【备战2016】高考英语典型试题精粹 专题十一 名词性从句

　　专题十　名词性从句

　　高考精萃

　　1．(2017·大纲全国卷)Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.

　　2．(2017·北京卷)The best moment for the football star was ________ he scored the winning goal.

　　3．(2017·北京卷)Some people believe ________ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.

　　4．(2017·天津卷)I think ________ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.

　　5．(2017·山东卷)It is difficult for us to imagine ________ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.

　　6．(2017·重庆卷)—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?

　　—Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it; that's one of his favourite universities.

　　7．(2017·福建卷)Pick yourself up. Courage is doing ________ you're afraid to do.

　　8．(2017·浙江卷)“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is ________ my mother used to tell me.

　　9．(2017·江苏卷)—What a mess! You are always too lazy!

　　—I'm not to blame, mum. I am ________ you have made me.

　　10．(2017·湖南卷)As John Lennon once said，life is ______ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.

　　11．(2017·陕西卷)__________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.

　　12．(2017·四川卷)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “That's ________ I was born.”

　　13．(2017·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)Police have found __________ appears to be the lost ancient statue.

　　14．(2017·北京卷)________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.

　　15．(2017·北京卷)Experts believe ________ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.

　　16．(2017·天津卷)________ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.

　　17．(2017·重庆卷)________ struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son.

　　18．(2017·山东卷)It's good to know ________ the dogs will be well cared for while we're away.

　　19．(2017·浙江卷)The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ________ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.

　　20．(2017·湖南卷)Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________ close you may be to victory.

　　21．(2017·安徽卷)From space, the earth looks blue. This is ________ about seventy­one percent of its surface is covered by water.

　　22．(2017·江西卷)________ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.

　　23．(2017·陕西卷)It remains to be seen ________ the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.

　　24．(2017·四川卷)________ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.

　　25．(2017·辽宁卷)The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for

　　________he could find about Mark Twain.

　　26．(2017·课标全国卷Ⅰ)It is by no means clear ________ the president can do to end the strike.

　　27．(2017·安徽卷)The limits of a person's intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ________ he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.

　　28．(2017·北京卷)Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ________ he could have expressed it differently.

　　29．(2017·福建卷)We promise ________ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.

　　30．(2017·江苏卷)The notice came around two in the afternoon ________ the meeting would be postponed.

　　31．(2017·浙江卷)I made a promise to myself ________ this year, my first year in high school, would be different.

　　32．(2017·江西卷)It suddenly occurred to him ________ he had left his keys in the office.

　　33．(2017·四川卷)Scientists study ________ human brains work to make computers.

　　34．(2017·陕西卷)As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose ________ suits you best.

　　35．(2011·辽宁卷)When the news came ________ the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army.

　　答案与解析

　　1．when　句意：土豆被引入欧洲的确切时间不能确定，但很可能是1565年左右。分析句子结构可知，设空处为主语从句的引导词，从around 1565判断，这里指时间，故填when。

　　2．when　句意：对于这个足球明星来说最美好的时刻就是他踢进决胜球的时候。根据设空处前面的“the best moment”可知表语从句中缺少时间状语，故填when。

　　3．whatever　句意：一些人认为无论以前发生过的事情还是现在正在发生的事情都会在将来重复出现。通过分析可知“________has happened before or is happening now”作believe 后的宾语从句的主语，根据句意和成分分析，本空应填whatever(任何……的事情)来引导主语从句。

　　4．what　句意：我认为他的画使我印象深刻的是他对色彩的使用。根据分析可知在主语从句________impresses me about his painting 中，所缺的词作主语且表示“物”，所以填what。

　　5．what　句意：我们很难想象古代奴隶们的生活是什么样子的。根据分析可知在该空引导的宾语从句中介词like后面缺少宾语且设空处表示“事物”，所以填what，用来引导宾语从句。

　　6．why　句意：——迈克昨天拒绝了耶鲁大学给他的录取机会，这是真的吗？——是的，但是我不知道他为什么会这样做，那可是他最喜欢的大学之一。根据句意填why。why引导同位语从句。

　　7．what　句意：振作起来，勇气就是去做你害怕去做的事情。分析题干可知doing后为宾语从句，从句中缺作宾语的连接词。在宾语从句中，what可以作主语或宾语，所以填what。

　　8．what　句意：“每次你吃糖果的时候，喝点绿茶。”这就是我妈妈过去常常告诉我的。根据句意可知，设空处引导表语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语且表物，因此填what。

　　9．what　句意：——真是太乱了！你总是这么懒惰！——妈妈，别责怪我。你使我成为了现在这个样子。根据分析可知am后为表语从句，根据句意和表语从句中缺宾补的情况可知填what。

