人类起源

正是达尔文，恩格斯的阐述，使人们完全突破了封建礼念的的束缚，使人们在百余年来不断在科技领域中探寻人类起源的奥秘。

It was Darwin and Engels' exposition that made people completely break through the shackles of feudal rituals, and made people continuously explore the mystery of human origin in the field of science and technology for more than 100 years.

其中，最为人们所接受的人类起源的推认有以下几种：

Among them, the most accepted assumptions of human origin are as follows:

一是人类由灵长类动物净化而来。

One is that humans are purified from primates.

1960年，英国人类学教授爱利斯特。哈代爵士推出了一种新的假说，他认为化石空白时期（在距今400-800万年前的这一时期的化石资料几乎空白）的人类祖先，不是生活在陆上，而是生活在海中；在人类进化使中，存在着几百万年的水生海猿阶段，这一阶段在人类身上至今留下许多“痕迹”--解剖身生理学方面的特征，这些特征在别的陆地灵长类动物身上是没有的，而在海豹、海啄等水生动物身上却同样存在。例如：所有灵长类动物体表都有浓密的毛发，唯独人类和水兽一样，皮肤裸露；灵长类动物都没有皮下脂肪，而人类却有水兽那样厚厚的皮下脂肪。人类胎儿的胎毛着生位置，明显不同于别的灵长类动物，而与水兽接近。人类汗腺分泌泪液，排出盐分的生理现象，也是水兽的特征，在灵长类动物中是决无仅有的。哈代指出：地质史表明，400--800万年前，在非洲的东部和北部，曾今有大片地区被海水淹没。海水分割了生活在那儿的古猿群，迫使其中的一部分下海生活，进化成为海猿。几百万年以后，海水退却，已经适应水生生活的海猿，从返陆地，它就是人类的祖先。海猿历经沧桑。在水生生活中进化出两足直立，控制呼吸等本领，为以后的直立行走，解放双手，发展语言交流等重大进化步骤创造了条件。这使得他们“得天独厚”，超越了其他猿类，进化成为地球上最高等的智慧动物。

In 1960, elist, a professor of anthropology in England. Sir hardy put forward a new hypothesis. He thought that the human ancestors in the fossil blank period (the fossil data in this period is almost blank from 4-8 million years ago) lived not on land, but in the sea; in the human evolution, there were several million years of aquatic ape stage, which has left many "traces" in human body up to now -- autopsy In terms of physical characteristics, these characteristics are not found in other land primates, but also in seals, sea Peckers and other aquatic animals. For example: all primates have thick hair on the body surface, only humans and water animals have naked skin; primates do not have subcutaneous fat, while humans have subcutaneous fat as thick as water animals. The location of fetal hair of human fetus is obviously different from other primates, but close to water animals. The physiological phenomenon that human sweat glands secrete tears and excrete salt is also the characteristic of water animals, which is unique in primates. Hardy pointed out: geological history shows that 400--800 million years ago, in the East and north of Africa, there were large areas that were submerged by sea water. The sea divided the ancient apes that lived there, forcing some of them to go to the sea to live and evolve into apes. Millions of years later, the sea retreated, and the ape, who had adapted to the aquatic life, was the ancestor of human beings from returning to the land. The sea ape has gone through many vicissitudes. The ability of bipedal upright and breathing control has been developed in aquatic life, which has created conditions for the following major evolutionary steps, such as upright walking, hands liberation, and language communication development. This makes them "unique", surpassing other apes and evolving into the highest intelligent animal on earth.

二是人类是从海洋生物进化来的。

Second, human beings evolved from marine organisms.

把不同动物的生理特征进行比较，可以看出他们之间亲缘关系的远近，这是比较生理学的研究方法。澳大利亚墨尔本大学的生物学爱彼立克？丹通教授，研究了人类和其他哺乳动物控制体内盐平衡的生理机制。他发现，在这一方面，人类也与所有的陆生哺乳动物不同，而与水兽相似。

By comparing the physiological characteristics of different animals, we can see the distance between them, which is the research method of comparative physiology. Biology of the University of Melbourne, Australia? Professor Danton, studied the physiological mechanism of controlling salt balance in human and other mammals. In this respect, he found, humans are also different from all terrestrial mammals and similar to water animals.

