春节的起源

春节和年的概念，最初的含意来自农业，古时人们把谷的生长周期称为“年”，《说文。禾部》：“年，谷熟也：。在夏商时代产生了夏历，以月亮圆缺的周期为月，一年划分为十二个月，每月以不见月亮的那天为朔，正月朔日的子时称为岁首，即一年的开始，也叫年，年的名称是从周朝开始的，至了西汉才正式固定下来，一直延续到今天。但古时的正月初一被称为“元旦”，直到中国近代辛亥革命胜利后，南京临时政府为了顺应农时和便于统计，规定在民间使用夏历，在政府机关、厂矿、学校和团体中实行公历，以公历的元月一日为元旦，农历的正月初一称春节。

The concept of Spring Festival and new year originally came from agriculture. In ancient times, people called the growth cycle of grain "year". He Bu: "in the year of, Gu Shuo also:. In the Xia and Shang Dynasties, there was a lunar calendar. The period of the moon's round and missing is the month. A year is divided into twelve months. The new moon is the day when the moon is not seen. The new moon's sub hour is called the beginning of the year, also called the year. The name of the year begins from the Zhou Dynasty and is not formally fixed until the Western Han Dynasty, and continues to this day. However, the first day of the first lunar month in ancient times was called "New Year's Day". Until the victory of the 1911 Revolution in modern China, in order to conform to the agricultural time and facilitate statistics, the Nanjing provisional government stipulated that the Chinese calendar should be used in the folk, and implemented in government organs, factories, mines, schools and organizations. The first day of the first lunar month in the Gregorian calendar was called the new year's day, and the first day of the first lunar month in the lunar calendar was called the Spring Festival.

1949年9月27日，新中国成立，在中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议上，通过了使用世界上通用的公历纪元，把公历的元月一日定为元旦，俗称阳历年；农历正月初一通常都在立春前后，因而把农历正月初一定为“春节”，俗称阴历年。

On September 27, 1949, new China was founded. At the first plenary session of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, the new year's day of the Gregorian calendar, commonly known as the lunar year, was adopted. The first day of the first lunar month is usually around the beginning of spring, so the first day of the first lunar month is called "Spring Festival", commonly known as the lunar year.

传统意义上的春节是指从腊月初八的腊祭或腊月二十三的祭灶，一直到正月十五，其中以除夕和正月初一为高潮。在春节这一传统节日期间，我国的汉族和大多数少数民族都有要举行各种庆祝活动，这些活动大多以祭祀神佛、祭奠祖先、除旧布新、迎禧接福、祈求丰年为主要内容。活动形式丰富多彩，带有浓郁的民族特色。

The traditional meaning of the Spring Festival is from the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month or the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month to the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, with the new year's Eve and the first day of the first lunar month as the climax. During the traditional festival of Spring Festival, the Han nationality and most ethnic minorities in China have to hold various celebrations, most of which mainly include the sacrifice of gods and Buddhas, ancestor worship, the removal of the old and the establishment of the new, the reception of the new, and the praying for a good year. The activity forms are rich and colorful, with rich national characteristics.