2017课堂扫描高三英语一轮复习学案（牛津译林版）：M3 Unit 2　Language

　　Unit 2　Language Module3

　　热点单词

　　1. confuse vt. 使迷惑； 混淆→

　　confusing adj. 令人迷惑的； confused 糊涂的 → confusion n. 混乱；混淆

　　2. Europe n. 欧洲 → European adj. 欧洲的；欧洲人的 → European n. 欧洲人

　　3. invade vt. 侵略 →

　　invasion n. 侵略； invader 侵略者

　　4. create vt. 创作；创造→

　　creative adj. 创造性的；有创造力的 → creation n. 创造； creativity 创造性，创造力； creature(上帝创造的)生物5. contribute v. 贡献，捐献，促成 →contribution n. 贡献，捐献； contributor 贡献者 → contributory adj. 捐助的，有贡献的

　　6. conquer vt. 征服，攻克 →conquest n. 征服，攻克； conqueror 征服者

　　7. replace vt. 取代；把……放回原处 →replacement n. 取代；放回原处 → replaceable adj. 能够被取代的

　　8. serve v. 服务，服役；上(菜等)，敬(烟等) → service n. 服务，服役 9. adopt v. 采取，采纳；收养→adoption n. 收养；采纳→ adoptive adj. 收养的；采纳的

　　10. modernize v. 现代化 → modernization n. 现代化 → modern adj. 现代的

　　11. pronounce vt. 发音 → pronunciation n. 读音，发音

　　12. process vt. 加工，处理 → process n. 过程 → processed adj. 加工过的

　　13. difficulty n. 困难，难点 →difficult adj. 困难的1.Knowledge　is what you know about the world.

　　2.The two companies seem to disagree about many points of the program, but hopefully they will talk about their disagreements　and reach a contract.

　　3.To easethe problem of overcrowding, new prisons should be built. However, it is not an easy job to get enough cash for that.

　　4.Most western countries are multi­racial　nations, that is, nations of many different races.

　　5.The two pictures differ in several ways. Let's see who is the first to find out the differences　between the two.

　　6.We have got numerous　data about the economical conditions of the country, and every item is numbered.

　　7.Thomas, I know you are an active young man. What are you waiting for? Take action now and get what you deserve!

　　8.The two countries thought about combining against their common enemy, but before their combination　could work, the central government of their enemy had been toppled by its people.

　　9.What makes you think that it's just a physical change rather than a chemical one? You must know the physics　working in the process.

　　10.If young Chinese knew that their written language has already undergone systematic simplification，they wouldn't complain that the characters are not simple enough to learn.

　　11.Although the emperor had been ill for a long time, it still came as a shock when he died eventually. And his funeral became the top national event.

　　12.That fact that he makes more efforts now to keep up with better students is a reflection　of a change in his attitude towards studies. Anything else that reflects it?

　　根据中文填单词完成句子，每空一词(记忆时，用下列横线上的新单词造句记忆)

　　　1. 整个历史上，无数令人不解的因素致使统治者侵略和征服下层阶级。

　　Throughout history, numerous confusing factors contributed to the rulers' invasion and conquest of the lower classes.

　　2.那个不知名的仆人饲养牛有困难；他喜欢吃羊肉和咸猪肉。

　　The unknown servant，who feels like eating mutton and bacon，has some difficulty in raising oxen .　

　　3.现在，政府部门已经制定了一些创造复杂符号的标准。

　　Nowadays， the government department has set some standards for creating complex symbols.

　　4.那个代表在查找一些汉字以及纯英语发音的词组和现代方言。

　　The representative is looking up some Chinese characters， phrases and modern dialects with pure English

　　pronunciation.

　　5.最初三个山峰放一起的象形文字最终变成了今天所用的这个汉字，这反映了中国文字的发展。

　　The pictograph originally with three peaks together eventually turned into the character used today, which reflects the development of Chinese

　　writing.

