福建省长泰一中2017届高考英语一轮复习单元精练：人教版必修1 Unit 1

　　能力演练

　　语法填空

　　专题训练（一）巧用派生词，做好语法填空

　　技巧点拨：

　　动词、介词、冠词、物主代词等词后一般接名词或动名词,如果所给单词是其它词类,就要将其改为名词,并注意名词数的变化。如果所给单词为动词，就需在原动词后加ing将其变为动名词。要将其它词类变为名词，需熟悉构成名词的后缀，对所给词做相应改变。

　　常用的名词后缀主要有：

　　动词+al /or /er

　　—名词 survive survival

　　动词+ment—名词 manage management

　　动词+ion /tion /sion—名词 express expression

　　invent invention

　　形容词+ness

　　—名词 crazy craziness

　　动词/形容词+

　　-th—名词 grow(v. 生长） growth(n. 生长)

　　ship结尾的名词 professor(n. 教授) Professorship(n.教授资格)

　　y结尾的名词 Honest (adj. 诚实的) honesty(n. 诚实)

　　如：

　　(1)His

　　carelessness

　　(careful) resulted in the terrible accident 

　　(2)He was one of the

　　visitors

　　(visit) who thought highly of Tom, their guide.

　　◆活学活用

　　（一）.用所给单词的适当形式填空。

　　I

　　hated(1)__________(wait) for

　　her

　　for

　　hours

　　without(2)______

　　(know) when on earth she would come. On her(3)__________(arrive),she would always hugged me, promising never to be late again. I used to stare at her in(4)__________(angry),telling her frankly that her(5) __________ (arrive)late made me angry and that I wanted to end our(6)__________ (relate).However, she never seemed to be(7)__ ________ (angrily).She told me that she always thought of me as one of her best(8)__________ (friendly)and if I left her, that would be a severe(9)_________(punish)to her. Finally we reached an(10)_________(agree)that we would still be good friends, but she mustn，t be late again.

　　答案：

　　(1)waiting

　　(2)knowing

　　(3)arrival

　　(4)anger

　　(5)arriving

　　(6)relation

　　(7)angry

　　(8)friends

　　(9)punishment

　　(10)agreement

　　（二）.在下文空格处填人一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，说出第1,4,6,7,10题的解题思路。

　　Each of us fails from time to time. If we are wise, we accept these(1)__________(fail)as a necessary part of the learning process. But all too often(2)__________ parents and teachers we do not allow our children to have the same right. We convey either by words(3)__________ by actions that failure is something to be ashamed of, and that nothing but top performance meets with our(4)__________(approve).

　　When I see a child subject to this kind of pressure, I think of Donnie. He was a shy, nervous perfectionist. His fear of failure(5)__________(keep)him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. He seldom answered questions for fear that he would be wrong. He seldom finished his work because he repeatedly checked with me to be sure he

　　hadn，t made a(6)__________(mistaken).I tried my best to build up his self-confidence. And I repeatedly asked God for(7)__________(direct).But nothing changed until midterm,(8)__________ Mary Anne, a young student teacher, was appointed to our classroom. She was young and pretty, and she loved children. Many students, Donnie(9)__________(include),adored her. With her(10)__________(encourage),Donnie became confident.

　　解析：(1)动词accept后接名词,前有these，名词需用复数形式failures。 (4)介词with后需接名词，所以答案为approval。

　　(6)冠词后用名词。所以答案为mistake。

　　(7)介词for后接名词，故填direction(ion是名词后缀)

　　(10)With后接名词,故填encouragement(V+ment变成名词)

　　答案：

　　(1)failures

　　(2)as

　　(3)or

　　(4)approval

　　(5)kept

　　(6)mistake

　　(7)direction

　　(8)when

　　(9)included

　　(10)encouragement

　　二、完形填空

　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　Stevenson and his family went to scotland for a holiday.One rainy morning,he took his wife and his son Lloyd out for a long walk over the hills.They had been

　　1

　　this for several days before the weather suddenly took a turn for the worse.Kept indoors by the heavy rain,Lloyd felt the days

　　2

　　.To keep the boy happy,Robert asked the boy to do some

　　3

　　.

