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2017届高考英语二轮复习精品课件(大纲版)第2模块 完形填空 专题1 记叙文型完形填空

发布时间:2017-04-21  编辑:查字典英语网小编

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  3.C 句意:我不想改变我所做的。change改变;continue继续;choose选择;lose遗失,错过。根据第二段第一句和第三段第二句可知,戴安娜曾经在哥伦比亚开一家商店,而且是一位设计师,她在加拿大不想改变她在家时所从事的一切。所以正确答案为C项。

  4.B 她决定在加拿大开一个商店。

  5.B 在加拿大开商店需要做好准备。“prepare oneself properly”意为“使自己为……做好准备”。

  6.A 戴安娜意识到使梦想变为现实就意味着要获得必要的教育和证书。“reality现实”与 “dream梦想” 对应, 本题要避免误选“fact事实”。

  7.D 根据上下文,此处应填“必要的”。

  8.D 在哥伦比亚拥有一家商店和从事设计的经历使戴安娜对自己的能力充满信心。

  9.C 虽然有经验,但是在加拿大这个陌生的地方戴安娜还得学习如何处理事情。

  10.B 从上文可知戴安娜需要学习语言,还要学习如何处理事情,就好像一切都要重新开始。

  11.C 根据下文,戴安娜获得重新开张所需的帮助,可知她是幸运的。

  12.A 根据下文,戴安娜是在大学继续教育期间得到所需的帮助,因此应选through。

  13.D 戴安娜在2009年5月开始学习有关的课程。take courses 学习课程。

  14.A 虽然戴安娜遇到语言障碍,但是在大学学习时她总是勇往直前,从不后退。

  15.C go ahead前进。

  16.B 在她到加拿大两年之后,戴安娜实现了她最初的目标。

  17.A original 原来的;common 常见的;distant 远的。

  18.A 综前所述,戴安娜尽最大的努力和用最快的速度实现自己的梦想,所以她处在成功的快车道。

  19.D 回想往事,戴安娜把自己的成功归功于自己所设的目标。owe…to 归功于。

  20.B 戴安娜认为努力是最重要的。above all 最重要的是。

  (一)

  A little boy knocked on the door of the old house. He waited, and sweated from

  __1__

  of seeing the owner, who

  __2__

  ever came out. As he was ready to

  __3__, the door slowly opened.

  “What do you want?” the old man asked.

  新题预测

  “Uh, sir, I'm

  __4__

  magazines for school and I was

  __5__

  if you would like to buy

  __6__.” The old man only

  __7__

  at the boy. Meanwhile, the boy saw many dog figurines(小雕像) inside the house. “Do you

  __8__

  dogs?” he asked. “Yes, I have many dog figurines in my house; they are all I have.” The boy then felt sorry for the man, as it seemed he was very

  __9__. “Well, I do have a magazine here for collectors. It is

  __10__

  for you.

  I also have one about dogs since you…” The old man started to close the door, saying

  __11__, “No, boy. I don't need any magazines of any kind. Now goodbye.”

  The boy was

  __12__

  for the old man being so lonely. He went home and then had an

  __13__. He had a little dog figurine which didn't

  __14__

  much to him since he had a real live dog and a large family. The boy headed

  __15__. He knocked on the door again and this time the old man came right to the door. “Boy, I thought I told you no

  __16__.”

  “No, sir. I want to bring you a

  __17__.” The boy

  __18__

  him the figurine and the old man's face

  __19__. “Boy, you have a big heart. __20__

  are you doing this?”

  “I think it means more to you.”

  From that day on, the old man started coming out and talking with neighbors.

  ()1.A.excitement

  B.fear

  C.embarrassment

  D.Happiness

  ()2.A.hardly

  B.frequently

  C.hurriedly

  D.Readily

  ()3.A.knock on

  B.break in

  C.cut off

  D.walk away

  ()4.A.selling

  B.collecting

  C.raising

  D.designing

  ()5.A.wandering B.wondering

  C.proving

  D.hoping

  ()6.A.it

  B.that

  C.one

  D.Them

  ()7.A.laughed

  B.pointed

  C.reached

  D.Looked

  ()8.A.keep

  B.hate

  C.kill

  D.collect

  ()9.

