2017届高考英语（牛津译林版）一轮复习课时提升作业：(二十一) 选修7 Unit 2 Fit for life

　　课时提升作业(二十一)

　　选修7　Unit 2

　　(建议用时40分钟)

　　. 单项填空

　　1. If the injuries are second or third degree burns, it is ________ to get the victim to the doctor or the hospital at once.

　　A. valid B. vital

　　C. various

　　D. vast

　　【解析】选B。考查形近词辨析。句意: 如果是二度或者三度烧伤, 至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。valid有效的; vital极其重要的; various各种各样的; vast广阔的, 巨大的。根据句意选B。

　　2. (2017·淮阴中学模拟)Mr. Johnson gave us a report last night, which ________ what he did to what he said.

　　A. related B. joined

　　C. agreed

　　D. satisfied

　　【解析】选A。句意: 约翰森先生昨天晚上给了我们一份报告, 将他所做的和所说的联系在一起。relate . . . to. . . “将……与……联系起来”符合语境。join . . . with. . . “把……与……连接起来”; agree“同意”; satisfy“使满意”。

　　3. (2017·南京模拟)We need parental ________ before allowing students to go on field trips.

　　A. enjoyment

　　B. acceptation

　　C. certification

　　D. approval

　　【解析】选D。句意: 在允许学生实地考察之前, 我们需要得到父母的同意。approval“同意, 赞成”, 符合句意。enjoyment“乐趣”; acceptation“通用意义”; certification“证明”。

　　4. Once you have become ________ to cigarette smoking or alcohol, it is hard to ________ it even though you try hard.

　　A. used; get away with

　　B. addicted; get rid of

　　C. adapted; get down to

　　D. accustomed; get off

　　【解析】选B。考查动词短语。句意: 一旦你抽烟或喝酒上瘾后, 即使你努力也很难戒掉。become/be addicted to“上瘾”符合题意。be used to习惯于; be adapted to适应; be accustomed to习惯于; get away with逃脱惩罚; get down to开始认真做; get off下车; get rid of戒掉。

　　5. Personally, I’ve never ________ the view that either sex is superior to the other.

　　A. accounted for

　　B. submitted to

　　C. allowed for

　　D. subscribed to

　　【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 我个人从来都不同意性别有优劣之分的观点。subscribe to同意。

　　6. (2017·启东中学模拟)John has great writing ________ , but he needs training to be a real writer.

　　A. promotion B. potential

　　C. privilege

　　D. possibility

　　【解析】选B。句意: 约翰有巨大的写作潜力, 但是要成为一名真正的作家, 他还需要培训。promotion提升; potential潜力; privilege特权; possibility可能性。根据语境“成为一名真正的作家, 培训”推知此处意思为“巨大潜力”。

　　7. Everybody is ________ at the news that there might be another earthquake, and nobody dares to sleep inside the building.

　　A. alarmed

　　B. annoyed

　　C. astonished

　　D. embarrassed

　　【解析】选C。句意: 每个人对于可能有另一场地震的消息感到震惊, 没有人敢在楼房里睡觉。alarm使恐慌; annoy使烦恼; astonish使震惊; embarrass使尴尬。be astonished at“对……感到震惊”, 符合语境。

　　【拓展延伸】

　　-ing形容词与-ed形容词的区别

　　(1)以后缀-ed结尾的形容词(如ashamed, delighted, excited, frightened, interested, moved, pleased, surprised, worried等)通常用于说明人, 不用于说明事物, 即使它们所修饰的名词是事物, 那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。例如:

　　He had a pleased smile on his face.他脸上露出了满意的微笑。

　　He told me the news in a very excited voice.

　　他声音很激动地告诉了我这个消息。

　　第一句中的a pleased smile意为“满意的微笑”, 它指的是某人因感到满意发出的微笑; 第二句中的a very excited voice指的是“很激动的声音”, 即指的是某人因很激动而发出那样的声音。

　　(2)以后缀-ing结尾的形容词(如delighting, exciting, frightening, interesting, moving, surprising, worrying等)主要用于说明事物, 表示事物的性质或特征, 若用它们说明人, 则表示此人具有此性质或特征。例如:

　　The story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。

　　The man is very interesting. 这个人很有趣。

　　8. (2017·安徽师大附中模拟)Authorities face a ________ task to persuade typhoon survivors to abandon their flood-stricken villages and relocate to safer lands.

