四川省仁寿县城北教学点2017届高三英语二轮复习 短文改错+书面表达（42）

　　Unit 1

　　Star signs （第二课时）

　　主备人：

　　2011年8月27日

　　( Reading I )

　　【学习目的课前根据提示或首字母写出下列单词：

　　1. Mike is very ______（谦虚的） even though he is the top student in our class.

　　2. Tom was born on 22nd August. He is a strong and ______ （feels certain of his own ability） person.

　　3. Bill is good at doing things. He is ______ （动手能力强的）.

　　4. I was born on 26th March. Some people think I’m a little ______（自私的）

　　5. Kitty likes to take part in school activities. She is an a_____________ girl.

　　6. Edison was very i__________ when he was only a child.

　　7. She doesn’t want to do her homework, so she is not a h_____________ student.

　　8. Sandy always gives money to charities. She is g_____________.

　　9. Suzy was born on 26th January. She should be kind and w___________.

　　10. Peter loves dreaming about every. He is very c______________ and imaginative.

　　【知识链接】

　　1. A year is divided into 12 different star sings.

　　一年被分成12个不同的星座。 a. be divided into是个被动语态的结构，解释为“划分为、分为”。如： ?　In English sentences can be divided into three types. 在英语中句子可以分为三种类型。 b. divide作“分开、分散、分割、分成”解。如： ?　The cells began to divide rapidly. 细胞开始迅速分裂。 c. divide A from B作“使分离、使分开”解，相当于separate A from B。如： ?　We mustn’t divide the child from his mother. 我们不能使母子分离

　　[练一练] (A) Our class __________________(被分成)six groups.

　　(B) All things can

　　___________(被分成) two.

　　2. Some people believe that people born under the same star sign share similar characteristics. ?? 有些人相信，属于同一星座的人具有相似的性格特征。 a. believe= think…true，用作及物动词时，后面可以接that引导的宾语从句。如： ?　ome scientists believe that dinosaurs have not disappeared, but they have become birds. ??

　　有些科学家相信，恐龙没有消失，而是变成了鸟。 b. believe后面的that从句如果是否定意义，习惯上否定believe，而不否定that从句，即在形式上否定believe，意义上否定that从句。因此，“I don’t believe that he will come tomorrow.”要比“I believe that he won’t come tomorrow”更合乎习惯。类似的动词还有suppose, think和expect等。如： I ’t think he is right.

　　我认为他是不对的。

　　?c. believe用作及物动词时，意为“相信（某人）”；侧重“相信某人的所作所为”，常跟one’s word(s), what he said, it or sb. to be…等词或词组。 ?　如： Do you really believe me/what I said? 你真的相信我/我说的话吗？ d.

　　believe in是个动词词组，意为“信仰”“信任”“信奉”“相信……的存在”“认为……有益”“相信……价值”等。如：他相信早晨喝一杯热开水对健康有益的说法。 ?　He believes in the saying that drinking a glass of hot water is good to his health.??

　　[辨析] believebelieve in ，这一对词语都表示“相信不疑”的意思，但词意有细微的区别。

　　a. Believe表示“相信”、“信以为真”之意，它是及物动词，其后直接跟宾语。例：

　　1）Do you believe his reports？你相信他的报告吗？

　　2）I could hardly believe my eyes．我几乎不能相信自己的眼睛。

　　3）In ancient times it was believed that the earth was flat．古时，人们认为地球是扁平的。

　　b. elieve in则表示“信仰”、“信任”（to have faith in somebody or something）之意。其后的常用搭配语为：有关宗教、理论、原则、概念及可信任之人，如：a religion、ghosts、 fairies、 a theory、 a friend等词；例中的believe为不及物动词。如：

　　1) We do not believe in ghosts．我们不信鬼神。

　　2) He believes in getting plenty of exercise．他相信多锻炼身体就会有好处。

　　3) In the days of the French Revolution，people believed in liberty，equality and fraternity．

　　法国大革命时代的人们信奉自由、平等及博爱。

　　c. 现在试比较下列两语的不同涵义：

　　I believe him．（=I believe what he says）我相信他（的话）。

　　I believe in him．（=I trust him ）我相信他是一个可以信得过的人。（即：我信任他）

　　d. 在英美人的谈话中，经常可以听到这么一句口头禅——Believe me：这是一个用以表示希望对方相信自己谈话的口头语，它相当于I bet或 Take my word for it。例：

　　Believe me，you will get well very soon．你一定会很快就恢复健康的。

　　Believe me 可以根据不同的场合，译作“真的”、“我不骗你”、“一定会”或“请相信”。

　　[练一练] 选择believe 和believe in填空，注意改变词的适当形式。

　　(A) Long ago ,people ________ that the world was flat.

　　(B) I can quite ________ you .

　　(C) We ________ him to be honest.

　　(D) I don’t ________ fate.

　　(E)Do you ________ the Bible?

　　(F)I don’t ________ what you have said because I don’t ________ you .

　　4. characteristic

　　?a. characteristic这个词由character变化而业，名词解释为“特点”。如： ?　

　　The boy has his family characteristic. 这男孩身上有他家族的特点。 ?b. characteristic可以用作形容词，是“特有的、独特的、典型的”意思。如： ?　It was characteristic of her to do so. 她这样做是一贯的。 5. You are energetic and active, but sometimes too impatient. 你热情奔放，充满活力，但有时过于急躁。 nergetic是个形容词，有“有力的、精力旺盛的、精神饱满的、充满活力的、积极的”意思，相当于full of energy。如：The old woman is an energetic member in the club. 6. impatient

　　a. impatient作形容词，impatient with sb. /sth. 或者impatient at sth. 有“不耐烦的、没有耐心的”意思。如：I was waiting here for her for more than half an hour and I was getting impatient.

　　b. be impatient to do sth. 或者be impatient for sth. 解释为“急于、热切期待”，相当于can’t wait to do。如：All the visitors were impatient to leave for home. 全体来访者迫不及待想回家。c. impatient of sb./sth. 是“不能容忍、不愿意接受”的意思。如： ?　Our teacher is clearly impatient of the mistakes we made in yesterday’s exam. ??

