交通运输部等10部门3日联合发布《关于鼓励和规范互联网租赁自行车发展的指导意见》,其中包括对用户注册使用实行实名制管理、为用户购买人身意外伤害险、禁止向未满12岁的儿童提供服务等内容。
The central government released a guideline on Thursday to encourage and regulate the booming bike-sharing industry, such as requiring real-name registration and barring services to children under 12.
中央政府3日发布了《关于鼓励和规范互联网租赁自行车发展的指导意见》,包括用户实名注册和禁止向未满12岁的儿童提供服务等内容。
《指导意见》指出,要科学确定共享单车发展定位,实施鼓励发展政策。共享单车是城市绿色交通系统(low-carbon transport network)的组成部分,是方便公众短距离出行和公共交通接驳换乘(meeting the public's need for "last mile" transportation)的交通服务方式。
虽然共享单车能够减轻城市交通压力(lessening urban transportation pressure),但是当前共享单车在发展过程中存在很多乱象。突出的问题包括乱停放(improper parking)和运营不善(poor operations)。《指导意见》指出,要加强停放管理和监督执法,对乱停乱放问题严重、经提醒仍不采取有效措施的运营企业,应公开通报相关问题,限制其投放。
针对乱停车问题,摩拜近日推出智能停车点(smart parking areas),引导和鼓励文明规范停车(proper parking)。规范停车的用户有可能获得免费骑行券等多种奖励。
自从去年以来,各种颜色的共享单车就像雨后春笋一样在各大城市街头冒出来,目前规模最大的三家是摩拜、小黄车和小蓝车(Mobike, Ofo and Bluegogo)。共享单车一般都要收取押金(deposit for registration),收费通常是1小时1元。
据交通运输部不完全统计,截至今年7月,全国共有共享单车运营企业近70家,累计投放车辆超过1600万辆,注册人数超过1.3亿人次,累计服务超过15亿人次。五颜六色的共享单车成为城市街头的一道风景,然而缺乏监管却带来了不少隐患。今年三月,上海一名11岁男童骑共享单车出车祸死亡。新发布的《指导意见》将禁止12岁以下的儿童在街上骑共享单车(ban children under 12 from riding bikes on the street)。
针对停车难的问题,《指导意见》提出,要完善自行车交通网络(improve the bike network),合理布局慢行交通网络和自行车停车设施(setting up parking areas for bikes),积极推进自行车道建设,优化自行车交通组织等。
针对用户资金及信息安全(safety of users' personal information and deposits)等问题,《指导意见》鼓励采用免押金方式提供租赁服务,企业已收取押金或者预付资金的,要在注册地设立专用账户,实行专款专用,完善退还制度,接受交通、金融等主管部门监管。
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