  A. busy

  B.delighted

  C.lonely

  D.Disappointed

  ()10.A.clear

  B.safe

  C.suitable

  D.Boring

  ()11.A.easily

  B.coldly

  C.comfortably

  D.nervously

  ()12.A.sad

  B.anxious .

  C.eager

  D.respectable

  ()13.A.opinion

  B.idea

  C.mind

  D.thought

  ()14.A.mean

  B.worth

  C.talk

  D.Use

  ()15.A.off

  B.back

  C.away

  D.outside

  ()16.A.noises

  B.interruptions

  C.dogs

  D.magazines

  ()17.A.book

  B.doll

  C.gift

  D.Help

  ()18.A.handed

  B.lent

  C.attracted

  D.pleased

  ()19.A.went pale

  B.turned dark

  C.lit up

  D.calmed own

  ()20.A.How

  B.When

  C.Where

  D.Why (一)

  【要点综述】 本篇完形填空介绍的是一个小男孩做了一件让孤独老人倍受感动的故事。

  1.B 由于这个小男孩对居住在这座房子里的人不太了解,所以敲门时应该感到紧张或恐惧。同时,也只有这种理解才能解释空白前的sweat(出汗)。

  2.A 根据文章最后提到的老人的变化,我们可以看出这位老人原来“很少”出门。

  3.D 等待了一会儿,发现没有人开门,小孩只能“走开”。B项(破门而入)不符合题意。

  4.A 根据本句后面的if you would like to buy…,可以得出答案。

  5.B I was wondering属于固定表达,通常用于较委婉地提出问题。

  6.C 考查代词。这个小孩不可能只卖一份杂志,所以只能选one,指代a magazine。

  7.D 老人对小孩所说的话反应比较冷漠,只“看了一眼”。

  8.D collect意为“收集”。A项的意思是“养”,从下文我们知道老人并不是真正养狗,而是收集狗的雕像。

  9.C 本句前半部分说明了小孩为老人感到“sorry”,应该是因为看到他很“孤独”。

  10.C 一本针对“collectors”的杂志对老人来说当然很适合了。

  11.B 老人对小孩所说的根本不感兴趣,所以“冷冷地”拒绝了。

  12.A 此处与前文呼应,表达小孩对老人如此孤独感到悲伤。

  13.B idea意为“主意”,此处指小孩想到一个办法。A项指的是对某事物的正误,美丑等观点;C项意为“意识,思维”;D项意为“思想”。

  14.A 此处与文章的倒数第二句呼应。

  15.B 从下一句可以看出小孩又回来了。

  16.D 老人以为小孩又来卖杂志了。

  17.C gift 表示礼物。doll表示玩具娃娃。根据语境选C。

  18.A 小孩把小雕像“递给”老人。

  19.C 老人收到礼物很高兴,刚才脸上的不耐烦就烟消云散了,有了精神。

  20.D 老人问小孩为什么要这么做,我们可以从小孩的回答中得到暗示。

  (二)

  Two men, both seriously ill, stayed in the same hospital room. One man was allowed to

  __1__ in his bed for an hour each afternoon. His bed was

  __2__

  the room's only window. The other man had to

  __3__

  all his time flat on his back. Every afternoon when the man in the bed by the window could sit up, he would pass the time by

  __4__

  to his roommate all the things he could see outside the

  __5__.

  According to his words, the window

  __6__

  a park with a lovely lake. Ducks and swans played on the water. Young lovers walked arm

  __7__

  arm among flowers. Old trees made the scenery very beautiful, and a fine

  __8__

  of the city could be seen clearly. As the man by the window described all this, the man on the other side of the room

  __9__

  close his eyes and

  __10__

  the nice pictures.

