2016重庆万州市高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（11）及答案

　　【2017高考复习】阅读理解For thousands of years，man has enjoyed the taste of apples.Apples，which are about 85 percent of water，grow almost everywhere in the world but the hottest and coldest areas.Among the leading countries in apple production are China，France and the United States.

　　There are various kinds of apples.But a very few make up the majority of those grown for sale.The three most common kinds grown in the United States are Delicious，Golden Delicious，and McIntosh.

　　Apples are different in colour，size and taste.The colour of the skin may be red，green，or yellow.They have various sizes，with Delicious apples being among the largest.The taste may be sweet or tart.Generally，sweet apples are eaten fresh while tart apples are used to make apple sauce.

　　Apple trees may grow as tall as twelve metres.They do best in areas that have very cold winters.Although no fruit is yielded during the winter，this cold periold is good for the tree.

　　1．It can be learned from the text that Delicious apples are________.

　　A．grown in France

　　B．sold everywhere

　　C．very big

　　D．quite sweet

　　解析　细节理解题。根据文中第三段第三句可知，Delicious是苹果品种中个头儿最大的，故选C。

　　答案　C

　　2．Cold winter weather is good for________.

　　A．the growth of apple trees

　　B．producing large apples

　　C．improving the taste of apples

　　D．the increase of water in apples

　　解析　细节理解题。由文章结尾一句可知，冬季对苹果树的生长有好处，故选A。

　　答案　A

　　3．China，France and the United States are considered to________.

　　A．be large producers of apples

　　B．be large producers of apple sauce

　　C．have the longest history in apple production

　　D．have the coldest winter among apple producing countries

　　解析　细节理解题。由第一段末句可知，中国、法国和美国是苹果产量最大的国家，故选A。

　　答案　A

　　4．The underlined word“yielded”in the last sentence means“________”．

　　A．improved

　　B．increased

　　C．produced

　　D．sold

　　解析　推理判断题。该词所在句的句意为“尽管冬季不产苹果，但寒冷期有益于果树的生长”。由此可知yield意为“生产”，故选C。

　　答案　C

　　阅读理解。

　　Switzerland is the best place to be born in the world in 2017，and the US is just 16th. A new study made by the Economist Intelligence Unit says American babies will have a dimmer future than those born in Hong Kong，Ireland and even Canada. The EIU，a sister company of the Economist，tried to measure how well countries will provide the best opportunities for a healthy，safe and prosperous life in years to come.

　　People born in Switzerland will tend to be the happiest and have the best quality of life judged in terms of wealth，health and trust in public institutions，according to the analysis. The Scandinavian countries of Norway，Sweden and Denmark also all make the top five in a ‘quality­of­life' index(指数)highlighting where it is best to be born next year.

　　One of the most important factors is being rich，but other factors come into play—including crime，trust in public institutions and the health of family life. In total，the index takes into account 11 factors. These include fixed factors such as geography，others that change slowly over time such as demography (人口统计学)，social and cultural characteristics, and the state of the world economy. The index also looks at income per head in 2030，which is roughly when children born in 2017 will reach adulthood. Small economies take up the top 10 countries，with Australia coming second and New Zealand and the Netherlands not too far behind.

　　Half of the top 10 countries are European，but only one，the Netherlands，is from the euro­zone. The crisis­ridden south of Europe，including Greece，Portugal and Spain，falls behind despite the advantage of a favourable climate. Interestingly，the largest European economies—Germany，France and Britain—do not do particularly well. Nigeria has the unenviable(不值得羡慕的)title of being the worst country for a baby to enter the world in 2017.

　　11．According to the passage，the happiest people live in________．

　　A．Denmark

　　B．Switzerland

　　C．Germany

　　D．Nigeria

　　12．The factors of telling the best place to be born don't include________．

　　A．economy

　　B．geography

　　C．trust in public institutions

　　D．pollution

　　13．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

　　A．The Economist Intelligence Unit is a company.

　　B．The Economist attempted to measure the best place to live.

　　C．The Scandinavian countries are hardly at the top of the list.

　　D．Half of the top 10 countries are from the eurozone.

　　14．The purpose of the text is to show people________.

