有人用无人机送戒指求婚,电商要用无人机送货,各类无人机航拍设备成为玩家新宠。
随着无人机设备逐渐进入日常生活,考取无人机驾照也成了最近的流行趋势。
Drone is increasingly a popular item here in China and with it, more and more people are considering becoming certified.
无人机在国内成了时兴的物件,越来越多的人也开始考虑考个无人机驾照了。
Becoming a certified drone pilot is not easy. In some cases it can cost a maximum of 27,000 yuan ($3,920) and requires two demanding tests involving knowledge of mathematics, physics and geography.
成为有证的无人机驾驶员可不容易。最高需要花费2.7万元,还需要考过两个很难的试,考试内容包括数学、物理和地理。
无人机驾照(drone certification)考试包括理论(theory test)和操作(operational test)两门考试。驾照分为普通驾驶员(pilot)和机长(pilot-in-command)两种,后者需要具备处理紧急状况的能力(being able to deal with emergencies),因此培训费用更高。
无人机学名全称为Unmanned Aerial Vehicle,简称UAV,在口语中一般称为drone。Drone原意为“雄蜂”或者“嗡嗡声”,后来为什么会成为“无人机”的简称,目前没有很确定的说法,有一个比较普遍被接受的说法是:英国皇家空军在上世纪三四十年代的时候研制了一些无人飞行器作为对空防御武器的训练打击目标(aerial targets for antiaircraft gunnery training)。1935年,皇家空军用新型的DH82B无人机取代了之前的B版Fairey Queen (简称Queen Bee),大概因为简称中有Bee(蜜蜂)这个单词,所以人们就开始用drone或者target drone来指代这些无人机,一方面可能是因为这些无人机都是像雄蜂一样听从指令,另一方面,可能也是因为它们会发出“嗡嗡的声音”。所以,drone这个叫法也算一举两得吧。
【这几种情况不用考无人机驾照】一般情况下,中国航空器拥有者及驾驶员协会(Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association,AOPA)对无人机驾驶员有“3个不管”:室内运行(if a drone is flown indoors)的不管,例如婚礼上用航模送个戒指;微型以下视距范围内7公斤以下无人机(if a drone weighs less than 7kg,视距500米、高120米以内)的不管,例如遥控玩具飞机;在人烟稀少、空旷的非人口稠密区进行试验的无人机(if a drone is flown in sparsely populated areas)不管。普通消费者想用微型无人机(pocket/selfie drone)给自己来张酷炫的“空中自拍”,也不必专门去考合格证。
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