　　10．what　句意：正如约翰·列侬曾经所说的那样：当我们正在为生活疲于奔波时，生活已离我们远去。通过分析可知空格处引导表语从句且从句中缺少主语，故填what。

　　11．When　句意：延迟的航班什么时间起飞主要取决于天气状况。通过分析句子结构可知，本句是含主语从句的复合句。根据句意填When。

　　12．where　句意：奶奶指着那家医院说：“那就是我出生的地方。”根据句意可知该空应该填表示地点的连接词引导表语从句，故填where。

　　13．what　句意：警方发现了看起来像那件丢失的古代雕像的东西。该从句为宾语从句，从句缺少主语且表示“物”，故用what引导。

　　14．What　句意：让这本书如此不同寻常的是作者创造性的想象力。空格处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语成分，且指的是“事物”，故用what引导。

　　15．that　句意：专家认为，人们可以通过只有需要(食物)时才购物这一方法来减少更多食物的浪费。该从句为宾语从句。空格处引导的宾语从句的结构和意思都很完整，故用that。

　　16．What　句意：我想告诉你的是我对父母的深爱和敬重。考查what引导的主语从句，因为主语从句中缺宾语且表示物，所以填what。

　　17．What　句意：影片中最打动我的是那位父亲对他儿子深厚的爱。该从句为主语从句。主语从句中缺少主语且表“物”，故用what。

　　18．that　句意：得知在我们离开期间这些狗会得到很好的照顾，这简直太好了。“the dogs will be well cared for while we're away”为宾语从句，该从句结构完整，不缺任何成分，故用that。

　　19．that　句意：在最高水平上取得成功的唯一方法就是要完全相信在(那个)运动场上，你比其他任何人都优秀。本题空格处引导的句子为同位语从句，从句结构和意义完整，填that。

　　20．how　句意：不要因失败而泄气，因为你永远也不会知道成功可能离你有多近。“________ close you may be to victory”为宾语从句，空后的close为形容词，故填how。

　　21．because　句意：从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面大约71%都被水覆盖着。根据句意，此处填写because引导表语从句。

　　22．Whichever　句意：你们之中不管是谁打破了窗户，都要赔偿。空格处引导主语从句，引导词修饰、限制后面的one，且表示在限定范围(you)中的任何一个，故用whichever，意为“无论哪一个”。

　　23．whether　句意：新组成的委员会制定的政策是否能实施还有待观察。题干中it是形式主语，空格处引导主语从句，whether符合句意。

　　24．What　句意：你在会上的讲话描述了公司的光明未来。考查主语从句，what在主语从句中作宾语。

　　25．whatever　句意：这位新来的人前几天去图书馆寻找他能找到的任何关于马克·吐温的书。介词for后的宾语从句中缺宾语，根据句意可知用whatever。

　　26．what　句意：总统可能采取什么措施来结束罢工一点都不清楚。it为形式主语，空格处引导的从句为真正的主语。从句中do后缺少宾语，故由what引导该主语从句。

　　27．whether　句意：一般来说，一个人智力上的极限从一出生就定了，但他是否能达到这些极限还要取决于他的周边环境。设空处引导主语从句，表达“是否”的意思，故只能用whether引导。

　　29．whoever　句意：我们承诺无论谁参加聚会，都有一次机会与这位电影明星合影。这里whoever(＝anyone who)引导宾语从句，并且在从句中作主语。

　　30．that　句意：下午两点左右，有人通知说会议要推迟了。came around two in the afternoon把名词notice及其同位语从句分隔开来，增加了题目的难度。同位语从句结构和意义完整，所以用that引导。

　　31．that　句意：我向自己保证：今年——我高中的第一年——将会是不同寻常的一年。分析句意可知空格处引导的是同位语从句，解释说明promise的内容，并且此从句结构和意义完整，故用that引导。

　　32．that　句意：他突然想起他把钥匙落在办公室里了。“It occurs to sb.that...”句型表示“某人(突然)想起……”，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句。

　　33．how　句意：为了制造电脑，科学家们研究人的大脑是如何工作的。根据句意可知空格处表示方式，故用how引导，意为“如何”。

　　34．whichever　句意：这里有五门课程供你选择，你可以自由选择任何一门最适合你的。choose后的从句中缺少主语，题干中已给出选择的范围As many as five courses are provided，因此填写whichever符合语境。

　　35．that　句意：当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定参军。考查同位语从句，因为从句不缺成分，且意义完整，所以填that。

　　模拟精选

　　1．(2017·陕西宝鸡质检二)Finally we stayed in ________ is regarded as the best hotel in the city.

　　2．(2017·长春第一次调研)Are you sure ________ Mr. Li will come to your birthday party?