  Days and weeks

  __11__. One morning, the nurse arrived and found the man by the window had died

  __12__

  in his sleep. As soon as the room seemed tidy again, the other man asked if he could

  __13__

  next to the window. The nurse agreed. Slowly, he

  __14__

  himself up to take his first look at the world outside. To his

  __15__, he could see nothing but a blank wall. Later the nurse told him that his roommate was

  __16__

  and could not even see the wall.

  There is great

  __17__

  in making others happy. Shared pain is half the pain, but happiness, when shared, is

  __18__. If you want to feel rich, just

  __19__

  all of the things you have.

  “ Today is a gift. That's

  __20__

  it is called the present.”

  ()1.A.sit down

  B.sit up

  C.stand up

  D.sleep down

  ()2.A.behind

  B.in front of

  C.under

  D.next to

  ()3.A.spend

  B.kill

  C.take

  D.Cost

  ()4.A.talking

  B.describing

  C.speaking

  D.saying

  ()5.A.room

  B.hospital

  C.window

  D.Park

  ()6.A.overlooked B.appeared

  C.viewed

  D.Headed

  ()7.A.to

  B.by

  C.in

  D.With

  ()8.A.view

  B.sight

  C.scenery

  D.state

  ()9.A.should B.could

  C.might

  D.Would

  ()10.A .think B.imagine

  C.recall D.Remind

  ()11.A.went by

  B.went on

  C.went up

  D.went away

  ()12.A.peacefully

  B.quietly

  C.suddenly

  D.silently

  ()13.A.remain

  B.start

  C.Move

  D.Continue

  ()14.A.raised

  B.put

  C.set

  D.Held

  ()15.A.disappointment

  B.surprise

  C.Embarrassment

  D.Excitement

  ()16.A.blind

  B.deaf

  C.poor

  D.rich

  ()17.A.point

  B.importance

  C.influence

  D.Happiness

  ()18.A.developed

  B.improved

  C.increased

  D.Doubled

  ()19.A.value

  B.remember

  C.insist

  D.Concern

  ()20.A.because

  B.why

  C.what

  D.how

  (二)

  【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文,通过叙述同一病室的两个病人由于人生观的不同,眼中的世界也不一样的故事,向人们提出问题:如何看待痛苦?怎样才能让自己幸福?文章最后一段展开议论,向人们表述了一个道理:每个人都应把握现在,用积极的心态去赢得幸福的生活。

  1.B sit up意为“坐起来”。sit up in his bed 意为“坐在床上”

  2.D next to意为“靠近”。next to…意思是“靠着……”,其他语意不符。

  3.A kill the time干扰性最强,这里表达的不是“消磨时间”,而是“一直都躺在病床上”。

  4.B 从下文看,这里表示的是“向他的室友描述他所看到的”而非“跟某人交谈”。

  5.C 上文说过:他的床是靠窗摆放的,所以他能看见窗外的一切,而不是“屋子外的一切”。

  6.A overlook意为“俯视,俯瞰”,其主语为建筑物;view作动词,主语是“人”。

  7.C arm in arm 是固定搭配,意思是“臂挽着臂”。

  8.A 此处view作名词,a fine view of the city 表示“城市美丽的风景”;scenery 只表示“自然的风景”;sight意为“视力”;state意为“状态”,与上下文不符。

  9.D 情态动词would 表示“出于自己的意愿,愿意做某事”,其他与语境不符。

  10.B 动词imagine意思是“想象”,close one's eyes and imagine sth. 表示“闭上眼睛想象某事发生”。

  11.A 考查动词词组的辨析。go by 意为“过去”; go on 意为“继续”;go up意为“上升”;go away意为“离开”。这里是“一天天、一周周过去了”,故选A。