　　很显然，我们的老师不能容忍我们在昨天考试中所犯的错误。 ?d. impatient的名词形式是impatience。如：?　She came home with impatienceto tell us the news.

　　她迫不及待地回来告诉我们这个消息。 e. impatient的副词是impatiently，相当于without patience。如： ?　We sat there impatiently waiting for her to come back to life.

　　我们坐那里焦急地等着她苏醒过来。 7. Some people think that you are selfish at times. 有时有些人会认为你有点自私。 a. selfish作形容词，意为“自私的、利己的、不顾别人的”。如： ?He never pursues selfish interests.

　　他从来不谋私利。

　　b. at times 相当于 sometimes, from time to time. You like to buy your friends nice gifts. 你乐意为朋友购买精美的礼物。 buy作动词时，后面常接双宾语，即有buy sb. sth.或buy sth. for sb.的用法。如： ? He bought me a new coat. 他给我买了件新外套。 ? What are you going to buy for your teachers?? 你打算给你们的老师买什么？ ?[拓展] 除了buy外，在英语中，还有一些动词后面带有两个宾语。其中一个宾语是直接宾语，另一是间接宾语，我们把它称为双宾语现象。双宾语里有些位置基本是固定的，teach, ask就属这种情况。如：He taught us English. May I ask you some questions? 有些位置可前可后，但要在两个宾语之间加介词。如在give, pass, lend, show, bring等词后加to；在ask, buy, draw, get, make等词后加for。如： ? Please give me the pen.?　 ＝Please give the pen to me. ?　 请把那支钢笔给我。 ? Can you pass him the ruler??＝Can you pass the ruler to him??你可以把那尺递给我吗？ ? Don’t lend her the book.??? ＝Don’t lend the book to her.?　 不要把书借给她。 如直接宾语是代词，则无论间接宾语是名词还是代词都应将直接宾语放在动词之后。如：?① Would you please give it to me? 你把它给我，好吗？（不能说Would you please give me it.） ? I will buy it for you.

　　??? 我就给你买。（不能说I will buy you it.）

　　[练一练] 同义转换

　　(A) My father will buy me a new bike next week.___________________________________ (B)? They drew a good picture for us.______________________________________ ?(C) Please get a pen for me.????___________________________________________

　　9. a. modest是形容词，意为“谦虚的”“谦让的”“谦恭的”。如： She is very modest about her success. 她对自己的成功非常谦虚。 ? You’re too modest. 你太谦虚了。b. 有“朴素的、朴实的”意思。如： ? She likes wearing modest dresses. 她喜欢穿朴素的服装。 ? All of the villagers there live in modest cottages.

　　那里所有的村民住在朴实的村舍里. You worry too much at times.

　　你有时过于小心。 a. too much可以修饰不可数名词，在名中作定语；too much也可以单独使用，相当于一个代词，在句中可作主语、表语或宾语。too much也可作副词，修饰动词，在句中作状语，表示“过于”“太多”（＝more than enough）。如： ? I drank too much beer last night.

　　昨天晚上我啤酒喝得太多了。（作定语） ? He has too much trouble in his life.

　　他生活中麻烦太多了。（作定语） ??The work is too much for me.

　　这工作我干不了。（作表语）I

　　don’t enjoy reading too much. 我不是非常喜欢看书。（作状语） ?[辨析] “much too”和“too much”的区别和用法

　　much too用来修饰形容词、副词，表示程度。too much的含义是“太多，过分，对付不了”，它可以单独使用，还可以修饰不可数名词，常用于肯定句中。如：

　　1)The journey will be too much for an old man.这个旅程老人吃不消。

　　2)I’m afraid I’ve put you to too much trouble.恐怕我给你带来了太多的麻烦。

　　3)The jacket is much too expensive; the price is 1，000，000 dollars.考题[练一练]

　　用much too或too much填空

　　(A) You are asking ____.

　　(B) I’ve got ________________ work to do.

　　(C) The examination wasn’t very difficult，but it was _____ long.

　　(D) That’s _________ for me.

　　(E) This kind of things happened _____________ often before liberation.

　　11. You are patient and do not give up easily.

　　你很有耐心，而且不轻易放弃。

　　give up 意思是”放弃”, 后面加名词、代词或动名词形式。如：

　　I can do nothing more. I give up.

　　【学习过程一、用所给单词的适当形式填空：

　　1. My cousin is a _______（practice） boy. He always pays attention to details.

　　2. Tom is an _____（act） man and you can find him in many school _____（act）.

　　3. Sandy doesn’t like to going fishing. She is an _______（patient） girl.

　　4. If you want to be a inventor, you must be _______（imagine）.

　　5. Cheng Yanqian is a ____（success） player.

　　6. He is very stubborn. You can’t make him give up _______（easy）.、句型转换；

　　1. He is a strong and confident boy. （划线提问）__________________________________.

　　2. Jack always worries too much at times. （一般疑问句）

　　______________________________________________________.3. I like to dream about everything. （划线提问）__________________________________.

　　4. Mr. Wang divides us into five groups.

　　（被动语态）.

　　______________________________________________________.

　　5. David is curious. He asks his parents many questions every day. （同义句）

　　_________________________________________________________________.

　　6. My sister is very kind. She likes to take care of others. （同义句）

　　________________________________________________________________.