一、对形似词的考查。该类题目要求考生对四个拼写相似的选项做出辨认,并在句意的基础上做出选择。这就提醒考生在平时的学习中注意归纳大学英语词汇中的形似词,对比学习能使这些词汇记得更牢固。
1.The old gentleman was a very ___________ looking person,with grey hair and gold spectacles.
A.respectful B.respected
C.respective D.respectable
[译文]那位老先生看上去很体面,满头白发,戴着金边眼镜。
[解析]这四个词均是 respect的形容词形式,但意义不同。respectful恭敬的,表示尊敬的;respected被尊敬的;respective各自的,分别的;respectable可敬的,体面的。respectable looking意为看上去体面的,符合句意,应选D。
2.It will be safer to walk the streets because people will not need to carry large amounts of cash;virtually all financial will be conducted by computer.
A.transactions
B.transmissions
C.transitions
D.transformations
[译文]人们走在大街上会更安全,因为不必带大量的现金,实际上所有的金融交易都由电脑来进行。
[解析]transaction交易,业务,处理,financial transaction意为"金融交易",符合句意,应选A。transmission传送,传播,输送; transition转变,过渡;transformation改变。
二、对固定搭配和习惯用法的考查。比如考查某个介词与某个动词的搭配。有时不用联系句意,单看搭配就能做出选择。针对这类题目,考生在课堂上应认真听取老师讲解单词及结构的用法,课后认真复习。
3.The author of the report is well __________ with the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many years.
A.acquainted B.informed
C.accustomed D.known
[译文]报告的作者很熟悉医院的问题,因为他在那儿工作很多年了。
[解析]acquainted使熟悉,常与with搭配,符合题意应选A。informed通知,常与of搭配;accustomed习惯于,常与to搭配; known知道、了解,不与with连用。
4.There was once a town in this country where all life seemed to live in __________ with its surroundings.
A.coincidence B.harmony
C.uniform D.alliance
[译文]从前这个国家有一个城市,在那里所有生物和环境都十分和谐。
[解析]coincidence巧合;harmony协调一致,和谐,常用作in harmony with,符合题意,应选B。uniform制服,军装;alliance联盟,结合。
三、对近义词的考查。这类题目的四个选项意思相近,要求考生能清楚区分四个词的意思及用法,从而选出最符合题意的选项。
5.They stood gazing at the happy __________ of children playing in the park.
A.perspective B.view
C.landscape D.scene
[译文]他们站在那里看着孩子们在公园玩耍的欢乐场面。
[解析]perspective远景,景观;view景色,尤其指从某一个特定的地方看到的景色; landscape风景;scene某一个场面或场景,符合句意,应选D。
6.In the meantime,the question facing business is whether such research is __________ the costs.
A.worth B.worth of C.worthy D.worthwhile
[译文]同时,所面临的问题是这样一项研究是否值得这些花费。
[解析]worth值得,其后可直接跟名词或动名词,符合题意,应选A。worth of没有这种搭配;worthy后不能直接跟名词,须加of才行;worthwhile常用作定语或表语。如:This is a worthwhile experiment.这是一项值得做的实验。
四、纯粹考查对词汇的识记。这样的题目中四个选项常常是比较难记忆的词,做这样的题,首先要知道每个选项的意思,然后结合句意,不难选出正确答案。若有个别选项不认识或意思不确定,也可用排除法。
7.The doctors don't __________ that he will live much longer. A.articulate B.anticipate
C.manifest D.monitor
[译文]大夫们预计他不会活太久。
[解析]articulate清楚明白地说;antici- pate预料,期望。如:I didn't anticipate having to do the cooking myself.我没有料到我得亲自做饭。根据题意,应选B。manifest显示,表明;monitor监视,监察。
8.The law on drinking and driving is __________ stated.
A.extravagantly
B.empirically
C.exceptionally
D.explicitly
[译文]关于酒后开车法律规定得很明确。
[解析]extravagantly铺张浪费地;empirically经验地;exceptionally非常地,格外地; explicitly明白地,明确地,依据句意,应选D。
五、对由同一个动词或介词构成的短语的考查。由同一个动词或介词构成的短语很多,不可能每一个都要记住,但对于课本中学过的一定要记住。另外,可多读一些英文报刊、杂志等,扩大自己的视野,见得多,选对的可能性就大。
9.Under the present system,state enterprises must __________all profits to the govern- ment.
A.turn down B.turn up
C.turn out D.turn in
[译文]在现行制度下,国有企业必须将所有利润上交政府。
[解析]turn down拒绝,拒不理会;turn up出现,露面;turn out生产,证明;turn in上交,交还,符合题意,应选D。
10.Oil companies in the U.S.are already beginning to feel the pressure.Refinery workers and petroleum-equipment-manufacturing employees are being __________ .
A.laid out B.laid off
C.laid down D.laid aside
[译文]美国的石油公司已经开始感到压力。炼油工人和石油设备制造工人正在被解雇。
[解析]laid out计划,安排;laid off解雇。如:He has been laid off for 2 weeks.他已被解雇两周了。符合句意,应选B。laid down制定,规定;laid aside储存,留存。
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