  12.A 从in his sleep可知,这里应该是“他在睡梦中平静地去世了”。

  13.C 这里要表达的意思是“是否能搬到窗户边”,其他三项语意不符。

  14.D hold oneself up意思是“自己支撑着起来”;raise 是及物动词,其后不能接up,故A选项不能选。

  15.B to one's surprise意思是“让人吃惊的是”,符合语境。

  16.A 由下文“…could not even see the wall”可知死去的病人是个盲人。

  17.D 下文有but happiness,故此处在讨论“幸福”。

  18.D doubled与上文half相对应,与but的转折意思相符。

  19.A value all of the things you have意思是“重视你所拥有的一切”。

  20.B 此处是一个why引导的表语从句。句意:那就是为什么它被叫做present(礼物)的原因。

  ()1. A. and

  B. yet

  C. so

  D. for

  ()2. A. opinion

  B. impression

  C. information D. intention

  ()3. A. make

  B. keep

  C. handle

  D. change

  ()4. A. anything

  B. something

  C. everything

  D. nothing

  ()5. A. questions

  B. comments

  C. explanations D. remarks

  ()6. A. hold

  B. follow

  C. evaluate

  D. form

  ()7. A. happy

  B. lively

  C. reliable

  D. punctual

  ()8. A. message

  B. motto

  C. saying

  D. suggestion

  ()9.

  A. again

  B. more

  C. instead

  D. later

  ()10. A. steps

  B. control

  C. charge

  D. risks

  ()11. A. improved B. acted

  C. looked

  D. reflected

  ()12. A. easily

  B. carefully

  C. confidently D. proudly

  ()13. A. introduced B. recognized

  C. identified D. considered

  ()14. A. confirmed B. decided

  C. realized

  D. acknowledged

  ()15. A. with

  B. below

  C. of

  D. by

  ()16. A. developed B. discovered

  C. took

  D. fostered

  ()17. A. accept

  B. care

  C. judge

  D. wonder

  ()18. A. bored

  B. lazy

  C. sad

  D. afraid

  ()19. A. trust

  B. patience

  C. curiosity

  D. interest

  ()20. A. accessible B. enjoyable

  C. possible

  D. favorable

  【解析】 1.B Mrs. Neidl的unpleasant voice及a direct way of speaking与she was encouraging and inspiring形成转折关系,只有yet 符合题意。

  2.A 根据下文She wanted to know how I thought可以推知:Mrs. Neidl常常问“我”的观点/看法(opinion)。

  3.C 根据文章的意思,Mrs. Neidl问“我”该怎样处理(handle=deal with)事情。

  4.D “我”不知如何回答,是因为“我”对舞台设计一窍不通。

  5.A 根据上文:Mrs. Neidl would ask me;I had no idea how to answer可以推断出,“我”逐渐地回答她的问题(questions)。

  6.D 根据上文:She believed I had opinions,因此“我”慢慢地形成(form)了自己的opinion。

  7.C 根据上文:She trusted me to complete things,so I completed them perfectly. 说明了“我”是值得信赖的,可靠的(reliable)。punctual的意思是“准时的,守时的”。

  8.B 根据下文:“Try it. We can always paint over it

  ...!”可知Mrs. Neidl常常用这句话来激励“我”,这句话是她的座右铭/箴言。message信息,口信;saying 谚语,俗语。

  9.D 根据上下文的提示,Mrs.Neidl鼓励“我”大胆地去做,过后他们还会paint,推知答案为later。

  10.D 根据上文:Neidl鼓励“我”大胆地去做及下文:I had been so afraid of failing but suddenly there was no failing—only things to be

  ... upon,可以看出,“我”不再害怕,并开始敢于冒险(take risks)。

  11.A 根据句子意思:“我”突然明白:没有失败,只有需要被改进的方面。improve改进,改善;reflect反射,映照。

  12.C 根据上文,“我”不再害怕,并开始敢于冒险,可以推知,“我”学会了充满自信地进行创造。confidently充满自信地,有自信心地。

  13.B 根据上文:The shy,quiet freshman achieved success that year.由于“我”付出了时间和努力,“我”被公认为Student Art Assistant。 recognize指“识出,辨别出”,而consider则只表示“认为”或“看作”,体现不出“公认为”。

