进国际法治是人心所向。但也要看到，世界并不安宁，亚洲和非洲的经济建设还面临着不少挑战，发展中国家的合法权益仍未得到充分保障。世界要和平，亚非要进步，各国要发展，都离不开法治和秩序。新形势下，亚非各国应继续发扬万隆精神，共同推动世界和平发展与公平正义。这里，我提出几点主张：

In today's world, peace and development remain the call of our times. Win-win cooperation has become the prevailing trend, and international rule of law the shared aspiration of people. But the world is not yet a peaceful place. Asia and Africa still face many challenges in pursuing economic development, and the legitimate rights and interests of developing countries are not yet fully safeguarded. The world needs peace, Asia and Africa need to move forward, and all countries need development; but none of these goals can be achieved without rule of law and order. Under the new conditions, we Asian and African countries should carry forward the Bandung Spirit and work together to advance world peace, development, equality and justice. With this in mind, we should work on the following areas:

第一，推动国际政治秩序更加公正合理。今年是世界反法西斯战争胜利和联合国成立70周年。实践表明，战后秩序为世界和平发展提供了基础和环境，国家间唯有相互尊重、平等相待，才能和睦相处。中国作为联合国创始成员国，我们认为以主权国家为基础的国际体系要巩固，弱肉强食的丛林法则必须摒弃。亚非国家要共同维护以联合国为核心的战后国际秩序，坚决捍卫《联合国宪章》的权威，坚持主权平等、互不干涉内政、不使用武力的根本原则。在世界多极化进程中，亚非国家正成为重要一极。中国作为负责任大国，坚持走和平发展道路，愿与亚非国家一道推进国际关系民主化、法治化，继续在维护和完善国际秩序中发挥积极作用。

First, we should work to make the international political order more just and equitable. This year marks the 70th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and the founding of the United Nations. The post-war order has provided the foundation for world peace and development. Countries will live in harmony only if they treat each other with respect and as equals. As the founding member of the UN, China believes that the international system based on sovereign states must be strengthened and the law of the jungle under which the weak is bullied by the strong must be rejected. We Asian and African countries should jointly safeguard the UN-based post-war international order and the sanctity of the UN Charter and stay committed to the fundamental principles of sovereign equality, non-interference in others' domestic affairs and non-use of force. We Asian and African countries are becoming an important pole in the process of moving towards global multipolarity. As a responsible major country, China is committed to peaceful development. We will continue to work with other Asian and African countries to promote greater democracy and rule of law in international relations and play an active role in maintaining and improving the international order.

第二，促进世界经济更加开放有序。随着经济全球化深入推进，各国利益交融不断加深，你中有我，我中有你，只有走互利共赢之路，才能实现共同发展。国际社会应高举自由贸易大旗，反对保护主义，不打贸易战，维护世界贸易组织确定的基本原则，维护国际贸易法，维护和完善国际金融体系，促进建立均衡普惠的全球贸易体系，同时推动区域性贸易投资自由化和便利化，让两个“轮子一起转。亚非国家正处于工业化、城镇化的关键时期，各国已结成利益共同体，要积极开展南南合作和南北合作。这就像中国传统的端午节龙舟赛，只有合力划桨、步调一致，才能使船又快又稳，赢得胜利。亚非国家要不断改善投资贸易法律环境，主动参与国际经贸游戏规则制定，为自身发展争取更多制度性权利。中国愿与亚非国家完善既有合作平台和机制，积极开展产能合作和产业对接，实现优势互补、共同发展。我们提出的“一带一路倡议，愿与有关国家的发展规划和需求相结合，为深化亚非地区合作带来新契机。

Second, we need to work for a more open and institutionalized world economy. With economic globalization deepening and countries' interests converging, common development can only be realized by pursuing mutual benefit. The international community should hold high the banner of free trade, oppose protectionism, refrain from trade wars, observe international trade laws and the basic principles of the World Trade Organization, uphold and improve the international financial system and build a more balanced and inclusive global trade regime. At the same time, trade and investment liberalization and facilitation should also be promoted at the regional level to complement and reinforce the global system, thus supporting global growth with two wheels. With Asian and African countries both at a crucial stage of industrialization and urbanization and a community of shared interests emerging, active efforts should be made to carry out South-South and North-South cooperation. It's just like the dragon boat race during China's traditional Dragon Boat Festival. Only when everyone rows at top speed and at the same pace can the boat sail fast and steadily towards victory. Asian and African countries need to continuously improve the legal environment for investment and trade, and be a more proactive participant in the formulation of the rules concerning international economy and trade to secure more institutional rights for their own development. China stands ready to work with Asian and African countries to improve existing cooperation platforms and mechanisms, encourage closer linkages and cooperation among industries to draw on each other's strengths for common development. We stand ready to align our "Land and Maritime Silk Road" Initiatives with the development plans and needs of countries along the routes so as to bring new opportunities for greater cooperation in Asia and Africa.

第三，努力维护国际和地区和平稳定。历史和现实都表明，没有和平安宁的环境什么事也做不成。亚非国家山水相连、比邻而居，更要彼此照应、友好相处。对一些地区冲突和历史遗留问题，要通过和平方式协商解决，不能诉诸武力。对一些存在分歧和不同看法的问题，要互谅互让，寻求最大公约数。中国积极维护地区和平稳定，也开展了频繁的外交活动，劝和促谈，推动和平解决南苏丹、中东以及其他一些地区热点问题。

Third, we need to uphold international and regional peace and stability. Nothing can be achieved without peace and security. Asian and African countries are neighbors connected by mountains and seas. It is all the more important that we are ready to help each other and be good friends. Regional conflicts and historical issues should be resolved peacefully through consultation rather than by force. And differences and disagreements should be addressed by understanding and accommodating each other and seeking common ground wherever possible. China has made vigorous efforts to uphold regional peace and stability, and conducted intensive diplomatic activities to facilitate peace talks and peaceful settlement of hotspot issues such as those in South Sudan and the Middle East.

在南海问题上，我们提出了“双轨思路，主张由直接当事国通过对话协商解决争议，中国和东盟国家共同维护南海稳定。南海的航行自由与安全是完全有保障的。只要我们真诚求和平，就没有解不开的结，就没有过不去的坎儿。亚非人民友好相处的道路就会越走越宽、越走越顺。

On the issue of the South China Sea, China advocates a "dual-track" approach. We believe disputes should be addressed between countries directly concerned through dialogue and consultation and China and ASEAN countries should work together to promote stability in the South China Sea. The freedom and safety of navigation in the South China Sea are fully guaranteed. As long as we pursue peace with sincerity, there will be no problems or difficulties between us that cannot be overcome. The friendship between Asian and African peoples will only be further deepened and strengthened.

第四，携手应对全球非传统安全挑战。在气候变化、恐怖主义、网络安全、重大疫情和自然灾害等全球性挑战面前，没有任何国家能置身其外。亚非国家面临的非传统安全威胁尤为突出，必须合力应对，协调行动。应对气候变化各国都责无旁贷，我们要坚持发展中国家和发达国家“共同但有区别的责任原则，推动形成2020后公平合理的减排协议。恐怖主义是世界公敌，我们要共同防范和打击一切形式的恐怖主义。网络空间是人类社会生活发展“新的疆域，我们要努力消除“数字鸿沟，构建和平安全开放合作的网络秩序。重大疫情传播没有边界，世界各国都有防控的责任。在抗击埃博拉等重大疫情中，中国提供的资金援助和救治力量发挥了积极作用，愿继续向受疫情影响最重的非洲国家提供力所能及的帮助。中国愿与亚非国家守望相助、相互支援，共同应对非传统安全威胁和挑战。

Fourth, we need to work together to meet global non-traditional security challenges. No country can stay immune to challenges such as climate change, terrorism, cyber security, pandemic diseases and natural disasters. Given our vulnerability to such threats, countries in Asia and Africa must come together and coordinate our response. On tackling climate change, every country must do its part. We must uphold the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and work for a fair and equitable post-2020 agreement on emission reduction. Terrorism is a global scourge. Whatever its form, it must be dealt with through joint efforts. Cyberspace is a new frontier for human society. We need to narrow the digital gap and develop an order in cyberspace based on peace, security, openness and cooperation. Epidemics respect no borders. All countries have a stake in the prevention and control of such diseases. Financial and medical assistance from China has contributed to the joint fight against recent epidemics such as the Ebola outbreak. China stands ready to continue to provide assistance to African countries most heavily affected by the epidemic to the best of its ability. China will continue to work with other Asian and African countries to help each other in times of need and together overcome non-traditional security threats and challenges.

第五，积极深化国际法治交流合作。良法是善治的基础，地球村里需要用国际法来明辨是非、定分止争。亚非国家要在国际法治领域多交流、多协调，积极参与国际立法，使国际法更充分地反映发展中国家的诉求和共同利益。要切实维护国际法的权威性和有效性。要在国际法框架下深化亚非国家司法执法合作，共同打击走私、毒品、金融诈骗等跨国犯罪，加强反腐败国际协作。中国积极维护和建设国际法治，已加入400多项多边条约，缔结了2万多项双边条约。奉行和平共处五项原则，坚持依法办事，一直是中国外交的基石和风格。我们将在加快国内法治建设的同时，为推进国际法治进程作出应有的贡献。

Fifth, we need to deepen exchanges and cooperation on the international legal system. Good laws are the foundation of sound governance. In our global village, international law is crucial to telling right from wrong and mitigating differences and conflicts. Asian and African countries need to increase exchanges and coordination on international rule of law and stay involved in international law-making to better reflect the aspirations and interests of developing countries. The authority and effectiveness of international law must be upheld. Asian and African countries need to, under the framework of international law, deepen judicial and law enforcement cooperation, jointly fight against smuggling, drug trafficking, financial fraud and other trans-national crimes and strengthen international cooperation to combat corruption. China is an active contributor to international rule of law. It has acceded to more than 400 multilateral treaties and concluded over 20,000 bilateral treaties. Commitment to the five principles of peaceful coexistence and to international law in general has been a cornerstone and defining feature of China's foreign policy. As China strengthens the rule of law at home, it will make greater contribution to building rule of law at the international level.

女士们，先生们!

Ladies and Gentlemen,

亚非法协已成立近60年了，作为促进两大洲国际法律交流与合作的重要平台，在加强地区治理、维护共同权益方面发挥了重要作用。亚非地区几代法律界人士都为此付出了大量的心血和智慧。秘书长先生作为资深法学家，已历任两个任期，在你和亚非法协成员的努力下，法协工作领域不断拓展，影响力进一步扩大，我们对此表示赞赏。面向未来，各成员国要增进交流，凝聚共识，把这个宝贵的平台发展好、利用好。中国将一如既往地支持亚非法协的事业。我在这里宣布，中国将出资设立“中国-亚非法协国际法交流与研究项目，助力亚非法协发展，促进国际法治合作。

Since its inception nearly 60 years ago, AALCO, as a major platform for Asian-African legal exchanges and cooperation, has played a vital role in strengthening regional governance and safeguarding our common rights and interests. This has been made possible by the extraordinary dedication and intellect of generations of legal experts from Asia and Africa. One of them is Secretary-General Dr. Rahmat Mohamad, a renowned jurist serving his second term as Secretary-General. I commend you and members of AALCO for your efforts to expand the organization's areas of focus and raise its profile. Going forward, we hope to see more exchanges between member states to help build consensus and allow this valuable platform to flourish and serve its cause. China will remain a firm supporter to AALCO. We will set up a China-AALCO research and exchange program on international law to facilitate AALCO's growth and international cooperation on the rule of law in general.

女士们，先生们!

Ladies and Gentlemen,

3000多年前，在亚非结合部的两河流域，产生了汉谟拉比法典，是人类历史上最早的成文法。在同一时期的中国，西周已创造出古体的“法(灋)字，这是一个象形文字，左边部分是水，代表着公平与平等，右边部分是能分辨是非的独角兽，代表着正义和权威。这充分说明，亚非地区有着深厚的法治文明底蕴。今天，我们应更好弘扬先人的法治传统和精神，为国际法治作出更大贡献。

Three thousand years ago, the oldest written code of law in human history, the Code of Hammurabi, was enacted in Mesopotamia in an area where our two continents meet. At around the same time in China, known as the Western Zhou Dynasty, the ancient Chinese character which means "law" was invented. It is a pictograph composed of two parts. Its left part means "water", which indicates impartiality of judgement; its right part contains a pictograph for "the mythic goat-unicorn", a symbol of justice and authority in China. These two milestones are perfect examples of the rich legal heritage of Asian and African civilizations. Today, it is our duty to carry forward this tradition and the spirit of respecting the rule of law and work even harder to build up the international legal system.

让我们携手推动亚非团结合作迈上新的台阶，共同建设持久和平、公平正义、互利共赢的美好世界!

Let us join hands to usher in a brighter future for Asia-Africa unity and cooperation and together create a better world of lasting peace, justice and win-win cooperation.

祝亚非法协第54届年会圆满成功!

To conclude, I wish the 54th Annual Session of AALCO full success.

谢谢大家!

Thank you all very much.