还有专家指出，人类的潜水生理相当出色，在古代猿人生活的地方，人们发现一种有名的古迹：史前贝冢。贝冢是一堆堆的贝壳，这是史前古人采食贝类动物的证据。1983年，英国科学家爱尔默和戈顿在发现直立猿人的非洲坦拉、阿玛塔等地，研究了那儿的古代贝冢，发现这些贝冢都是生活在深海中的种类，如牡、贻贝等。得掌握屏息潜水的技术，才能采集到这些贝类。很明显，这些猿人具有出色的潜水本领，这在灵长类动物也是绝无仅有的。人类是天生的潜水家，他们屏息潜水的时间远远超过其他陆地生物。人类在潜水时，体内会产生一种潜水反映：肌肉收缩，全身动脉血流量减少，呼吸暂停，心跳也变得缓慢。这种反应和海豹、潜鸭等水生动物潜水的反应十分相似。潜水反应不是条件反射，而是由大脑高级中枢加以控制的。这种控制同时也有意识地控制着呼吸，对呼吸的精确控制调节是人类发展语言的基础，没有这种在海猿阶段形成的控制呼吸能力，人类不可能发展如此复杂的发声方法。

Some experts also pointed out that the diving physiology of human beings is quite excellent. In the ancient place where ape people lived, people found a famous historic site: Prehistoric Beizhong. The mound is a pile of shells, which is the evidence that prehistoric people ate shellfish. In 1983, British scientists Elmer and Gordon studied the ancient tombs in TANLA, Amata and other places where Homo erectus was found. They found that these tombs are all kinds of deep-sea life, such as tree, mussel and so on. We have to master the technique of breath holding diving to collect these shellfish. Obviously, these apes have excellent diving skills, which is unique in primates. Humans are born divers, and they spend much more time in breathless diving than other land creatures. When diving, human body will produce a diving reaction: muscle contraction, decreased blood flow of systemic arteries, apnea, and slow heartbeat. This kind of reaction is very similar to that of diving of aquatic animals such as seals and diving ducks. The diving response is not conditioned, but controlled by the brain's superior center. This kind of control also controls breath consciously. The precise control and regulation of breath is the basis of human language development. Without the ability of controlling breath formed in the stage of ape, it is impossible for human beings to develop such a complex vocal method.

三是人类由天外起源。

The third is the origin of human beings.

这些年来，一系列发现又重新唤起了人们对生命天外来源说的热情。首先是人们注意到，地球上的生命尽管种类庞杂，但他却具有一个模式，具有相似的细胞结构，都由同样的核核酸组成遗传物质，由蛋白质构成活体。这就使人不能不问，如果生命真是在地球上由无机物进化而来，为什么不会产生多种的生命模式？其次，还有人注意到，稀有金属钼在地球生命的生理活动中，具有重要的作用。然而钼在地壳上的含量却很低，仅为0。0002%，这也使人不禁要问，为什么一个如此稀少的元素会对生命具有如此重要的意义？会不会地球上的生命本源于富钼的其他天体里？第三，人们还不断地从天外坠落的石陨中发现有起源于星际空间的有机物，其中包括构成地球生命的全部基本要素。与此同时，人们也发现在宇宙的许多地方存在着有机分子云。这使许多人深信，生命绝不仅仅为地球所垄断。再者，一些人还注意到，地球上有些传染病，如流行性感冒，常周期性地在全球蔓延。而其蔓延周期竟与某些彗星的回归周期吻合。于是这使他们有理由怀疑，会不会有些传染疫苗来自彗星？如是，则人是天外来客了。

Over the years, a series of discoveries have revived people's enthusiasm for the theory of extraterrestrial sources of life. First of all, people have noticed that although the life on earth is of a large variety, it has a pattern with similar cell structure, which is composed of the same nuclear nucleic acid as the genetic material, and the protein as the living body. This makes it necessary to ask why there are not many life patterns if life is really evolved from inorganic substances on the earth? Secondly, it has been noted that the rare metal molybdenum plays an important role in the physiological activities of life on earth. However, the content of molybdenum in the crust is very low, only 0. 0002%, which makes people wonder why such a rare element is so important to life? Will life on earth originate from other molybdenum rich celestial bodies? Thirdly, the organic matter originated from the interstellar space, including all the basic elements of life on earth, has been found in the falling meteorites. At the same time, it is also found that there are organic molecular clouds in many parts of the universe. This convinced many that life is not just monopolized by the earth. Moreover, some people have noticed that some infectious diseases on earth, such as influenza, often spread around the world periodically. And its spreading period coincides with the return period of some comets. So they have reason to wonder if some of the infectious vaccines come from comets? If so, then people come from outside.

人的起源这是一个自古以来最为人们关注的课题，并与宇宙的起源、地球的起源并列为三大起源之谜。

The origin of human being is the most concerned topic since ancient times, and it is one of the three origin mysteries in parallel with the origin of the universe and the origin of the earth.

那么，人类到底是由灵长类、海洋生物还是天外起源的呢？直到今天，仍没有一位科学家能证据确凿地肯定或否认过任何一种论断，这依然是困惑人类的最大的难题之一。

So, are humans originated from primates, marine life or extraterrestrial? To this day, no scientist has ever been able to confirm or deny any kind of judgment, which is still one of the biggest puzzles for human beings.