　　A. complex B. rough

　　C. tough

　　D. sharp

　　【解析】选C。句意: 官方面对着劝说台风幸存者放弃他们受洪水袭击的村庄迁移到更安全地方的一场艰难的任务。complex复杂的; rough粗糙的; tough艰难的; sharp锋利的。根据常识“劝说人们离开自己家乡, 由于受对故乡的情感影响人们不愿意离开”, 故推知“此种任务艰巨”。

　　9. Be ________ ! You can’t expect me to finish all this work in so little time.

　　A. reasonable B. confident

　　C. creative

　　D. grateful

　　【解析】选A。句意: 要讲道理啊! 你不能希望我在这么少的时间里完成所有任务吧。be reasonable“要讲道理啊”, 根据语境“这么少的时间里完成所有任务”可知答案。

　　10. As is often the case in nature, some plants are so ________ to temperature that they can only survive in cool places.

　　A. addicted B. cautious

　　C. sensitive

　　D. available

　　【解析】选C。句意: 正如大自然中经常看到的情况一样, 某些植物对温度太敏感了以至于它们仅在凉爽的地方存活。addicted对……上瘾的; cautious谨慎的, 小心的; sensitive敏感的; available可以利用的。

　　11. (2017·绍兴模拟)—Have you been to the Great Wall?

　　—Perhaps not in my memory. ________ , it might have been during my early childhood.

　　A. If any

　　B. If so

　　C. If ever

　　D. If not

　　【解析】选C。句意: ——你到过长城吗? ——或许不在记忆中了。如果去过的话, 或许在孩提早期去过。根据语境“在孩提早期去过”推知“如果去过”, 此处为省略句If ever=If I have been to the Great Wall。

　　12. Although it ________ a little bitter, this medicine will be good for curing the disease.

　　A. is tasted B. tasted

　　C. is tasting

　　D. tastes

　　【解析】选D。句意: 尽管尝起来有点苦, 但这种药对治疗这种病有好处。taste是系动词, 不用被动语态, 也不用进行时, 故可排除A、C两项; 由主句的时态可知应选D。13. The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took ________ pictures.

　　A. many of B. a large amount of

　　C. a plenty of

　　D. masses of

　　【解析】选D。句意: 年轻的舞者穿着漂亮的衣服看上去这么迷人以至于我们给她们照了许多照片。若用many, 后面不能用of; a large amount of修饰不可数名词; a plenty of前面不用冠词; masses of“许多; 大量”, 修饰可数名词复数。

　　【加固训练】The construction was left half done, and ________ of money were wasted.

　　A. large numbers B. a great deal of

　　C. large amounts

　　D. masses of

　　【解析】选C。句意: 建筑被剩下一半, 大部分钱都被浪费了。a great deal of +不可数名词; large amounts of+不可数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数。large numbers of+可数名词; masses of+可数名词或不可数名词, 这里修饰money是不可数名词, 但是空格后已有of, 故排除A、B、D三项, 故选C。

　　【拓展延伸】“多”有多种表达

　　+可数名词复数

　　many a +可数名词单数

　　+不可数名词

　　+可数名词复数/不可数名词

　　14. You cannot take back your words ________ they are out of your mouth.

　　A. before

　　B. whether

　　C. once

　　D. while

　　【解析】选C。句意: 一旦说出口你就不可能收回你所说的话。根据语境“一旦……”表示条件, 故答案为C。

　　15. He was almost asleep, ________ with all this hard work.

　　A. worn down B. worn out

　　C. worn off

　　D. worn away【解析】选B。句意: 他干了这么多重活儿, 累得精疲力竭, 差不多睡着了。wear out“使疲乏; 使厌倦; 使耗尽”; wear down“使消瘦, 使厌烦”; wear off“渐渐减少; 消逝”; wear away“消磨, 打发, 虚度; (时光等)流逝”。

　　. 完形填空

　　Cindy Sydney is the founder of C&S Paving Inc. (铺路公司)in Miami, USA. In the following account, she recalls the job that challenged her　1　and skill but left her flying high.

　　When the Miami Airport was under　2　in 1979, we were a new company struggling to make it. National Car Rental wanted to have 2, 500 square meters of dirt paved　3　the cars could be on site　4　the airport opened, and the official opening was only ten days away! 　5　other local paving company wanted to do the job, stating it couldn’t be done in such a　6　time.

