美军最先进反潜机抵达日本 将在东海地区进行监察飞行

The U.S. Navy's first two advanced P-8A Poseidon patrol aircraft have arrived in Japan, U.S. military officials said on Monday, helping to upgrade America's ability to hunt submarines and other vessels in seas close to China as tension in the region mounts.

The initial deployment - another four of the aircraft are due to arrive in the coming days - was planned before China last month established an air defense identification zone covering islands controlled by Japan and claimed by Beijing.

The Pentagon says it is routinely flying operations in the region, including in China's newly declared air defense zone, without informing Beijing ahead of time.

One U.S. defense official, speaking on condition of anonymity, told Reuters these routine operations include surveillance flights.

The deployment of the P-8As came before U.S. Vice President Joe Biden left for Asia this week, where he is seeking to strike a balance between calming military tensions with China and supporting Japan as it wrangles with Beijing over the islands.

Equipped with the latest radar equipment and armed with torpedoes and anti-ship missiles, the P-8A is able to fly further and stay out on a mission longer than the P-3.

"The P-8A is the most advanced long-range anti-submarine and anti-surface warfare aircraft in the world," the Pentagon said.

Lieutenant Colonel Jeffrey Pool, a Pentagon spokesman, said the first two P-8As arrived in Japan on Sunday. The other four were expected to arrive there later this week, a Navy spokeswoman said.

One U.S. official, speaking on condition of anonymity, acknowledged the deployment came at a moment of region tensions. The official said the timing was a coincidence, but one that would bolster the U.S. military's efforts to monitor the maritime environment in the region.

That includes the area around the disputed islands, known to the Japanese as the Senkakus and to the Chinese as the Daioyu, the official said.

Washington takes no position on the sovereignty of the islands. However, it recognizes Tokyo's administrative control and says the U.S.-Japan security pact applies to them, a stance that could drag the United States into a military conflict it would prefer to avoid.

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日本防卫省上月底透露，美军将在冲绳县嘉手纳基地部署6架P-8A“波塞顿”海上反潜巡逻机。据英国媒体报道，美国国防部12月2日表示，首批2架飞机现已部署到位，这将进一步提升美国海军在东海地区的反潜作战能力。

P-8A“波塞顿”海上反潜巡逻机，是美国波音公司在737客机的基础上升级改造而成，用于替代已服役近50年的P-3“奥利安”巡逻机。P-8A反潜巡逻机上装备有最先进的雷达设备以及鱼雷和反舰导弹，相较于P-3巡逻机，其飞行距离和执行任务时间均大为增加。

“P-8A是目前世界上最先进的远程反潜和反水面作战飞机。”美国国防部发言人杰弗里·普尔称，首批2架P-8A反潜巡逻机已在本月1日抵达日本冲绳县嘉手纳基地，预计其余4架会在本周晚些时候到位。

美国国防部称，这6架P-8A反潜巡逻机将在嘉手纳基地所处的东海地区执行常规飞行任务。据一位美国国防部官员透露，这些常规飞行任务包括在东海地区进行监察飞行。

本月23日，中国宣布划设东海防空识别区。由于东海识别区覆盖钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿海域，日美等国反应强烈，致使东海局势趋紧。

英国路透社指出，美国副总统约翰·拜登本周访亚，寻求找到缓和东海紧张局势的切入点和平衡点，而美军选择此时在该地区部署最先进的反潜巡逻机，或许还有其他含义。

一位美国政府官员也承认，美方的确是在一个地区局势紧张的“非常时刻”作出部署安排，“尽管是碰巧选择了这个时间点，但这一巧合却能极大提升美军对东海地区海事环境的监控能力”。