美国共和党抵制对投资所得增税

Republicans in the House of Representatives are fighting tax increases on capital gains and dividends, ruling out investment income as an acceptable source of additional revenue in increasingly urgent talks to avert the US fiscal cliff.

美国众议院共和党人坚决拒绝对资本利得和股息增税，在日益紧迫的避免美国财政悬崖的谈判中，排除将投资所得作为额外财政收入的来源。

The debate on investment income highlights the difficulty in finding common ground, with less than a month to go before the US economy is otherwise walloped by a $600bn mix of annual spending cuts and tax rises that could tip it back into recession.

有关投资所得的辩论凸显出两党寻求共同立场的难度。如果两党不能在不到一个月的时间里解决该问题，美国经济将面临每年6000亿美元减支和增税的沉重打击，还可能重新陷入衰退。

“We are opposed to raising rates on investment income, one senior aide to House Republican leaders told the Financial Times, narrowing the window for compromise with Democrats and President Barack Obama.

众议院共和党领袖的一位资深助理对英国《金融时报》表示：“我们反对提高针对投资所得的税率。这一立场降低了共和党与民主党以及巴拉克·奥巴马(Barack Obama)总统达成妥协的可能性。

The part of the negotiations relating to capital gains and dividends, currently taxed at 15 per cent, is being watched closely on Wall Street, where anxiety is growing about the possibility of a tax rise.

两党谈判中有关资本利得与股息（目前税率为15%）的部分受到了华尔街的密切关注，各方对增税的可能性日益焦虑。

Walmart and Oracle have issued early dividend payments and others such as Costco are making special payouts.

沃尔玛(Walmart)和甲骨文(Oracle)提前发放了股息，好市多(Costco)则支付了特别股息。

In addition, Robert Greifeld, chief executive of Nasdaq OMX, is preparing to sell up to 1m stock options in the global exchange operator, according to a securities filing.

除此之外，证券申报文件显示，纳斯达克OMX(Nasdaq OMX)首席执行官罗伯特·格雷菲尔德(Robert Greifeld)计划出售该公司至多100万份股票期权。

The president wants to raise nearly $250bn over the next decade from raising rates on capital gains and dividends as part of an opening bid last week for new revenue of $1.6tn.

奥巴马上周率先提出了增税1.6万亿美元的方案，希望通过提高资本利得以及股息税率，在未来10年里增加近2500亿美元财政收入。

A counter-offer from John Boehner, the Republican House speaker, featured $800bn in new revenue.

而根据美国众议院共和党议长约翰·博纳(John Boehner)随后提出的预算方案，增税幅度仅为8000亿美元。

But Republicans have said this money should come from curbing deductions and tax breaks rather than ending Bush-era tax cuts on ordinary income for the rich.

但共和党人表示，新增税收将主要来自限制税收减免额度，而非终止布什时代出台的针对富人一般所得的减税措施。

A compromise could conceivably lead to a modest rise in capital gains and dividend taxes.

如果两党能够达成妥协，资本利得与股息税率料将小幅上升。

But if no deal is reached, the impact could be much greater, with tax rates rising to 23.8 per cent on capital gains and 43.4 per cent on dividends.

但若两党未能达成协议，其影响将远不止于此，资本利得以及股息税率将分别上升至23.8%和43.4%。

The tough line by House Republican leaders is in contrast to a greater openness by other Republicans, especially in the Senate, to higher taxes on capital gains and dividends.

相对于众议院共和党领袖们的强硬立场，其他共和党人（尤其是在参议院）对于上调资本利得及股息税率抱有更加开放的心态。

“Capital gains and dividend income have been?.?.?.?taxed at a lower rate because it is believed to be a stimulus for investment and increasing economic vitality and jobs, Tom Price, a senior congressman from Georgia and chairman of the Republican policy committee, told the FT.

佐治亚州资深国会议员、共和党政策委员会主席汤姆·普莱斯(Tom Price)对英国《金融时报》表示：“资本利得以及股息收入的税率水平一直较低，因为低税率被认为有助于刺激投资，增强经济活力，增加就业。