　　A．the best place to be born in 2017

　　B．a new study made by the EIU

　　C．the worst country to be born in 2017

　　D．the factors of measuring the best place to be born

　　【语篇导读】 本文主要通过经济学人智库对国家的幸福指数的研究得出在瑞士出生的人是最幸福的，生活质量也最高，而挪威、瑞典和丹麦这几个斯堪的纳维亚国家也跻身前五名。

　　11. B　细节理解题。 根据文章第一段“Switzerland is the best place to be born in the world in 2017…”和第二段“People born in Switzerland will tend to be the happiest and have the best quality of life…”可知，一般来说，在瑞士出生的人是最幸福的，其生活质量也最高。故答案为B项。

　　12. D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中对于判断最佳居住地的因素介绍可知，没有提到“污染”的问题。故答案为D项。

　　13. A　推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“The EIU, a sister company of the Economist…”可知经济学人智库是一家公司。故A项正确。

　　14. B　主旨大意题。本文的目的是展示经济学人智库的研究结果，而其他三个选项只是其中的一个部分，不能作为文章的目的。故答案为B项。

　　E

　　When we talk about stars ,especially women stars ,it seems that they are always young, pretty and own charming body shapes. But recently a Britain's Got Talent（英国达人）star Susan Boyle has changed our views absolutely.

　　Simon Cowell ,one of the judges of the talent show spoke of his shock over Ms Boyle's voice. "This lady camp up ,and I'm thinking, 'This will take five seconds and I can go to have a cup of tea'. That changed when she began to sing I Dreamed to Dream from Les Miserables. She knew we were going to have that reaction and just to see that look of satisfaction on her face through -it was one of my favorite moments," Cowell said.

　　The performance was posted on line and before long, the 47-year-old Scottish woman has been famous all over the world.

　　Speaking from her home in Scotland, Ms Boyle said that she hasn't thought of changing her appearance. She said that her friend helped her with make-up. "I mean, that's hardly a makeover," she added.Ms Boyle also spoke of the reason she first began to explore her vocal talents, "I was kind of slow at school, so getting like singing was a good way of hiding behind that and thus it built my confidence." 72.Susan Boyle is _________

　　A. a judge

　　B. a reporter

　　C. a beautiful

　　D. a Scottish woman 73.Susan Boyle had a look of satisfaction on her face when she was singing because______.

　　A. she was confident of her singing

　　B. she was satisfied with the judges

　　C. she was pretty and in good shape

　　D. she sang the song I Dreamed a Dream from Les Miserables 74.According to the passage, which is NOT true?

　　A. It was the vocal talents that built Susan's confidence

　　B. Susan Boyle was not good at her lesson when at school.

　　C. Susan Boyle became famous because of her appearance.

　　D. Simon Cowell didn't think Susan Boyle a good singer at the first sight. 75.What can we learn from Susan Boyle's success

　　A. It's never too old to learn.

　　B. It's easier to succeed at the age of 47.

　　C. If you have a dream, try to make it come true!

　　D. If you are not able to study well, to be a singer instead.

　　【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲诉了英国达人”苏珊·波伊尔不是以貌红遍全球，而是以她美妙的歌声出名的。

　　72.【答案】D

　　【解析】根据第三段The performance was posted on line and before long, the 47-year-old Scottish woman has been famous all over the world可知答案为D。

　　【考点定位】考查细节理解能力。

　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　The principles about applying for jobs have altered greatly lately. In the past, people preferred a hand-written application letter. However, nowadays it is becoming more and more common to apply for a job through the Internet. You can find information on the Internet about how to apply for jobs. Information can be found about how to fulfill your application letter, the clothes that you should wear and how to carry out the interview itself.

　　The importance of body language is often mentioned, but doesn’t always get the attention it deserves. After all, before a word has ever been spoken, your body language will have already given people their first impression of you. Additionally, your body language will also give out a lot more information. Based on your body language it can be seen if you are self-confident. It can also show if you are a busy or a quiet type and it helps give an impression of whether you are speaking truthfully or not. Body language can show how enthusiastic you are and if you are a nice person, someone who will take his work seriously, but also someone who has a sense of humor and can enjoy a joke from time to time. The members of the application committee will ask you questions, but your answers won’t only be oral. The committee will not only pay attention to what you say, but also to how you say it!Body language will determine first if it“clicks”, and sometimes all it takes is just a few seconds. Everybody uses body language, but it takes place mostly at a subconscious (下意识的)level. Using body language appropriately, you can definitely increase your chances of getting a job.

