试题评析

今年全国卷Ⅱ的作文题受褒贬的程度似乎不如前几年，赞叹声也不如其他几个省市的多。褒贬不多，说明试题相对平稳；骂声不多，也许就可以说，这是一道出得比较好的题。此题扣合了时代主旋律：倡导社会主义荣辱观，构建文明社会、和谐社会。题目的特殊性在于，它直面了社会上存在忘恩负义的人这样一种实际状况，并不刻意回避现实生活中人性丑陋的一面。

In this year's national Volume II, the degree of praise and criticism seems to be not as good as in previous years, and the praise is not as much as in other provinces and cities. There are not much praise and criticism, indicating that the test questions are relatively stable; there are not many swearing words, so it may be said that this is a better question. This topic fits the theme of the times: advocating the concept of socialist honor and disgrace, building a civilized society and a harmonious society. The particularity of the topic lies in that it faces the actual situation of ungrateful people in the society, and does not deliberately avoid the ugly side of human nature in real life.

试题完全具有“新材料作文”的命题特征。材料本身不算复杂，两个事例进行对比：前一个是丛飞无私捐助与受助者不知回报，后一个是学生小李“爱出者爱反，福往者福来”。从审题上说，并没有多大障碍，考生根据材料中的“记住别人对自己的帮助，学会帮助别人”，很容易想到“学会感恩与回报”“和谐互助”“爱心传递”等。命题要求“选择一个角度构思作文，自主确定立意，确定文体，确定标题”，这样，可供考生选择的侧面、角度就很多。比如，如果我们从歌手丛飞“不要责怪他们，我已不再需要医疗了”的话语立意，就可赞扬一种只知付出、不求回报的可贵精神和宽以待人、以德报怨的开阔胸襟；从“有一个受助者居然还埋怨说，这让他很没面子”的角度立意，还可批评一种狭隘的“面子”观；从“一个四年级女生捐了10元钱”的角度立意，还可强调帮助别人不在于你付出了多少，尽我所能就值得颂扬……当然，要想写出精彩的文章，除审题准确、思想健康外，还应力求感情真挚、认识深刻、情理并重。就“认识深刻”来说，你可以着重剖析“感恩之心沦丧”的深层原因，可以审视慈善事业在中国难以“火暴”的根源所在，等等。

The test questions have the proposition characteristics of "new material composition". The material itself is not complicated. Two examples are compared: the former is congfei's selfless donation and the recipient does not know the return, and the latter is Xiao Li, a student who "loves the giver but loves the giver, and the giver is blessed". From the examination, there are not many obstacles. According to the "remember others' help to yourself, learn to help others" in the materials, it is easy for the examinee to think of "learn to be grateful and repay", "harmonious and mutual aid", "love transmission", etc. The proposition requires "choose an angle to conceive the composition, independently determine the idea, determine the style, and determine the title". In this way, there are many sides and angles for candidates to choose. For example, if we take congfei's words of "don't blame them, I don't need medical treatment anymore", we can praise a kind of valuable spirit that only knows to pay, doesn't ask for return, and a broad mind that treats people with leniency and rewards them with virtue; from the perspective of "one recipient even complains that it makes him very shameless", we can also criticize a narrow concept of "face"; From the perspective of "a fourth grade girl donated 10 yuan", it can also be emphasized that it's not how much you pay to help others, it's worth praising if I do my best Of course, in order to write a wonderful article, we should not only examine the topic accurately and have a healthy mind, but also strive to be sincere, profound and reasonable. As far as "deep understanding" is concerned, you can focus on analyzing the deep-seated reasons for the "loss of gratitude", examine the root causes of the difficulty of "fire" in philanthropy in China, and so on.

作为全国卷作文题，无疑对作文教学乃至语文教学都有着引领、导向作用。这道题紧密联系社会生活，提出了考生无法回避的问题。面对这样的考题，考生起码得融入自己对材料的理解，题目本身也起到了引导甚至逼迫考生思考的作用。靠考前猜题押宝，背几篇满分作文，或者“套作”现成的作文，投机取巧，是写不出好文章的。这就告诉我们，平时的作文训练，还得老老实实、扎扎实实，多阅读，多思考，多关注生活、关注社会，着力写出自己的真知灼见。

As a national volume composition topic, it undoubtedly plays a leading and guiding role in composition teaching and Chinese teaching. This question is closely related to social life and raises questions that examinees cannot avoid. In the face of such examination questions, examinees should at least integrate their understanding of the materials, and the questions themselves also play a role in guiding or even forcing examinees to think. You can't write a good essay by guessing questions and betting before the exam, reciting several full score compositions, or by "copying" ready-made compositions. This tells us that we need to be honest, down-to-earth, read more, think more, pay more attention to life and society, and strive to write our own insights.