余光中先生在台湾大学讲授 金庸语言生动,刻画能力极强,写景状物,讲述故事,如在眼前,如见其人。一个人物,一种性格,一种语言,绝对不会含糊不清。全真派丘处机文武双全,他的话语文雅中透着豪迈之气。
第五回弯弓射雕中丘处机给江南七怪的信中这样写道:江南一别,忽忽十有六载。七侠千金一诺,间关万里,云天高义,海内同钦..... 二载之后,江南花盛草长之日,当与诸公置酒高会醉仙楼头也。人生如露,大梦一十八年,天下豪杰岂不笑我辈痴绝哉?
Anna Holmwood 译文:It has been sixteen years now since we left the south and the moons have come and gone so quickly. The Seven Heroes are honorable fighters and people of their word, your righteousness and integrity are awe-inspiring...... In another two years, when the flowers are blooming and the grass of the south are swaying in the wind, we will meet and drink at the Garden of the Eight Drunken Immortals. Life passes like the dying morning dew and these sixteen years have been like a dream. Do the brave heroes of the Wulin laugh at our foolishness?
中文是典型的书信体裁,流畅典雅,一气呵成,丘处机豪迈之气,跃然纸上。Anna Holmwood的译文忠实原意,直白畅晓,节奏明快,也不乏武林豪气。
武侠小说的背景是江湖。“江湖”两个字,即便用汉语解释,也不是一件容易的事情。现在外国人逐渐理解和接受了“风水”的直译Feng Shui, wind and water,但是肯定理解不了river and lake。小说中的江湖,是一个既现实又神秘的世界,江湖中的语言也就各不相同,那些“切口”、“黑话”,对 小说第四回中梅超风中了江南七怪的伏击,双目被柯镇恶的毒菱所伤, 她扶住大树,对陈玄风叫道:“我一对招子让他们毁了。贼汉子,这七个狗贼只要逃了一个,我跟你拼命。”
Anna Holmwood译文: “They blinded me!” Cyclone Mei growled from where she was slumped against a tree. “Bastard Husband of mine, if you let even one of these scoundrels go, I will kill you myself.”
“毁了一对招子”译成 “They blinded me”,忠实于原意,但毕竟缺少了江湖气,不像是出自梅超风之口。可是,如果不这么译,又能如何呢?难不成还能把这句话译成“They broke the windows to my soul”(他们毁了我心灵的小窗户)?果真如此,就等于将黑风双煞译成罗密欧与朱丽叶了,想想都要笑出声来。 以我的学识,真的不知道英语中是否有与“招子”对应的黑话。
另外,“贼汉子”(Bastard Husband of mine)一词也颇具中国特色。中国的女人,越是喜爱自己的男人,在称呼上下口越狠,什么“贼汉子”啦,“冤家”啦,甚至还有称自己的爱人“杀千刀的”!当然,这种称呼只限于自己的爱人,绝不能涉及别人的老公。如果一个中国女人告诉一个美国人:“That man who deserves a thousand knife stabs is my husband”, 那个美国人要么选择报警,要么当场昏倒。黑风双煞是武林中邪派人物,就是这么任性地称呼;Anna Holmwood 是忠实的译者,就是这么任性地 读金庸是一种乐趣,换一种语言读金庸是另外一种乐趣,只要我们怀着欣赏和学习的心去读,就会体会到乐趣,就会有所收获。我很喜欢Anna Holmwood在译本前言中的一句话:“So, dear readers, all that is left is to enter through these pages into a universe at once fantastical and based on real historical events, one both foreign and intimately familiar, a story full of heart and of remarkable physical prowess.” 说得太好了。壮士豪情,英雄肝胆,江湖风雨,历史波澜,武侠小说中该有的,金庸都给了我们。
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