　　One morning,the boy came to Robert with a beautiful map of an island.Robert

　　4

　　that the boy had drawn a large cross in the middle of

　　5

　　.“Whats that?”he asked.“Thats the

　　6

　　treasure,”said the boy.Robert suddenly

　　7

　　something of an adventure story in the boys

　　8

　　.While the rain was pouring,Robert sat down by the fire to write a story.He would make the

　　9

　　a twelveyearold boy,just like Lloyd.But who would be the pirate（海盗）？

　　Robert had a good friend named Henley,who walked around with the

　　10

　　of a wooden leg.Robert had always wanted to

　　11

　　such a man in a story.

　　12

　　Long John Silver,the pirate with a wooden leg,was

　　13

　　.

　　So,thanks to a

　　14

　　September in Scotland,a friend with a wooden leg,and the imagination of a twelveyearold boy,we have one of the greatest

　　15

　　stories in the English language.

　　1.A.attempting

　　B.missing

　　C.planning

　　D.enjoying

　　2.A.quiet

　　B.dull

　　C.busy

　　D.cold

　　3.A.cleaning

　　B.writing

　　C.drawing

　　D.exercising

　　4.A.doubted

　　B.noticed

　　C.decided

　　D.recognized

　　5.A.the sea

　　B.the house

　　C.Scotland

　　D.the island

　　6.A.forgotten

　　B.buried

　　C.discovered

　　D.unexpected

　　

　　7.A.saw

　　B.drew

　　C.made

　　D.learned

　　8.A.book

　　B.reply

　　C.picture

　　D.mind

　　9.A.star

　　B.hero

　　C.writer

　　D.child

　　10.A.help

　　B.problem

　　C.use

　　D.bottom

　　11.A.praise

　　B.produce

　　C.include

　　D.accept

　　12.A.Yet

　　B.Also

　　C.But

　　D.Thus

　　13.A.read

　　B.born

　　C.hired

　　D.written

　　14.A.rainy

　　B.sunny

　　C.cool

　　D.windy

　　15.A.news

　　B.love

　　C.reallife

　　D.adventure

　　1.解析:度假时，每天散散步，应该是享受生活。

　　答案：D

　　2.解析:下大雨，只能在室内，这样的日子对小男孩来说，当然是沉闷。

　　答案：B

　　3.解析:根据第四段第一句，这男孩画了一幅地图，故选C。

　　答案：C

　　4.解析:句意：罗伯特注意到小男孩在岛中央画了一个大大的十字。

　　答案：B

　　5.解析:本段第一句中a beautiful map of an island可知，是在岛的中央画了个十字。

　　答案：D

　　6.解析:句意：那是被埋藏的宝藏。

　　答案：B

　　7.解析:句意：罗伯特突然在男孩的图画中看到了冒险故事。see看懂，明白。

　　答案：A

　　8.解析:根据上文可知是画的画，故选C。

　　答案：C

　　9.解析:句意：他让像Lloyd这样一个12岁的男孩成了文中的主人公。

　　答案：B

　　10.解析:with the help of在……的帮助下。

　　答案：A

　　11.解析:句意：罗伯特一直想在某个故事里写进一个这样的人。include包括；praise赞扬；produce产生；accept接受。

　　答案：C

　　12.解析:Thus这样，因此；Yet然而；Also也；But然而，表转折。

　　答案：D

　　13.解析:句意：这个有着一条木腿的海盗诞生了。

　　答案：B

　　14.解析:由第三段中the heavy rain。可知此处用rainy。

　　答案：A

　　15.解析:由第四段an adventure story。可知此处用adventure。

　　答案：D

　　阅读理解

　　专题训练(一)

　　阅读中的猜词技巧(1)

　　定义释义法

　　

　　方法点拨：

　　释义指对陌生词的解释(解释性描述)，一般通过定义、定语从句、词组、同位语从句来体现。其表现形式为：用that is，in other words，or，mean，be called，refer to或连系动词to be等定义或重述形式来解释生词。 如∶

　　［例题1］： Anthropology

　　is the scientific study of man.

　　［例题2］： The

　　herdsman ,who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year.

　　［解析1］： 从解释 the scientific study of man可知anthropology的意思是 “人类学”。

　　［解析2］： 定语从句中looks after sheep就表明了herdsman的词义为“牧羊人”。

　　◆活学活用

　　

　　（一）利用上述方法，猜出下列各句划线词的意思。

　　1. Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.

