2016届高考英语一轮复习课件：第二部分 语法专项专练专题四 非谓语动词(北师大版)

　　(4)在“be＋adj.(pleasant，nice，comfortable，hard，easy等)＋to do sth.”结构中，常用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。 In many people’s opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant to deal with. 2．不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语多表示将来的动作。 We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday. 3．have，get后作宾补的三种非谓语动词形式 have，get作“使、让、叫”讲时，其后可接“动词­ed形式，动词­ing形式和动词不定式”这三种形式作宾补。 (1)have sth.done ＝ get sth.done使/让某事被别人所做；使某物遭受 Every year，Tom remembers to have some flowers sent to her mother on her birthday. Mr. Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holiday. 【悟一悟→参透误区】 have sth. to do“有事情要做”。在此结构中，不定式作定语。 I’m sorry，I can’t go out with you. I have an urgent thing to settle. [学以致用] Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空 1．(2017·湖南高考)________(free)ourselves from the physical and mental tensions，we each need deep thought and inner quietness. 2．(2017·四川高考)—I hope to take the computer courese. —Good idea.________(find)out more about it，visit this website. 3．(2017·江西高考)________(spend)nearly all our money，we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel. 4．(2017·陕西高考)________(work)out the difficult maths problem，I have consulted Professor Russell several times. 5．(2017·重庆高考)Group activities will be organized after class________(help)children develop team spirit. 6．(2017·福建高考)________(spend)the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong，Linda appears more mature than those of her age. 7．(2017·江苏高考)The lecture________(give)，a lively question­and­answer session followed. 8．(2017·北京高考)Last night，there were millions of people________(watch)the opening ceremony live on TV. 9．(2017·北京高考)There are still many problems________(solve)before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. 10．(2017·江西高考)He is thought ________ (act)foolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. 11．(2017·江西高考)When it comes to ________ (speak)in public，no one can match him. 12．(2017·陕西高考)It’s quite hot today. Do you feel like ________(go)for a swim? 13．(2017·北京高考)The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore，he can go shopping without ________(recognize)． 14．(2017·山东高考)It’s standard practice for a company like this one ________(employ)a security officer. 15．(2017·山东高考)The room is empty except for a bookshelf________(stand) in one corner. 16．(2017·山东高考)I stopped the car________(take) a short break as I was feeling tired. 17．(2017·山东高考)________(eat) at the cafeteria before，Tina didn’t want to eat there again. 18．(2017·陕西高考)Let those in need________(understand) that we will go all out to help them. 19．(2017·陕西高考)The witnesses________(question) by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. 20．(2017·四川高考)Not________(know) which university to attend，the girl asked her teacher for advice. 21．(2017·四川高考)The airport________(complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area. 22．(2017·天津高考)In some languages，100 words make up half of all words________(use) in daily conversations. 23．(2017·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)They might just have a place________(leave) on the writing course—why don’t you give it a try? 24．(2017·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)The sunlight is white and blinding，________(throw) hard­edged shadows on the ground. 25．(2017·重庆高考)When I was little，my mother used to sit by my bed，________(tell) me stories till I fell asleep. 26．(2017·重庆高考)The engine just won’t start.Something seems________(go) wrong with it. 27．(2017·浙江高考)________(hear) how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure. 28．(2017·浙江高考)There are some health problems that，when not________(treat) in time，can become bigger ones later on. 答案　1.To free　2.To find　3.Having spent　4.To work 5．to help　6.Having spent　7.having been given　 8．watching　9.to be solved　10.to have acted　11.speaking 12．going　13.being recognized　14.to employ　 15．standing　16.to take　17.Having eaten　18.understand 19．questioned　20.knowing　21.to be completed　22.used　23.left　24.throwing　25.telling　 26.to have gone　 27．Hearing　28.treated Ⅱ.语篇填空(用所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文) Freud was one of the first scientists 1.________(make) serious research of the mind.The mind is the collection of activities 2.________(base) in the brain that involve how we act，think，feel and reason. He used long talks with patients and the study of dreams 3.________(search) for the causes of mental and emotional problems.He also tried hypnosis.He wanted to see if 4.________(put) patients into a sleep­like condition would help ease 5.________(trouble) minds.In most cases he found the effects only temporary.Freud worked hard，although what he did might sound easy.His method involved