  14.C 由于“我”的成功和周围人们的认可,“我”意识到(realize)“我” 未来生活中的真正目标。confirm确认,证明;acknowledge承认,告知,打招呼。

  15.A 和

  Mrs. Neidl 一起工作,用with。

  16.B 根据下文:a strong interest and a world I hadn't known existed可知“我”发现了以前就有但不曾注意的a strong interest and a world,此处要用discover,意思是:find something existing but not known before。foster培养,养育。

  17.B Mrs. Neidl 教育“我” 不要在乎(care)别人的看法和说法。

  18.D 根据第三段中I had been so afraid of failing可知Mrs. Neidl 教育“我”不要害怕(afraid)。

  19.A 根据第二段句子: She believed in me,推断her trust 激励了“我”。

  20.C 根据全文大意和故事的结局可知Mrs. Neidl 激励“我”去做从未想到成为可能的事情。

  完形填空题要求考生具备的能力之一就是“正确的阅读理解能力”,同时,还要具备扎实的语法、词汇和文化知识的综合积累,是一种全面考查考生语言运用能力的题型。做完形填空题应该从以下几个方面入手:

  1. 树立语篇意识,化解局部难点。

  每篇完形填空都围绕一个主题展开,其结构严谨,上下文互为映衬,前后照应,所以在解决局部问题时,考生要树立牢固的语篇意识,遵循从“整体——局部——整体”这个解决问题的规律,不要把注意力孤立地局限在句子层面上,而要从段落或整篇文章入手,整体把握文章的内容,结合上下文,寻找答案的线索。 应试点睛

  2. 借助逻辑连词,推敲前后文意。

  英文中的逻辑连词是构成语篇的纽带,也是相关语句信息的结合点。命题人常在这些“关节”上设置题目,考查学生的语言运用能力。常用的逻辑连词主要有:(1)词(包括连词、副词和少数介词),如and, but, or, because, though, however, yet, therefore, otherwise, despite等;(2)短语,如in other words, or rather, in addition, as a result, so that, on the contrary, instead of等; (3)分句和独立结构,如that is to say, what is more, all things considered等。逻辑连词对准确理解语篇意义能够起到很强的提示作用。完形填空中很多题目都是围绕它们而设置的。 考生在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑连词,找到与文中某些词、短语有密切关系的选项,如其同义词、近义词或反义词等,有时这些词、短语甚至复现在文中。

  3. 通达文章语境,明辨词语差异。

  高考完形填空选项的设置一般都属于同一词类,有的甚至在意义上也非常接近。为了顺利解答此类问题,考生在平时记忆单词时,要在例句中把握其用法并能在考试中结合语境,比较四个选项的细微差别,推敲哪一个是最佳答案。

  4. 活用知识积累,甄别习惯搭配。 词汇的习惯用法或固定搭配,特别是动词、名词、形容词、介词等的搭配在完形填空题中出现的比例很大。如果考生在备考时对常用的习惯用法或固定搭配能牢固地掌握,并在解题时灵活运用,就能达到事半功倍的效果。

  5. 联系生活常识,再现相关情景。 完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文或叙议结合、富有哲理的议论文,这些语篇都非常贴近学生生活。考生在解题时,可以根据生活常识或结合常识身临其境地想象当时的情景,从而做出正确的判断。

  [2011·全国卷Ⅱ] 节选

  A more embarrassing(尴尬) situation occurs when a student starts falling into sleep and the__1__ of the head pushes the arm off the __2__, and the movement carries the __3__ of the body along.

  ()1.

  A.size

  B.Shape

  C.Weight

  D.Strength

  ()2.