　　3．(2017·湖南“五市十校”联合检测)Only when you go to New York City in person will you realize ________ diverse the American culture is.

　　4．(2017·合肥第一次质检)The bride and groom gave ______ attended their wedding some gifts to share their happiness.

　　5．(2017·北京海淀期末练习)You can complain, but I doubt ________ it will make any difference.

　　6．(2017·北京东城统一检测)John seemed puzzled about ________ the question meant.

　　7．(2017·山东潍坊联考)Mom often phones me, asking ______ I am getting along with my studies.

　　8．(2017·重庆联合测试)With a shop on ________ seems like every urban corner, Starbucks is such a fixed location in American life.

　　9．(2017·江苏苏锡常镇四市调研一)Massive open online courses provide a wonderful model of ________ we call high­tech learning, which helps students have access to web­based rescources.

　　10．(2017·浙江考试院高三抽测)Half of the world's population is under the age of 25 and when they are not involved in the decision­making process, they are not aware of ________ is taking place.

　　11．(2017·成都第一次诊断)The message of Saving Private Ryan is ________ humans want peace, not war.

　　12．(2017·济南高考模拟)Her only problem, if you can call it a problem, is ________ she expects to be successful all the time.

　　13．(2017·山东青岛质检)The problem is ________ we can improve our reading skill in such a short time.

　　14．(2017·河南洛阳统考)Being determined is a kind of quality and that's ________ it takes to succeed.

　　15．(2017·浙江温州第一次适应性测试)—Your sneeze tells me you may have a flu.

　　—No. It's just ________ I can't stand the smell of the paint here.

　　16．(2017·银川一中第四次月考)________ is important is ________ as the earth cooled down water began to appear on its surface.

　　17．(2017·山东潍坊联考)People all over the world have a dream ________ they will always live a peaceful life.

　　18．(2017·浙江金丽衢十二校第二次联考)The expert's argument ________ the increasing number of cars is the main cause of the rising PM2.5 readings has got much support from the public.

　　19．(2017·成都二诊)________ you are on good terms with your classmates will affect your mood.

　　20．(2017·山东潍坊一模)It suddenly occurred to me ________ I hadn't locked my door.

　　答案与解析

　　1．what　此处为介词in 后的宾语从句，且引导词在从句中做主语。

　　2．that　句意：你确定李先生要来参加你的生日晚会吗？空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中不做成分，故用that 引导。

　　3．how　句意：只有当你亲自来到纽约时，你才会意识到美国文化是多么不同样。根据how＋adj./adv.＋主语＋其他部分可知，应填how。

　　4．whoever　句意：新郎和新郎给任何一个参加他们婚礼的人发礼物以分享他们的幸福。分析句子成分可知，“________ attended their wedding”是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，故填whoever。

　　5．whether　句意：你可以发牢骚，但我对这样做是否有用表示怀疑。从句意和句子成分看，这里用whether 引导宾语从句，表示“是否”。

　　6．what　句意：John 对这个问题意味着什么感到很迷惑。根据句子的结构判断，about 后接的是一个宾语从句，而从句中meant 缺少宾语，所以填what。

　　7．how　句意：母亲常给我打电话，问我学习进展如何。此处asking 后为宾语从句，根据句意可知，应填how。

　　8．what　句意：星巴克在城市的每个角落都开有分店，它在美国人的生活中占有一个固定的位置。这里用了with 的复合结构“with＋名词＋介词短语”，本空需用连接词引导宾语从句做介词on 的宾语，连接词在从句中做主语，指物，故用what 引导。

　　9．what　句意：大量的网上公开课为我们所说的高科技学习提供了一个好的样板，它帮助学生接触网络资源。of 后面接的是宾语从句，空处在从句中做call 的宾语，指物，故应用what 引导。

　　10．what　句意：世界上一半的人口年龄在25岁以下，当他们不涉及做决定的过程时，他们就不会意识到现在所发生的事情。此处of 后面是宾语从句，且从句中缺少主语，故用what。

　　11．that　句意：《拯救大兵瑞恩》传达的信息是人们想要和平而不是战争。此处为表语从句，从句不缺少成分，所以用that 引导。

　　12．that　句意：如果能称之为问题的话，她唯一的问题是她一直想成功。空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分，故用that 引导。

　　13．how　句意：问题是我们如何在这么短的时间内提高我们的阅读技能。分析句子成分并结合句意可知，这里需要用连接副词how 来引导表语从句。

　　14．what　句意：意志力是一种品质，它是成功的要素。空处引导表语从句，并在从句中作宾语，指物，故用what 引导。

　　15．that　句意：——你打喷嚏告诉我你可能感冒了。——没有，我只是无法忍受这儿的油漆味。分析句子成分可知，“________I can't stand the smell of the paint here”是表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，故用that 引导。

