2017年,国家海洋局执行了史上最严的围填海管控力度。据悉,今年国家海洋局原则上不再审批一般性填海项目。

图片 China won’t approve new commercial land-reclamation projects in 2018, amid rising concerns that such projects have led to severe damage of the marine ecosystem.
因围填海项目导致海洋生态系统受到严重破坏,持续引发关注,2018年,我国将不再审批新的商业填海项目。
填海(land reclamation/land fill)是指因为土地使用出现紧张或者因需配合规划等原因而需要将海岸线向前推,用人工建设的方式扩充土地面积。通过填海的方式获得的土地被称为reclamation ground(新填地)。
2017年下半年,国家海洋局组建了两批国家海洋督察组开展以围填海专项督察为重点的海洋督察( teams to inspect land reclamation practices)。海南“向海要地”(claiming land from the sea)严重,海域岸线破坏明显(severe damage to coastline),被督察组点名批评,山东、浙江等省也存在类似问题。
2017年国家海洋局执行了“史上最严”的围填海管控力度,包括实施了6个暂停措施,其中在渤海实施了4个暂停措施,即暂停围填海建设项目用海的受理和审批(suspending acceptance and approval of land-reclamation projects)、暂停区域建设用海规划的受理和审批(suspending acceptance and approval of regional land-reclamation plan)、暂停围填海建设项目用海指标的下达(suspending issuance of land-reclamation quotas)、暂停临时倾倒区的选划(suspending designation of temporary filling area)。另外,针对地方和全国范围内实行“两个暂停”,即暂停下达2017年地方围填海计划指标(suspending issuance of regional land-reclamation quotas),暂停审批和受理全国范围内区域用海规划(suspending acceptance and approval of regional land-reclamation plans nationwide)。
2018年,国家海洋局原则上不再审批一般性填海项目,年度围填海指标主要用于保障党中央、国务院批准同意的重大建设项目、公共基础设施、公益事业和国防建设等4类用海(major projects approved by the State Council, infrastructure construction, public service and national defense),坚持以海定量、量海而行,禁止不合理需求用海。
【相关词汇】
海洋生态系统 marine ecosystem
沿海栖息地 coastal habitats
荒地复垦 reclamation of barren land
耕地流失 loss of arable land
退耕还林还草 turning reclaimed farmland into forests and grasslands
退牧还草 turning grazing land into grasslands
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