  A.cushion

  B.desk

  C.Shoulder D.book

  ()3. A.action

  B.position

  C.Rest

  D.side

  【解析】 1.

  C

  2.B 考查常识理解。根据常识判断,在听课的教室里同学们一般趴在课桌上面睡觉,故选B。

  3.C 考查常识理解。结合后面这个学生在地上醒来可知,他不但胳膊滑下了课桌,而且整个身体都滑了下去。the rest表示“(身体的)其他部分”。

  6. 了解文化背景,克服母语干扰。

  完形填空题的语篇信息常交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识。有些选项的设置与文化背景有关,这就要求考生有较宽的知识面,同时具备一定的文化意识,特别要有对英语国家文化的敏感性和鉴别力,只有这样才能既快又准确地解题。

  总之,要提高完形填空的解题水平,考生除了必须掌握一定的语法、词汇知识外,还要提高阅读理解能力。因为只有看懂了短文才能确定正确答案。另外考生还要有计划地多做一些完形填空的练习,逐渐一增加训练的强度,提高训练的难度,通过训练提高阅读理解能力,做到能根据短文所给线索和信息进行分析、推理、归纳、判断,进一步提高词语辨析和对语言灵活运用的能力。只有通过平时多读多练,不断拓宽知识面,才能准确完成完形填空。 专题一

  记叙文型完形填空 专题一 记叙文型完形填空 

  记叙文是高考完形填空题的主打体裁。记叙文有如下特点:

  1. 叙事方式有所不同。有的记叙文按照时间顺序叙述,最后点破故事的结局,有的记叙文采取倒叙的手法,先点明故事的结局和影响,然后再叙述故事的发生和发展。考生在做题时,应先浏览全文,判断出作者的叙事手段,依据文章提供的信息,对故事内容进行准确定位,了解故事的来龙去脉,进而对文意透彻理解,为做题找到准确依据。

  专题导读

  2. 记叙文往往有较强的故事趣味性,有情节的跌宕起伏和情感的细腻变化等特点,信息量很大。作者在叙述过程中往往会融入人物的语言、行为、心理等的描写,这在一定程度上增加了考生理解文章的难度。这时,考生必须理清上下文的脉络,对人物的语言、行为、心理等进行合理的想象和推理,并仔细揣摩作者的用意,从而透彻理解文意,达到对语境的准确理解,这样才能作出合理的选择。 [2011·福建卷]

  Diana Velez does everything with maximum effort — and at maximum speed. That__1__learning a new language, completing two certificates and opening a store.

  When arriving in Canada in 2008, she had one__2__: to have what she had back home in Colombia. “I didn't want to__3__what I do, like so many who come to a new country,” she said. “I__4__to open a store here in Canada but knew I had to__5__myself properly.”

  真题典例

  Diana quickly realized that making her dream of shop ownership in Canada a__6__meant going to school to get the__7__education and certification. “My experience of owning a shop and working as a designer in Colombia gave me__8__in my abilities, but I couldn't speak the language and I had to__9__how to do things in Canada. It was like having to__10__all over again,” said Diana.

  __11__, she found just the help she needed for her relaunch (重新开张)__12__continuing education at George Brown College. She began taking__13__for both the Essential Skills in Fashion Certificate and the Image Consulting Certificate in May 2009.__14__Diana met with the language barrier, she was always going__15__while at college.

  By the end of October 2009, she had completed all certificate requirements. Within two years after her__16__in Canada, Diana at last achieved her__17__goal when her new store opened its doors in Toronto's Sheppard Centre. She was on the fast­track to__18__.

  Looking back, Diana, a fashion(时装)designer,__19__her achievements to the goal she set, the education she received from the college, and__20__, the efforts she made. Now Diana is very happy doing what she is doing.