　　2.They need to make their income meet the cost of living, so many people plan a family

　　budget .A budget is a list of monthly expenses.

　　3.Jane is

　　indecisive

　　,that is, she can，t make up her mind.

　　4.The modern age of medicine began with the

　　stethoscope ,an instrument for listening to patients， heartbeat and breathing.

　　5.Krabacber suffers from

　　SAD

　　,which is short for seasonal affective disorder, a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings.

　　6.They are

　　vertebrates, that is, animals that have back bones.

　　解析：

　　1.假定sociology是一个不认识的词，系动词be后面就给出了明确的定义。这样，我们便知道该词意思为“社会学”。

　　2.is后面是对第一句中划线单词的解释，给出了明确的定义，从定义上推测出单词budget的意思为“预算”。

　　3.由that is可知，后面是对indecisive的定义解释，由此可猜测出单词indecisive的意思为“优柔寡断的，没有决定能力的”。

　　4.此句中逗号(，)后的同位语an instrument for listening to patients heartbeat and breathing已经给出了划线单词的确切意思,stethoscope为“听诊器”。

　　5.从seasonal affective disorder, a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings 推出SAD的意思是 “季节性情绪紊乱症”。

　　6.从解释animals that have back bones 可知vertebrates的意思是 “脊椎动物”。

　　答案：

　　1.社会学

　　2.预算

　　3.优柔寡断的,没有决策能力的

　　4.听诊器

　　5.季节性情绪紊乱症

　　6.脊椎动物

　　（二）阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务。

　　(全国高考Ⅰ卷）

　　We have met the enemy, and he is ours. We bought him at a pet shop. When monkey-pox, a disease usually found in the African rain forest, suddenly turns up in children in the American Midwest, it，s hard not to wonder if the disease that comes from foreign animals is homing or on human beings.“Most of the infections we think of as human infections started in other animals,” says Morse, director of the Center for Public Health Preparedness at Columbia University.

　　It，s not just that we，re going to where the animals are, we，re also bringing them closer to us. Popular foreign pets have brought a whole new disease to this country. A strange illness killed Isaksen，s pets, and she now thinks that keeping foreign pets is a bad idea.“I don，t think it，s fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them,” says Isaken.“Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without stricter control need changing,” says Peter Schantz. Monkey-pox may be the

　　wake-up call .Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners. We know very little about these new diseases. A new

　　bug may be kind at first. But it may develop into something harmful. Monkey-pox doesn，t look a major infectious disease. But it is not impossible to pass the disease from person to person.

　　Ⅰ、根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要。

　　______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　答案：

　　The text tells us that keeping pets from foreign forest without necessary knowledge of the animals may be dangerous because they may bring some unknown infectious disease to harm our health. (31 words)

　　Ⅱ、根据所读短文，选择正确答案。

　　1.What dose the word“monkey-pox”mean?

　　A. a container to keep monkeys.

　　B. a medicine for a monkey disease

　　C. an infectious disease

　　D. a popular foreign pet

　　2.What does the phrase “the wake-up call”most probably mean?

　　A. a new disease

　　B. a clear warning

　　C. a dangerous animal

　　D. a morning call

　　3.What does the word “bug” mean?

　　A. an infectious disease

　　B. a virus

　　C. a pet

　　D. a disease in African forest

　　4. Why did Isaksen advise people not to have foreign pets?

　　A. They attack human beings.

　　B. We need to study native animals.

　　C. They can，t live out of the rain forest.

　　D. We don，t know much about them.

　　5. The text suggests that in the future we __________.

　　A. may have to fight against more new diseases

　　B. may easily get infected with diseases from dogs

　　C. should not be allowed to have pets

　　D. should stop buying pets from Africa

　　解析： 

　　1. 词义猜测题。从a disease usually found in the African rain forest得知答案。

　　2.词义猜测题。从下文得知，受到感染的动物会将疾病传给它们的主人，导致疾病在人群中蔓延，所以monkeypox对于人们起到警示作用。3.词义猜测题。下文说到“bug”会发展为有害的东西，推知应是“病毒”之意。

　　4.细节理解题。从I don，t think it，s fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them得知答案。

　　5.推理判断题。根据最后一段第三行可知：人类将来会面临更多疾病的挑战。

　　答案：

　　1-5 CBBDA