　　16．What; that　第一空，主语从句中缺少主语，因此使用what 引导；第二空，该表语从句结构完整，不缺少成分，因此用that 引导。

　　17．that　句意：全世界的人民都有一个梦想，即永远过着和平的生活。此处为同位语从句，解释名词dream 的内容，因为从句中不缺少成分且意义完整，所以用that 引导。

　　18．that　此处为同位语从句，解释说明argument 的内容；因从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以使用that 引导。

　　19．Whether　句意：你与同学相处得是否融洽会影响你的情绪。此处为主语从句，if 表示“是否”时不引导主语从句。根据句意可知应用Whether。

　　20．that　句意：我突然想起我没锁门。it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的从句。It occurs to sb. that... “某人突然想起……”。

　　创新预测

　　1．As the spokeswoman said, ________ we should take action against them depends on what they will do.

　　2．—What made her so happy?

　　—________ her son passed the college entrance examination.

　　3．It was sad news ________ a music professor in Beijing committed suicide days ago.

　　4．It doesn't matter how many times you fail; ________ matters is how many times you stand up and try again.

　　5．________ will matter is not how many books you read, but how much you learn when you finish reading them.

　　6．Many college students fail to realize the fact ________ education doesn't end with graduation.

　　7．It is a common belief ________ teenagers today know much about computers and are familiar with using them in all aspects of life.

　　8．There is still some doubt ________ the system will work even though all the factors have been considered.

　　9．I'm concerned about ________ my daughter can be admitted to a key university.

　　10．________ he failed to win the game left him in low spirits.

　　11．Even though he has failed many times, he holds a strong belief ________ he will succeed one day if he works hard.

　　12．This large sum of donation money will be given to ________ lost their homes in the earthquake.

　　13．________ breaks the traffic rules shall be punished severely.

　　14．________ team wins this match shall be allowed to go for a free holiday.

　　15．The alarm clock didn't go off. That was ________ I overslept and missed the train.

　　16．The fact ________ Tom didn't keep his word made his girlfriend left him.

　　17．I subscribe to the idea ________ we will hold a party in honour of our gold wedding.

　　18．Look at the beautiful mountain. That's ________ our village lies.

　　19．He will spare no effort to provide ________ we need for us.

　　20．I wonder ________ I can get along well with the new neighbours.

　　答案与解析

　　1．whether　句意：正如女发言人所说的那样，我们是否应该针对他们采取行动取决于他们将会怎么做。本空需要连接词引导主语从句，表示“是否”，因此用whether引导。

　　2．That　句意：——是什么使她这么快乐？——她儿子通过高考了。答语为that 引导的主语从句，引导词在从句中不做任何成分，只起连接作用。

　　3．that　句意：几天前，北京的一位音乐教授自杀了，这真是个不幸的消息。从句结构看，本句中的it 为形式主语，that 引导主语从句且在从句中不做任何成分，只起连接作用。

　　4．what　句意：你失败多少次都不要紧；要紧的是你有多少次站起来并再次尝试。分析句子成分可知，“________ matters”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，故用what 引导。

　　5．What　句意：重要的不是你读了多少书，而是你读完书后学到了多少。从句结构看，is 前面是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用what。

　　6．that　句意：许多大学生没能意识到这个事实——教育不会随着毕业而结束。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明fact 的内容，从句不缺少句子成分且语意完整，因此用that 引导。

　　7．that　句意：人们普遍认为，当今的年轻人对电脑十分了解，并熟悉如何在他们生活中的各个方面使用它们。it 为形式主语，因主语从句中不缺少成分且语意完整，所以用that 引导该从句。

　　8．whether　句意：即使所有的因素都考虑了，系统是否会运转仍有些疑问。whether 引导同位语从句，做doubt 的同位语，whether 表示“是否”。

　　9．whether　介词后用whether 引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。句意：我担忧女儿是否能被重点大学录取。

　　10．That　that 引导主语从句，无意义，也不充当任何句子成分。句意：他未能赢比赛使他情绪低落。

　　11．that　that 引导同位语从句，无意义，也不充当任何句子成分。

　　12．whoever　whoever 引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语。

　　13．whoever　whoever 引导主语从句，在从句中作主语。

　　14．whichever　whichever 引导主语从句，意为“无论哪一个”。

　　15．why　why 引导表语从句，意为“为什么”。

　　16．that　that 引导同位语从句无意义，也不充当任何句子成分。

　　17．that　that 引导同位语从句，无意义，也不充当任何句子成分。

　　18．where　where 引导表语从句，在从句中作地点状语。

　　19．whatever　whatever 引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语。

　　20．how　how 引导宾语从句，意为“怎样，如何”。