  ()1. A. requires

  B. encourages

  C. includes

  D. advises

  ()2. A. goal

  B. memory

  C. choice

  D. problem

  ()3. A. continue

  B. choose

  C. change

  D. lose

  ()4. A. demanded

  B. decided

  C. agreed

  D. hesitated

  ()5. A. teach

  B. prepare

  C. enjoy

  D. persuade

  ()6. A. reality

  B. fact

  C. challenge

  D. wonder

  ()7. A. physical

  B. private

  C. primary

  D. necessary

  ()8. A. pressure

  B. judgement

  C. influence

  D. confidence

  ()9.

  A. put away B. depend on

  C. learn about D. look into

  ()10. A. advance

  B. start

  C. suffer

  D. work

  ()11. A. Naturally B. Gradually

  C. Luckily

  D. Clearly

  ()12. A. through

  B. for

  C. before

  D. with

  ()13. A. notes

  B. responsibilities

  C. chances

  D. courses

  ()14. A. Though

  B. As

  C. Since

  D. Once

  ()15. A. around

  B. back

  C. ahead

  D. out

  ()16. A. adventure

  B. arrival

  C. performance

  D. journey

  ()17. A. original

  B. common

  C. another

  D. distant

  ()18. A. success

  B. wealth

  C. glory

  D. happiness

  ()19. A. adds

  B. connects

  C. devotes

  D. owes

  ()20. A. after all

  B. above all

  C. at least

  D. at first

  【要点综述】 本文讲述的是哥伦比亚设计师戴安娜到加拿大后,克服种种困难,发展事业,最后通过自己的努力实现目标的故事。

  1.C 戴安娜以最高的效率和最快的速度完成每件事,这些事包括……

  2.A 戴安娜有一个目标,就是拥有她在哥伦比亚所拥有的事业。 专题一 记叙文型完形填空 专题二 夹叙夹议型完形填空 专题三 议论文型完形填空

  专题四 说明文型完形填空 第二模块  完形填空 第二模块  完形填空

  完形填空题是一种综合测试,涉及的知识面很广,用来测试考生的阅读理解能力和综合语言应用的能力。它要求学生不仅要熟练掌握语法知识结构、词语的用法特点和短语的搭配习惯,还必须具有良好的阅读能力和较强的分析判断能力,能从语篇角度出发,通读上下文,既要考虑形式上的完整,又要考虑意义上合乎逻辑,选择有据,找到正确答案。完形填空题材广泛,它涉及日常生活、文史知识、科技小品、政治、经济、人物、社会、故事等各个方面。体裁主要是记叙文、说明文和议论文。它的命题原则是“以实词为主,虚词为辅,突出词汇语境化”。 考纲解读 考纲解读 从近年来的高考试题看,高考完形填空试题具有如下特点:

  1. 完整性

  尽管文章有意挖去了一些词或短语,使信息链中断,造成间隔性的语义空白,但仍不失为一篇表达完整的文章。完形填空题一般为记叙文、说明文和夹叙夹议的文章。记叙文具有很强的故事性,故事情节涉及时间、地点、人物、过程、结局等基本要素。说明文一般开篇点题,段落之间承上启下,过渡自然连贯。无论哪种体裁,都提供完整的语篇信息。 命题分析

  命题分析 2.实词性 完形填空题的设置以意义完整为主,惯用搭配和语法正确为辅。所给选项以实词为主,虚词为辅。而对实词的考查又以考查情景意义为主。如动词、名词、形容词等占很大比重,而介词的考查多以习语、惯用法等形式出现。 3. 同类性 同类性是指所给的四个选项基本上都属于同一种词性或词形,要么都是名词,要么都是动词。如果是动词,要么都是现在分词,要么都是过去式等。这种题型要求考生要从所给词语本身的意义和用法入手进行分析,逐一排除错误的或不太妥当的选项,最终确定最佳答案。