　　Because we were new and really needed the work, we were　7　to try harder. We gave National Car Rental our offer and　8　our best effort to get the job finished within ten days. We also　9　them that if we failed, they would be no worse off, 　10　they had plenty to gain if we succeeded.

　　We got the job and immediately went into　11　. Working at night needed lights, so I rented a machine to produce electricity for the site. Our　12　challenge was to keep the rock mixture　13　enough. All the available water wagons(洒水车)were rented out for the airport construction, and we certainly couldn’t　14　to buy a new one. Instead, I got a special　15　to rent fire engine hoses(消防水龙带)and connect them to nearby hydrant(消防栓); then I　16　held one of those hoses to　17　down the rock.

　　Those ten days were filled with challenges that　18　one creative idea after another. Nine days later, the night before the airport opened, National Car Rental was the only company that had cars on the parking lot.

　　The key to our success was having the　19　to take on any job and then being　20　in our approach to getting it done.

　　【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。本文是C&S铺路公司创始人Cindy Sydney讲述她在创业初期的一段经历。国家汽车租赁公司要赶在机场开放之前将一条土路修好, 由于时间很紧, 别的公司都不敢承担这项任务, 只有C&S铺路公司勇敢地接下了这一工程, 并运用常人难以想象的创造力圆满完成了铺路任务。短文最后得出结论: 成功的秘诀是勇气和创新。

　　1. A. kindness B. patience

　　C. imagination

　　D. experience

　　【解析】选C。词语辨析题。根据文章倒数第二段Those ten days. . . one creative idea after another, 再结合文章内容可推知, 应选imagination。

　　2. A. construction B. repair

　　C. control

　　D. development

　　【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。从下文可知, 飞机场正在建设中, under construction“在建设中”。

　　3. A. after B. as

　　C. for

　　D. so

　　【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。so that引导状语从句, that可省略。

　　4. A. while B. since

　　C. where

　　D. when

　　【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。when当……的时候, 引导时间状语从句。

　　5. A. Some B. Any

　　C. No

　　D. Every

　　【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。从上文“the official opening was only ten days away”可知任务很紧, 后面“it couldn’t be done in such a ________ time”可推知, 没有公司想做这项工作。

　　6. A. short B. vacant

　　C. initial

　　D. regular

　　【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。任务很紧, 没有公司想做, 说明这项任务不可能在短时间内完成。short符合语境。

　　7. A. able B. nervous

　　C. afraid

　　D. willing

　　【解析】选D。固定搭配题。be willing to do sth. 乐意干某事, 与其他公司形成对比。

　　8. A. supported B. promised

　　C. continued

　　D. improved

　　【解析】选B。词语辨析题。由上文内容可推出, 这里是许诺尽最大的努力在十天内完成这项任务。

　　9. A. asked B. surprised

　　C. reminded

　　D. demanded

　　【解析】选C。词语辨析题。我们也提醒他们说如果失败, 他们不会更糟。

　　10. A. though B. but

　　C. as

　　D. unless

　　【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。此处意思“但是如果我们成功, 他们将获得很多”。

　　11. A. discussion B. action

　　C. practice

　　D. production

　　【解析】选B。固定搭配题。从文中可以看出, 这里是开始行动(go into action)。

　　12. A. next B. first

　　C. past

　　D. previous

　　【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。由前文可知第一个挑战是需要灯光, 所以这是接下来的挑战。

　　13. A. cold B. wet

　　C. loose

　　D. clean

　　【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。从下文“需要洒水车”可知, 这里是要让“the rock mixture wet enough”。故选B。

　　14. A. swear B. delay

　　C. consult

　　D. afford

　　【解析】选D。词语辨析题。所有的洒水车都被租出去了, 我们又买不起新的。

　　15. A. excuse B. order

　　C. permit

　　D. reason

　　【解析】选C。词语辨析题。此处意思“我得到一张特殊许可证, 可以租消防水龙带使其与消防栓相连来解决问题”。permit许可证。16. A. exactly B. personally

　　C. angrily

　　D. hardly

　　【解析】选B。词语辨析题。personally亲自; hardly几乎不; angrily生气地; exactly确切地。根据句意可知, 选personally。