　　根据中文写出英文短语

　　1. 由……组成

　　be made up of / consist of 　

　　2. 代表……(的含义)

　　stand for　

　　3. 依靠；依赖；取决于

　　depend on/upon　

　　4. 母语

　　mother/native tongue / language　

　　5. 拿起，举起

　　lift up/pick up　

　　6. 控制

　　take control of　

　　7. 与……谈一谈

　　have a word with

　　8.拿起，捡起

　　pick up　

　　9.关注；关心；在意

　　care about　

　　10.曾经

　　at one time

　　11.总的来说，总体来看

　　as a whole/on the whole　

　　12.不同于

　　differ from　

　　13.对……有影响

　　have an impact on…　

　　14.是……的成因之一

　　contribute to

　　15.(原因)在于

　　in that

　　1. That is why… “那就是……的原因。”why引导的从句是表语从句，表原因。

　　2. …is what… “……就是……的。”what连接的是表语从句。

　　3. …find it hard to… “发现很难……。” it是形式宾语，不定式短语是真正宾语。

　　4. What…dreamt of has come true. “……所梦想的事情已经实现了。”what引导主语从句，what在从句中作of的宾语。

　　Ⅰ.根据课文中的重点句子进行同义转换

　　1.That is why English is a language with so many confusing rules.

　　That is the reason why English is a language with so many confusing rules.

　　2.The language they created is what we now call Old English.

　　The language that / which they created is the one that we now call Old English.

　　3.I want to have a word with you about the condition of the playground.

　　I would like to speak/talk to you about the condition of the playground.

　　4.Hope that you will think about my concerns.

　　It is my hope that you will take my concerns into consideration.

　　5.I expect your reply.

　　I look forward to your answer.

　　Ⅱ.汉译英

　　你对自己没有信心，那就是你要依赖朋友的原因。(why)

　　You have no confidence in yourself, and that's why you have to depend on your friends.

　　2.他对女儿的生活一点都不关心，那就是她对他冷漠的原因。(distant; what)

　　He doesn't care about his daughter's life. That's what makes her distant from him.

　　3.我发现要找到现状的成因简直不可能。(find; contribute; what)

　　I find it simply impossible to find out what contributed to the present situation.

　　4.对月球影响最大的当然应该是太阳和地球。(what; impact)

　　What has the biggest impact on the moon is surely the sun and the earth.

　　1、access

　　n. 通路，接近/使用进入某地的方法/权利/可能性，接近某人的方法/权利/可能性

　　①He is a man of easy access.

　　他是一个很好接近的人。

　　②Citizens may have free access to the library.

　　市民可以免费使用这个图书馆。

　　③We have_access_to the Internet in the classroom.

　　我们在教室里可以上互联网。

　　④The_only_access_to the man is through his secretary.

　　唯一能接近此人的方法是通过其秘书。

　　v. 接近，使用

　　⑤I can't access the file on your company because I've forgotten the code.

　　我无法使用贵公司的文件， 因为我把代码忘了。

　　accessible adj. 可(或易)得到的;可使用的；随和的

　　be accessible to…容易得到的；可使用的

　　have / gain / obtain access to…得以接近，会见；得以进入，使用

　　give access to…接见；准许进入

　　⑥Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.

　　　药品不应放在儿童容易拿到的地方。

　　⑦ I’m afraid these shoes are not ____ in your size.

　　A. applicable

　　B. available

　　C. accessible

　　D. adaptable

　　B

　　available 可得到的。

　　2、raise

　　(1) 举起

　　①She raised her finger to her lips as a sign for silence.

　　她举起一根手指放在唇边，示意肃静。

　　(2) 提高(音量、价格、程度等)

　　②The landlord raised_my_rent.

　　房东提高了我的租金。

　　(3)种植(农作物等)、饲养(家禽等)、抚养(子女)

　　③The farmer raises_chickens and corn.

　　农夫养鸡和种植玉米。

　　(4)筹集(资金)

　　④We hope to raise_a_lot_of_money for the people suffering in the earthquake.

　　我们想为这次地震受灾者筹一大笔钱。

　　(5)唤起、引起

　　⑤His funny stories raised a few laughs.

　　他有趣的故事引来一阵笑声。

　　(6) 提出(问题等)

　　⑥I wonder if I could raise this problem with you now.

　　不知我现在能否向您提及这问题。

　　raise sb. to one’s feet

　　把某人扶起来

　　raise one’s voice

　　提高声音

　　raise a family

　　养家糊口

　　⑦ Steam can be seen ____ from wet clothes.

　　A. rose

　　B. raise

　　C. to raise

　　D. to rise

　　D see…rise 看到……升起来。当see用于被动语态时,用不定式作主语补足语,表示看到……的全过程。

　　3、consist

　　consist of… 由……组成,不能用于被动语态(=be made up of)

　　The committee ____ nine members set out for the disaster area immediately.