  4. 语境性

  “词不离句,句不离文”是完形填空题最突出的一个特点。很多时候,所给的四个选项从语法角度来看都正确,或者没有明显的语法错误,单独从此空所在的句子很难做出判断。题目的设置绝大多数是就近暗示,如关键词、短语、甚至是标点符号,都有可能是答题的突破口。如 and, or, however, but 等前后连接成分的同义或反义关系; that is,

  in other words 等起解释说明作用;还有的以句子形式出现,通过上下句的对照可找到答案。

  5. 推理性

  近年来,完形填空题越来越侧重考查学生根据上下文所提供的信息进行语言逻辑推理判断的能力。因此,题目的设置有朝深层结构或语境化方向发展的趋势。每个题目所提供的四个选项中只有一个是目标项,其他均为干扰项。这要求学生不仅要捕捉上下文乃至全文的信息,而且要按照事物的发展规律、前因后果等进行综合分析判断,从而选出正确的答案。

  6. 常识性

  有些题目的设置无论从词汇、语法、惯用法还是语境方面都可行,这种情况下,就需要学生借助于常识或某些背景知识来解决问题。我们不仅要熟练掌握所学知识,具有一定的边缘学科知识,还要了解英语语言文化和风俗习惯等,养成跨文化思维意识。 完形填空题的命题思想是将词汇用法作为重点,以篇章理解为基础,考查学生对语法知识的掌握和对词汇的运用能力。根据这一命题思想,我们可以将题型大致细化为以下几种。

  题型探究 ► 探究点一 语境词汇型

  题型探究 词汇是完形填空试题的最大考点,主要凸显实词词义辨析的考查,如名词、形容词、动词、副词等,而且设置的四个选项常常是同一词性。如果说单项填空题中的词汇辨析题是仅仅立足于独立的“语句”的考查,那么完形填空题中的词汇辨析题则是完全依托于丰富的“语篇”的考查。 从这个角度上讲,完形填空题的设置其实是单项填空试题的拓展和升华,因此其难度也可想而知。解题时要注意在特定的语境中区分各种实词的语义差别。

  1 [2011·重庆卷]节选

  When we were in the middle of the lake, a ___1__

  wind came all of a sudden. The boat was hit

  __2__.

  Dad was always at his best in any ___3__,but at this moment he

  __4__.

  “John!

  __5__

  !” he shouted in a trembling voice,with the tiller still in his hands.

   

  In my memory he could fix any

  __6__.He was the one I always __7__ for strength and security. Before I could respond,a __8__ of water got into the boat. I rushed to the tiller

  __9__

  it was too late. Another huge wall of water __10__

  the boat in a minute. We were thrown into the water,and Dad was struggling aimlessly. At that moment,I felt fiercely

  __11__

  of him. 

   

  I swam to Dad __12__

  and assisted him in climbing onto the hull(船壳) of the boat. Upon sitting on the hull,Dad was a little awkward about his flash of __13__. “It’s all right,Dad. We are safe now,” I comforted him.

  ()1.A.strong

  B.gentle

  C.Cold

  D.Hot

  ()2.A.repeatedly B.lightly

  C.Hardly D.violently

  ()3.

  A.danger

  B.place

  C.sport

  D.Job

  ()4. A.suffered

  B.fell

  C.froze

  D.Withdrew

  ()5. A.Look

  B.Help

  C.Run

  D.Jump

  ()6. A.problem

  B.relationship

  C.machine

  D.boat

  ()7. A. turned to

  B.lived with

  C.argued with D.objected to

  ()8. A. fountain

  B.stream

  C.Shower

  D.Wave

  ()9. A. if

  B.for

  C.After

  D.But

  ()10.A.got through B.poured into

  C. turned over D.lifted up

  ()11.A.ashamed B.protective

  C.Tired

  D.Afraid

  ()12.A.hopelessly B.quickly

  C.Slowly

  D.Helplessly

  ()13.A.pain

  B.anger

  C.Fear

  D.shame

  【要点综述】 本文是记叙文。作者讲述了与父亲一起泛舟湖中游玩、救助落水的父亲的经历,

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