　　1. What kind of people is the text mainly meant for?

　　A. Interviewers.B. Job-hunting people.

　　C. Employers. D. Lay-off workers.

　　2. We can learn from the first paragraph that______.　

　　A. hand-written letters are not used in finding a job

　　B. the more expensive clothes interviewees wear, the better

　　C. body language is more important than spoken words

　　D. Internet is of significance in applying for a job

　　3. Using body language well in a job interview will probably______.　

　　A. get rid of the interviewers’ prejudice

　　B. determine what position one will get

　　C. increase the possibility to get the wanted job

　　D. help one remove nervousness

　　4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A. Those using body language are usually confident.

　　B. Body language is often used on purpose in job hunting.

　　C. Body language is a mirror to reflect one’s personality.

　　D. People enjoying jokes are preferred in a job interview.

　　【参考答案】1—4、BDCC

　　阅读理解, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

　　The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the world’s four oceans. Its name comes from the Latin meaning “peaceful sea”， and was given by the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan, whose voyage was plain there.

　　However, the Pacific is not always peaceful. Its islands are often hit by typhoons, and the countries surrounding it have many volcanoes and are often hit by earthquakes. Tsunamis

　　(海啸 ), caused by underwater earthquakes, have destroyed many low－lying coastal towns.

　　The Ocean contains about 46% of Earth’s surface water, and makes up about 32% of its total surface area, more than all of the planet’s land areas.

　　The equator (赤道) divides it into the North Pacific and the South Pacific Oceans, the latter of which contains most of its largest 25,000 islands. The largest landmass entirely within the Pacific Ocean is the island of New Guinea, with Australia to its south；it has been the world’s second－largest island since separating from the Australian mainland.The lowest point on Earth, the Mariana Trench (海沟), lies 10,911 meters below the surface of the Pacific, but the Ocean’s average depth is 4,280 meters.

　　The water temperature of the Pacific varies from freezing at the poles to about 300C near the equator. Its salinity (盐分) also varies from place to place. The water near the equator is less salty because of the rainfall there, but at the poles salinity is also low, because little evaporation (蒸发) takes place in the cold water of these areas.

　　The exploitation (开采) of the Pacific’s mineral wealth is difficult in its deeper parts. However, in the shallow waters of the continental shelves off the coasts of Australia and New Zealand, oil and natural gas are exploited, and pearls are harvested along the coasts of Australia, Japan, Nicaragua and the Philippines.

　　The Pacific’s greatest wealth is its fish, but the fishing industry has been harmed greatly by marine pollution. The biggest harm comes from rivers that carry into the Ocean many chemicals used as fertilizers in agriculture, as well as waste. These days many countries are coming together to try to protect the Ocean.

　　1. Ferdinand Magellan gave the Ocean its name because he________.

　　A. expected to live a peaceful life

　　B．hoped there would be no more wars

　　C．came upon no serious storms while crossing it

　　D．expected to stay safe and healthy there

　　2. From the passage, what do we know about the Pacific Ocean?

　　A．It contains about 32% of the Earth’s surface water.

　　B．It has suffered many natural disasters.

　　C．Its deeper parts haven’t been exploited.

　　D．New Guinea is on the north of it.

　　3. Why is the water at the poles less salty?

　　A．Little of it turns into steam.

　　B．There is abundant rainfall there.

　　C．The ocean currents are slow there.

　　D．Melting snow adds water to the ocean.

　　4. We can infer from the passage that________.

　　A. countries near the Ocean benefit from being on it

　　B．pearls are a major source of income in Japan

　　C．most people prefer to live near the Ocean

　　D．all the countries along the Ocean are developed

　　[解题导语]　本文从几个方面简要介绍太平洋。

　　1.解析：选C。细节理解题。根据whose voyage was plain there可知选C。plain sailing意为“一帆风顺”。

　　2.解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段可知选B；根据第二段可知A、D表述错误；文章倒数第二段提到太平洋的深层很难开采，但并没有提到没开采过，故C项表述错误。

　　3．解析：选A。 细节理解题。根据第三段中because little evaporation takes place in the cold water of these areas可知A正确。因为那儿的海水几乎没有蒸发。B项是赤道附近盐度低的原因。

　　4.解析：选A。推理判断题。从倒数第二段可知那些太平洋的周边国家从海洋的丰富资源中获益不少，因此选A。