　　A. consisted of

　　B. consisting of

　　C. made of

　　D. made up for

　　B consisting of 由……组成。在句中作定语。

　　4、indicate

　　vt. 表明，指示，表示，显示，示意

　　①What do they indicate? 他们表示什么意思？

　　②The symptoms indicate immediate surgery.

　　症状表明急需外科手术。

　　③When quoting old sayings, please indicate the specific reference(s)．

　　引用名言时必须加列参考书目。

　　④There is a great deal of evidence ____ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.

　　A. indicate

　　B. indicating

　　C. to indicate

　　D. to be indicating

　　B 句意“有大量证据表明音乐活动调动大脑不同的部位。”考查非谓语动词作定语。B项作定语表主动，相当于which indicates。

　　5、 replace

　　vt. 把……放回(原处); 取代;以……代替(+with)

　　①He replaced the book in the shelf.

　　他把书放回到书架上。

　　②Obama has replaced George Bush as the new president of the USA.

　　奥巴马取代了布什成为美国的新总统。

　　replace= take the place of

　　取代；代替

　　replace A with B以B代替/替换A

　　in place of

　　取代；代替(= instead of代替;而不是)

　　take one’s place

　　代替某人；就位；就职

　　take place

　　发生

　　③他们将坐飞机去广州，而不是坐火车。

　　They will go to Guangzhou by plane in place of by

　　train.

　　6、 adopt

　　vt. 收养；过继；采用, 采取(计划、方法、措施等), 采纳(意见)

　　①They are not my real parents. I was_adopted by them at the age of three.

　　他们不是我的亲生父母，我是在3岁时被收养的。

　　②Our school has_adopted_a_new_teaching_method.

　　我们学校采用了新的教学方法。

　　③The general manager decided to adopt his suggestion after much deliberation.

　　总经理经过再三思考后，决定采纳他的建议。

　　④It’s too early to say whether IBM’s competitors will be able to ____ their products to the changing market.

　　A. contribute

　　B. adapt

　　C. attach

　　D. adopt

　　B contribute A to B是把A贡献给B; attach A to B是将A附加在B上; adopt 是采纳,领养; adapt适应。adapt A to B使A适应B。句意：现在就评判IBM的竞争对手是否能使他们的产品适应变化的市场还太早了。

　　7、contribute

　　vt. & vi. 捐献，捐赠；贡献出；投稿(+to)

　　contribute sth. to sth. 将某物捐献/贡献给……；向……供稿

　　contribute to sth.也是……的原因，促成/助长……

　　①The writer personally contributed 5,000 dollars to the earthquake fund.

　　那位作家个人给地震基金会捐赠了5000美元。

　　②His carelessness contributed_to the accident.

　　他的粗心大意也是造成事故的原因。

　　③He contributes regularly to English Weekly.

　　他定期给《英语周报》投稿。

　　④I'm sure regular exercise will contribute_to_curing your disease.

　　我相信有规律地锻炼将有助于治疗你的病。

　　make contributions to 为……作贡献

　　8、record

　　n. 记录；成绩；履历

　　break / beat the record 破记录

　　set the record

　　创记录

　　hold the record

　　保持记录

　　keep a record of sth.

　　把……记录下来

　　make a record

　　制作唱片

　　①You should keep_a_record_of how much you spend.

　　你应该把花的钱数记下来。

　　v. 记录，记载；录音，录像

　　②I record the score in a notebook.

　　我在笔记本上记下了分数。

　　③I'll record_the_film so that we can all watch it later.

　　我将录下这部电影，以便以后我们都能看。

　　recording n. 录音，录音制品

　　make a recording of 录制……　

　　recorder n. 录音机

　　9、spread

　　vt. 展开，播种，推广 vi. 传播,展现

　　①The little girl is old enough to spread the table cloth for her mother.

　　小女孩够大了，她可以帮助妈妈铺桌布了。

　　②Soon the news spread throughout the whole village.

　　消息很快就传遍了整个村庄。

　　③The virus is_spreading_fast_across_the_country.

　　这种病毒正在飞速向全国扩散。

　　另外，spread也可以用作名词，表示“传播”等意思。

　　④In 2009, the_spread_of A/H1N1 made the government worried much.

　　2009年，甲型流感的蔓延让政府很是担心。

　　1、 in a word

　　一句话, 总而言之

　　①His behavior was, in a word, shocking.

