我所了解的孔子和孟子

宋代开国宰相赵普曾经标榜说，自己是用半部《论语》治天下。可见古人对论语的推崇之极。这部曾被古人誉为治国之本的《论语》，对我们现代人来说，还具有什么实际意义吗？

Zhao Pu, the Prime Minister of the Song Dynasty, once boasted that he used half of the Analects to govern the world. It can be seen that the ancients highly praised the Analects. The Analects of Confucius, once regarded as the foundation of governing the country by the ancients, is there any practical significance for our modern people?

──题记

-- inscription

《论语·卫灵公》中记载，孔子的学生子贡问了老师一个非常大的问题：“有一言而可以终身行之者乎？”老师以商量的口气对他说：“其恕乎！”什么叫“恕”呢？孔子又用八个字解释：“己所不欲，勿施于人。”也就是说，无论做什么事，都要推己及人，将心比心，不要强人所难，不要给别人造成伤害。用今天的话说，就是要学会宽容。

According to the Analects of Confucius, Wei linggong, a student of Confucius, asked his teacher a very big question: "is there anyone who has one word and can do it all his life?" The teacher said to him in a deliberative way, "I'm sorry." What is forgiveness? Confucius also explained in eight words, "do not do to others what you do not want." That is to say, no matter what you do, you should be considerate and considerate. Don't try to force others or cause harm to others. In today's words, we should learn to be tolerant.

宽容在我国传统的伦理道德观念中，一直占有重要的位置，是为人处事的重要原则。

Tolerance has always played an important role in the traditional ethics and morality of our country, and it is an important principle of doing things for people.

唐太宗李世民宽容、重用魏征的故事被传为佳话。在李建成与李世民的皇位之争中，魏征为李建成出谋划策，多次使李世民陷入困境。玄武门之变后，魏征成了李世民的阶下囚。这时，李世民完全可以治他的罪，杀他的头。但是，李世民宽容并重用了他，让他做到了宰相，结果成就了历史上着名的“贞观之治”。再往前翻一翻历史的画卷，齐桓公宽容并重用曾险些射死自己的管仲，从而成就霸业；蔺相如宽容多次羞辱自己的廉颇，留下“将相和”的美谈……

The story of Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, who tolerated and valued Wei Zheng, is well-known. In the dispute over the throne between Li Jiancheng and Li Shimin, Wei Zheng gave Li Jiancheng advice, which made Li Shimin in trouble for many times. After the change of Xuanwumen, Wei became a prisoner of Li Shimin. At this time, Li Shimin can completely cure his crime and kill his head. However, Li Shimin tolerated and made him the prime minister. As a result, he achieved the famous "rule of Zhenguan" in history. Looking forward to the historical picture, Duke Huan of Qi tolerated and reused Guan Zhong, who almost shot himself to death, so as to achieve hegemony. Lin Xiangru tolerated and humiliated his integrity many times, leaving a beautiful talk of "general harmony"

古人尚能如此，在竞争日益激烈的现代社会，我们更需要调整自己心态，调整好与他人的关系，学会宽容。

The ancients can still do so. In the increasingly competitive modern society, we need to adjust our mentality, adjust the relationship with others, and learn to be tolerant.

《北京日报》曾刊登过这样一件事：一位小伙子在公共汽车上吐了一口痰，女售票员让他擦掉。小伙子感到很难堪，不去擦。女售票员给了他个台阶下，自己用纸把痰擦掉了。事后小伙子很后悔，他给报社写了一封信，表示向这位售票员道歉。这件事启示我们：“退一步海阔天空，让三分风平浪静。”得理也让人，宽容的感化作用常比剑拔弩张作用要恒久得多。如果她不这么做，而是硬逼小伙子去擦掉，结果不难想象。

Beijing Daily once published a story about a young man spitting on a bus, and a female conductor asked him to wipe it off. The young man felt embarrassed and didn't wipe it. The conductor gave him a step down and wiped the phlegm off with paper. After the incident, the young man regretted it. He wrote a letter to the newspaper to apologize to the conductor. This incident enlightens us: "take a step back and let the three points calm." Reason also makes people, the influence of tolerance is often more permanent than the effect of tension. If she doesn't, but forces the young man to wipe it off, the result is not hard to imagine.

然而，现实生活中，真正做到宽容谈何容易！有很多时候，他会为一丝一毫的事情而斤斤计较，耿耿于怀。事情已经过去了，而他还是老在那想，这么可恶的事情我怎么可能原谅它呢？然后就是在不断的自我咀嚼中，不断的从中受到伤害，难以自拔！有时甚至要发誓“报仇”！哎，仔细想想，何必呢？让自己整天活在过去的种种痛苦和仇恨中，这样的生活是多么悲哀！

However, in real life, it's not easy to be tolerant! There are many times, he will be a little bit of things and haggle over each other. It's over, and he's still there thinking, how can I forgive such a hateful thing? Then it is in the constant self chewing, constantly hurt from it, hard to extricate themselves! Sometimes even swear "revenge"! Well, think about it carefully. Why? How sad it is to live all day in all the pain and hatred of the past!

那么，怎样才能学会宽容呢？

So, how can we learn tolerance?

首先，宽容需要沟通。当自己与他人发生矛盾或误会时，要主动与对方交谈，认真倾听对方的诉说。这样，才能沟通彼此的思想，从而消除误会和隔阂。

First, tolerance needs communication. When you have conflicts or misunderstandings with others, you should take the initiative to talk with them and listen to them carefully. In this way, we can communicate with each other's thoughts, thus eliminating misunderstanding and estrangement.

其次，宽容需要设身处地地为他人要想。积极地换位思考，更多地站在对方的角度考虑问题，我们就更容易宽容别人。

Secondly, tolerance needs to think for others. If we think positively from another's perspective, we will be more tolerant of others.

再次，宽容需要忘却。克制性的宽容，不是真正的宽容，它不能祛除感情伤口上的脓水，医治感情上的创伤。只有那种不记、不究的宽容，才是真正的大境界。

Again, tolerance needs to be forgotten. The tolerance of restraint is not the real tolerance. It can't get rid of the pus on the emotional wound and heal the emotional wound. Only that kind of tolerance, which is not remembered or studied, is the real realm.

什么叫“半部《论语》治天下”？北京师范大学教授于丹认为：《论语》告诉大家的东西，永远是最简单的。有时候一两个字，就够我们用一辈子了。“其恕乎！”──就一个“恕”字，教给我们如何在现代生活中获取心灵快乐，适应日常秩序，找到人生坐标；就一个“恕”字，就是我们自己的一幅健康的心电图，是这个世界的一张美好的通行证。

What is "half of the Analects" governing the world "? Yu Dan, a professor at Beijing Normal University, believes that what the Analects of Confucius tells us is always the simplest. Sometimes a word or two is enough for us to use for a lifetime. "I'm sorry!" -- the word "Shu" teaches us how to obtain spiritual happiness, adapt to daily order and find the coordinates of life in modern life; the word "Shu" is a healthy ECG of our own and a beautiful passport of the world.

让我们学会去宽容别人吧！该放下时且放下，人与人能宽容相处，我们的生活将更加美好。

Let's learn to forgive others! When it's time to let go and let go, people can get along with each other, and our life will be better.