兵马俑美国展出被盗走拇指！博物馆里办派对安保漏洞引争议

这几天，一则中国兵马俑在美国展出时拇指被盗的资讯引发中外媒体关注。

据《今日美国》当地时间2月15日报道，美国联邦调查局宣称，去年12月21日，来自美国特拉华州的24岁青年迈克·罗哈纳从该国一博物馆展出的兵马俑上折断并盗走一根拇指。

The statue of a cavalryman, which dates back to at least 209 BC, is one of 10 Chinese Terracotta Warrior statues now on display at the Franklin Institute in Pennsylvania. The exhibit will run through March 4.

兵马俑的历史至少可以追溯到公元前209年，这尊兵马俑是目前在宾夕法尼亚州富兰克林科学博物馆展出的10尊中国兵马俑之一。该展览将持续到3月4日。

文物出国展览是国际文化交流的重要形式之一。近年来，文博机构文物出国展览的数量不断增多。通过举办这样的展览，实际上是为宣传自己、了解别人打开了一扇窗户。

The Shaanxi Cultural Heritage Promotion Center said it has organized more than 260 overseas exhibitions in the past 40 years and has never before come across such a situation.

陕西省文物交流中心表示，过去40年内，他们共举办了260多场海外展览，此前从未遇到过这种情况。

兵马俑这样的世界级文物在海外展出时，安保为何如此脆弱？罗哈纳又是如何潜入展区，实施盗窃的呢？

博物馆里办派对 安保漏洞引争议

According to court documents, Rohana was attending an Ugly Sweater Party at the Franklin Institute on December 21 when he made his way into the Terracotta Warriors exhibit, which was then closed.

据法庭文件陈述，罗哈纳12月21日参加了富兰克林科学博物馆的“丑毛衣派对”，他就是在派对期间进入当时已经关闭的兵马俑展厅。

事实上，在美国，由于面临营收压力，博物馆常常对外出租展厅以获得收入，展厅便经常成为派对、聚会的场所。由于在参与派对的同时，人们还能欣赏展出的文物，博物馆的娱乐活动受到了一些人的欢迎。

Rohana allegedly used a mobile phone as a torch and took a selfie with one of the warriors, according to Chinese state media Xinhua, quoting the FBI.

据新华社报道，美国联邦调查局称，罗哈纳把手机当手电筒照明，和其中一尊兵马俑自拍。

He then allegedly put his hand on the left hand of the statue and appeared to break something off from it. He pocketed the item and left.

随后，他将手放在这尊雕塑的左手上，似乎从上面弄掉了什么东西。他将其装在衣兜里带走了。

Museum staff noticed the missing thumb on January 8 and the FBI later traced it to Rohana. He later admitted that he had kept the thumb in a desk drawer.

1月8日，博物馆工作人员发现兵马俑的拇指被盗，美国联邦调查局随后追查到罗哈纳。他之后承认自己将拇指放在书桌抽屉中。

Rohana was charged last week with theft and concealment of an artwork, and interstate transportation of stolen property, according to the New York Times. He was released on $15,000 bail.

据《纽约时报》报道，罗哈纳上周因盗窃、隐藏文物以及跨州运送窃取所得财物的罪名被起诉。他以15000美元（约合人民币95000元）保释金获释。

虽然被盗兵马俑拇指已经找回，涉事男子迈克•罗哈纳也面临审判。但其间暴露出的博物馆安保漏洞令人震惊。特殊展品缺乏相应的保护措施。而博物馆工作人员在兵马俑拇指被盗18天之后方才察觉。

富兰克林科学博物馆承认在安保上出现严重漏洞，并为此表示歉意。

中方要求依法严惩肇事者

On Monday, the director of the Shaanxi Cultural Heritage Promotion Centre, the government-run organization which loaned the statues out, "strongly condemned" the Franklin Institute for being "careless" with the statues, CCTV reported.

据中央电视台报道，负责兵马俑借展的官办组织陕西省文物交流中心负责人吴海云2月19日对富兰克林科学博物馆的“粗心大意”表示强烈谴责。

"We ask that the US severely punish the perpetrator. We have lodged a serious protest with them," said Wu Haiyun.

吴海云称：“我们已经向美方提出强烈抗议，要求美国严惩肇事者。”

Wu said the centre would be sending two experts to the US to assess the damage and repair the statue with the recovered thumb. There would be a claim for compensation, he added.

吴海云表示，陕西省文物交流中心将派两名专家前往美国评估受损情况，并修复受损兵马俑的拇指。他还称，将提出索赔要求。

Wang Dongfeng, a cultural relics repair expert at the Emperor Qinshihuang's Mausoleum Site Museum in Shaanxi, said it takes at least three to five months to restore a Terracotta Warrior because the process is complicated.

陕西秦始皇兵马俑博物馆文物修复专家王东峰表示，由于工艺复杂，要想修复一尊兵马俑至少需要3至5个月的时间。