　　17. A. pull B. knock

　　C. hit

　　D. water

　　【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据上文“需要洒水车”可知, 这里是要冲石头。

　　18. A. required B. mixed

　　C. followed

　　D. formed

　　【解析】选A。词语辨析题。根据句意“那十天充满了挑战, 这些挑战需要一个接一个创造性的解决办法”。

　　19. A. courage B. interest

　　C. hope

　　D. chance

　　【解析】选A。词语复现题。从上文反复出现challenge可知, 需要勇气去接受任何工作。

　　20. A. shabby B. efficient

　　C. creative

　　D. urgent

　　【解析】选C。词汇复现题。要用创造性的方法来完成它, 选creative有创造力的。上文的“one creative idea after another”也是暗示。

　　. 阅读理解

　　Below is a brief analysis of the first name only. For an analysis of your full name and destiny, see our service for further details.

　　①The name of Iosefo creates a mature, self-possessed, and responsible nature. 　

　　②You are an organizer and leader who exercises sound and fair judgment in all your dealings, both business and personal.

　　③The name is a very practical influence, causing you to take your responsibilities seriously. 　

　　④At times it is difficult for you to see the lighter or more humorous side of a situation because of your serious attitude.

　　⑤Your highly capable and efficient nature makes it difficult for some people to approach you. 　

　　⑥Although you desire to serve your fellow man, you may at times lack tolerance for those who are less self-assured and whose approach to life is not as positive and optimistic as your own. 　

　　⑦You are strongly independent and would be happiest when working without supervision, preferably in your own business where you have the challenge of “standing or falling” by your own decisions.

　　⑧A good material standard of living is of utmost importance to you and you are careful to select only the best quality in all your purchases.

　　In your free Name and Birth Date Report you will find out about the powerful energies contained in your:

　　•first name

　　•last name

　　•combined names

　　•legal names

　　•business signatures

　　•nickname

　　•destiny

　　•life purpose and inner potential measured from your date of birth

　　We Are Here To Help

　　We thank you for your interest and we look forward to talking with you further about the Kabalarian Philosophy after you have read your free Name and Birth Date Report.

　　【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。作者主要向人们介绍了一本关于名字的书, 以便人们购买。

　　1. According to the passage, the following eight items refer to a brief analysis of ________ .

　　A. one’s full name

　　B. one’s first name

　　C. one’s last name

　　D. one’s legal name

　　【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句话“Below is a brief analysis of the first name only. ”可知答案。

　　2. People can find out about the powerful energies contained in one’s ________ .

　　A. nickname

　　B. life purpose and inner potential measured from one’s date of birth

　　C. free name and birth date report

　　D. destiny

　　【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据题干“People can find out about the powerful energies”可以从文中“In your free Name and Birth Date Report you will find out about the powerful energies”找到答案C。

　　3. What is the passage intended to do?

　　A. To make an advertisement.

　　B. To report a kind of service.

　　C. To turn out a scientific result.

　　D. To introduce a book about a kind of service.

　　【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章对人名的由来介绍推知这篇文章作者的目的是介绍一本关于名字的书。

　　——瞻前顾后话语境

　　根据上下文提供的信息进行分析及推理的能力是学生应该形成的一种能力, 高考中的完形填空题中绝大部分属于这种题型。有的根据上文, 有的根据下文, 有的要上下文结合甚至通篇看完并理解才能做出正确的选择, 所以学生做此类完形填空题时, 一定要兼顾上下文语境。

　　1. 答案在上句语境中发现

　　When the Miami Airport was under construction in 1979, we were a new company struggling to make it. National Car Rental wanted to have 2, 500 square meters of dirt paved so the cars could be on site when the airport opened, and the official opening was only ten days away! No other local paving company wanted to do the job, stating it couldn’t be done in such a ________ time.

　　A. shortB. vacantC. initialD. regular

　　分析: 为什么没有公司想做? 根据上句语境“离官方规定的时间仅有10天”可知任务很紧, 说明这项任务不可能在“短”时间内完成。short符合语境。

　　2. 答案在下句语境中推知

　　有时孤立看留空格句子, 好像答案很难推出, 但联系下句意思, 就会发现问题。

　　Our next challenge was to keep the rock mixture ________ enough. All the available water wagons were rented out for the airport construction, and we certainly couldn’t afford to buy a new one.

　　A. cold

　　B. wet

　　C. loose

　　D. clean

　　分析: 从下文“需要洒水车”可知“既然是洒水车”一定会让……“湿”, 这里是要让“the rock mixture wet enough”。故B符合语境。