　　6.________(sit) with his patients and 7.________(listen) to them talk.He had them 8.________(talk) about whatever they were thinking.All ideas，thoughts and anything that entered their mind had to 9.________(express)．There could be no 10.________(hold) back because of fear or guilt. 答案　1.to make　2.based　3.to search　4.putting 5．troubled　6.sitting　7.listening　8.talk　 9．be expressed　10.holding 专题四　非谓语动词 一、动词的­ed形式 1．动词­ed形式作状语 (1)动词­ed形式作状语，进一步说明谓语动词的动作或状态，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语。 Used with care，one tin will last for six weeks.(2017·北京高考) Clearly and thoughtfully writen，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answer.(2017·天津高考) (2)某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，此时这些过去分词表示一种状态。这样的词(组)常见的有：lost (迷路的)，seated (坐)，hidden (躲)，stationed (驻扎)，lost/absorbed in (沉溺于)，dressed in (穿着)，tired of (感到厌倦)等。 Absorbed in his book，he didn’t notice me enter the room. 2．动词­ed形式作定语 动词­ed形式(短语)作定语与它所修饰的名词之间在逻辑上存在被动关系，并表示该动作的被动或完成。 The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras returned to our shop for quality problems.(2017·重庆高考) 3．动词­ed形式作宾语补足语 动词­ed形式作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语，该动词与宾语之间存在动宾关系。 The manager was satisfied to see many new products developed after great effort.(2017·四川高考) 4．动词­ed形式作表语 动词­ed形式作表语时，大多数是已经形容词化的过去分词。如：seated，disappointed，stuck，excited等。 While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty.(2017·安徽高考) 二、动词的­ing形式 1．动词­ing形式作状语 (1)动词的­ing形式作状语表示在进行一动作的同时所进行的另一动作，它对谓语动词起修饰和陪衬的作用。动词的­ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况。 Pressed from his parents，and realizing that he has wasted too much time，the boy is determined to stop playing video games.(2017·福建高考) There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland，staring at the night sky.

　　(2017·湖南高考) (2)动词­ing形式有一般式、被动式、完成式和完成被动式四种形式，每一种形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not构成。一般式(doing)表示主动的一般性的动作或者正在进行的动作；被动式(being done)表示正在进行的被动的动作；完成式(having done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的主动的动作；完成被动式(having been done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动的动作。 Having been told many times，he finally understood it. The old man，having worked abroad for twenty years，came back to his motherland. Not having fully recovered from the operation，the patient was advised to stay in hospital for another two weeks. 2．动词­ing形式作定语 动词­ing形式(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。 There’s a note pinned to the door saying when the shop will open again.(2017·山东高考) 3．动词­ing形式作宾语补足语 动词­ing形式作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语，该动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系。动词­ing形式作宾语补足语强调正在进行中的主动动作。可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see，watch，hear，observe，feel，find，have，keep等。 Jenny found a wallet lying on the ground. 4．动词­ing形式作宾语 (1)常接动词­ing作宾语的动词(短语) advise (建议)，admit (承认)，appreciate (感激)，avoid (避免)，can’t help (禁不住)，consider (考虑)，delay (推迟)，enjoy (欣赏)，escape (逃脱)，finish (完成)，imagine (想象)，keep (on) (继续)，mind (介意)，practice (练习)，suggest (建议)，miss (错过)，feel like (想要)，devote...to (把……献给)，get used to (习惯于)，look forward to (期望)，object to (反对)，set about (开始)，put off (推迟)等。 I had great difficulty finding the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. Bill suggested holding a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation. (2)可用动词­ing，也可用不定式作宾语，但意义区别明显的动词

　　I still remember being taken to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. (3)动词want，need，require意为“需要”时，后面跟动词­ing主动式或动词不定式的被动式作宾语区别不大。 The flowers need/want/require watering/to be watered. (4)在动词allow，advise，forbid，permit后面直接跟动词­ing作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则应用带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 We don’t allow smoking here. We don’t allow anyone to smoke here. 5．动词­ing形式作主语 动词­ing形式作主语表示抽象的、泛指的动作，尤其是一般行为倾向。 (1)一般形式 It’s not easy to learn English well. Reading as much as possible is necessary. (2)通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长，用it作形式主语，动词­ing后置。 It is no good learning without practice. 三、动词不定式 1．不定式作状语 (1)不定式用来作目的状语。作目的状语时，不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语，往往意为“为了；想要”。 Having finished her project，she was invited by the school to speak to the new students.(2017·江西高考) (2)不定式用于so...as to...；such...as to；enough to...；too...to...；only to...等结构中作结果状语。 Anxiously，she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，only to find it didn’t fit.(2017·天津高考) 【悟一悟→参透误区】 不定式和现在分词作结果状语的区别：不定式作结果状语往往表示意想不到的结果，而现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果。 It rained heavily in the south，causing serious flooding in several provinces. (3)不定式与形容词连用作原因状语。这些形容词主要有：happy，kind，surprised，frightened，angry，shocked，glad，delighted，disappointed等。 We were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition.