There be 结构

　　There be 结构主要用以表达"某处(某时)有某人(某物)",其基本句型为"There be + 某物或某人 + 某地或某时",其中there 是引导词,没有词义;be是谓语动词;"某人或某物"是句子的主语;"某地或某时"作句子的状语,多是介词短语。如:

　　There is a football under the chair. 椅子下面有一个足球。

　　主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is, 是复数时用are。如:

　　There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花。

　　There is some money in the purse. 钱包里有些钱。

　　2. 若句子中有几个并列的主语时,be的形式依据就近原则。如:

　　There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house. 房子里有一个男孩,一个女孩和两个妇女。

　　There are ten students and a teacher in the office. 办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。

　　3. 另外,在陈述句中为了强调地点,也可将介词短语提置句首。如:

　　In the tree there are five birds. 树上有五只鸟。

　　There be 结构的句型转换

　　否定句

　　there be的否定式通常在be后加not构成(在口语中be时常与not缩写在一起)。如果句中有some,一般要变成any。如:

　　There are some children in the picture. →There aren't any children in the picture.

　　一般疑问句及其答语

　　把be提到there前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。其肯定答语是Yes, there is / are;否定答语为No, there isn't / aren't。如:

　　—Are there two cats in the tree?

　　—Yes, there are. (No, there aren't.)

　　特殊疑问句及其回答

　　①提问句子的主语(包括主语前的修饰语)时,句型一律用"what is + 地点介词短语?"(无论主语是单数还是复数都用is)。如:

　　There are some birds in the tree. →What's in the tree?

　　②就there be后面的地点状语进行提问时,句型用"where is / are + 主语?"如:

　　There is a car in the street. →Where is the car?

　　③提问可数名词(主语)前的数量时,用how many,句型结构为"how many + 复数名词 + are there + 其它?"(主语无论是单数还是复数,be通常要用are)。

　　18、Is there •••? Yes, there is. / No, there aren’t.

　　Is there a playground in the school?

　　19、Are there ••• ? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.

　　Are there any flowers in the garden?

　　20、Whose ••• is ••• ? It’s •••.

　　Whose blouse is this? It’s Mary’s blouse.

　　21、Whose blouses •••? They’re •••.

　　Whose blouses are these? They’re Mary’s blouses.

　　22、I ( don’t ) have •••. I ( don’t ) have a fork.

　　You ( don’t ) have •••. You ( don’t ) have a spoon.

　　We ( don’t ) have •••. We ( don’t ) have two bowls.

　　They ( don’t ) have •••. They ( don’t ) have two glasses.

　　23、Do you have •••? Yes, I do. Yes, we do. / No, I don’t. No, we don’t.

　　Do you have a fork?

　　24、Do they have •••? Yes, they do. /No, they don’t.

　　Do they have a fork?

　　25、He / She has •••. He / She has a new room.

　　He / She doesn’t have •••. He /She doesn’t have a new room.

　　26、Does he /she have •••? Yes, he /she does. No, he/she doesn’t.

　　Does he/she have a radio?

　　27、How many ••• does ••• have? He/She has •••.

　　How many sisters does Lucy have? She has one.

　　28、How many ••• do ••• have? I/We/They/You have •••.

　　How many sisters do you have? I have two.