　　总之,他的行为是令人震惊的。

　　in one’s own words

　　用某人自己的话来说

　　in other words

　　换句话说,也就是说

　　word for word

　　逐字地

　　②Tell me what happened in_your_own_words.

　　用你自己的话把发生的事情告诉我。

　　③His wife is my daughter, in_other_words,_I am his mother­in­law.

　　他妻子是我女儿， 换句话讲， 我是他的岳母。

　　④Don't translate word for word, sentence for sentence.

　　不要逐字逐句地翻译。

　　2、 take control of

　　掌管

　　①It’s no easy task to take control of a class of children.

　　管住一个班的小孩子可不是件容易的事。

　　②The British government at that time took control of the island.

　　当时的英国政府控制该岛。

　　③As Mary was in poor health, I was asked to ____ the business.

　　A. in control of

　　B. under the control of

　　C. take control of

　　D. have a control of

　　C

　　take control of 掌管。

　　3、辨析care about, care for

　　(1)care about 关心；介意；担忧

　　(2)care for 喜欢；照顾

　　①He never cares about what people think about his appearance.

　　他从来不在乎别人怎么看待他的相貌。

　　②After the earthquake, the injured were ____ in the local hospitals or taken by air to the hospitals in the neighbouring cities.

　　A. cared of

　　B. cared for

　　C. taken care

　　D. cared after

　　B

　　care of 由……转交； care for 关怀、照顾； take care 小心、当心；没有care after 这个搭配。the injured 是“伤员”的意思，伤员应该被照顾，选B。

　　5、辨析at one time, at a time

　　（1）at one time 一次，同时；一度，曾经

　　①At one time they met frequently.

　　一度他们经常见面。

　　（2）at a time 每次，一次

　　②Order! One at a time, please.

　　守秩序！请一个一个来。

　　③Take two pills at a time.

　　一次服两颗(药)。

　　at times

　　有时，间或

　　at the time of…

　　在……时候

　　at all times

　　始终，经常

　　at any time

　　在任何时候

　　at the same time

　　同时，而

　　at no time

　　在任何时候都不

　　in no time

　　立刻，马上

　　for the time being

　　暂时

　　for some time

　　一段时间

　　for some times

　　一些次数

　　by the time…

　　到……时候

　　from time to time

　　有时

　　in time

　　及时；迟早

　　on time

　　准时

　　④Experts have been warning ____ of the health risks caused by passive smoking.

　　A. at a time

　　B. at one time

　　C. for some time

　　D. for the time

　　C 句意：专家们提醒注意被动吸烟给健康带来的危害已有一段时间了。考查介词搭配。A每次、逐一、依次；B一度，曾经；C一段时间；D暂时，眼下。

　　1、The language they created is what we now call Old English.

　　他们创造的语言就是我们现在称之为古英语的语言。

　　what连接表语从句，意为“所……的”，在表语从句中作call的直接宾语，Old English为间接宾语。

　　①Many young people in the East in the past are expected to leave ____ could be life’s most important decision — marriage — almost entirely up to their parents.

　　A. as

　　B. that

　　C. which

　　D. what

　　D 考查宾语从句。句中what could be life’s most important decision — marriage作leave的宾语。what在宾语从句中既起连接作用，又在从句中充当主语。

　　as常用于such…as…和the same…as…的搭配中；that在名词性从句中只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，无意义；which 哪一个。

　　②The companies are working together to create

　　____ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.

　　A. which

　　B. that

　　C. what

　　D. who

　　C 句意：这些公司共同致力于创造他们所希望的21世纪最好的运输方式。考查宾语从句。what在宾语从句中既起连接作用，又在从句中充当主语。they hope为插入语，what意思为“所创造的事物”。

　　2、Today, the spread of ‘borrowed words’ is due to easily accessed television and radio programmes from across the world, and the Internet.

　　今天，世界各地都可以方便地收看收听电视和广播节目，还有因特网的普及，使得外来词广为传播。

　　(1)easily accessed 是定语，修饰后面的television and radio programmes。

　　①The_easily_accessed_computer_system is unsafe from hackers.

　　这个易进入的电脑系统，很不安全，会遭到黑客的攻击。

　　(2)due to 由于，因为

　　②Due_to_his_illness,_Mike didn't come to school today.

　　由于生病，迈克今天没来上学。