2016届高考（北师大版）英语一轮复习：第一部分模块复习方略 选修八 23

　　课时作业二十三

　　A(全员必做)(时间：45分钟　满分100分)选词并用其适当形式填空，nutrition，conscious，subscribe，represent，consume，prejudice，remark，betray，appoint，she has been chosen as the only representative of our company to attend the meeting.was unconscious but still breathing when the ambulance arrived.

　　3．The dealer remarked that seldom had such an incident happened.

　　4．The assistant

　　was appointed to distribute a new car at the company’s expense to Mr.Li last year.

　　5．Women still have to face a great deal of prejudice in the workplace.

　　6．As is known to all，nutrition and exercise are essential to fitness and health.d of saying something that would make him betray himself.

　　8．Every year his parents subscribe several journals for him to broaden his view.

　　9．In this hospital，patients are classified into three categories.，many people have dramatically 完成句子(李先生拥有的) suddenly caught fire itself.No sooner had the incident come about than (事故一发生) Mr.Li called on the dealer to send professionals to look into (调查) it.(本打算把损坏的电视送交……) to the Association of Consumers to expose it (曝光此事)．(提出了一个折中的方案) to reduce the bad influence.(吃得越多)，the fatter (越胖)you will become.Ⅲ.联句成篇(选用练习Ⅰ、Ⅱ中的句子，根据语篇中的提示加以改写，完成语篇翻译)上周，李先生家的一台电视机忽然自燃了。事故一发生李先生就要求商家派专业人员来调查此事。李先生本打算把这台损坏的电视送交消费者协会并对此事予以曝光。但是，商家声称这类事故很少发生。然后商家为减小不良影响，提出了一个折中方案。最终，经销商派自己的助理免费送给李先生一台新电视。答案　Last week，a TV set in the possession of Mr.Li suddenly caught fire itself.No sooner had the incident come ，the dealer remarked that seldom had such an incident happened.Then the dealer put forward a compromise to reduce the bad influence.At last the dealer appointed his assistant to distribute a new TV set at their expense to Mr.Li.阅读理解ere added to the list of threatened species and will receive special protection under the U．S.law.In his statement，United States Secretary of the Interior Dirk Kempthorne noted that the decline of Arctic sea ice is the greatest threat to the bears.ears live in the Arctic and hunt seals and other fatty marine mammals from sea ice.They also travel，mate，and sometimes give birth on the ice.But sea ice is melting as the planet warms，and it is predicted to continue to do so for several more decades.“Polar bears are likely to become endangered in the foreseeable future，” Kempthorne said.，the protection of polar bears will not change the U．S.climate policy.，which means that the bear’s new threatened status will not stop oil exploration in its habitat.Hunting polar bears as a food source by certain native people will also continue.However，importing polar bear products from Canada will be banned.，whose studies released in 2007 found that two­thirds of the world’s polar bears could go extinct by 2050.Bergen and other WCS staff are “，he said.though it doesn’t directly influence the emission of carbon dioxide so to speak，we think it is a definite decision in the right direction and we’re pleased to see the is species，” he added.，particularly in Canada and Greenland.解题导语　本文是说明文。全球变暖，北极海冰日渐消融，直接威胁到北极熊的生存，目前北极熊已经被列入濒危物种的名单。　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the decline of Arctic sea ice is the greatest threat to the bears”可知，北极海冰的减少是对北极熊最大的威胁。故选C。]lar bears threatened people’s lives.

　　C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But sea ice is melting as the planet warms”可知，北极海冰融化是因为全球变暖。故选C。根据第二段第二句中的sometimes可知B项中的mainly表述不正确。]

　　．international cooperation

　　C．climate change

　　D．carbon emissions

　　B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Bergen noted that saving the polar bear mainly depends on international cooperation”可知，拯救北极熊必须依靠国际上的合作。故选B。]ar bear products have been forbidden all over the world.

　　B．Polar bears mainly feed on thinner and weaker marine mammals.

　　C．People still have not stopped hunting for polar bears.

　　D．Protecting polar bears must change the U．S.climate policy.

　　C　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Hunting polar bears as a food source by certain native people will also continue”可推断出，人们还没有停止猎杀北极熊，故选C。]

　　Telling fewer lies benefits people physically and mentally.Anita E．Kelly，study author and professor of psychology at the University of Notre Dame，employed 110 adults for her study.She divided them into two groups and asked one group to stop lying for 10 weeks.Lies included big ones and tiny ones—any false statements—but participants were still allowed to leave out the truth，keep secrets and ，etc.The other group wasn’t given any special instructions about lying.，but those who were specifically told to tell the truth improved their health more.“We found that the participants could purposefully and dramatically reduce their everyday lies.That in turn was associated with significantly improved health，” said Kelly.en participants in the no­lie group told three fewer white lies than they did in other weeks，they experienced，on average，fewer mental­health complaints and physical complaints.They were less likely to feel tense or sad and also experienced fewer sore throats and headaches.They also reported that personal relationships improved.Additionally，participants found themselves honest about their daily accomplishments，and they stopped making up excuses for being late or failing to complete a task，for example.certainly a worthy goal to have people be more honest and interact with others in a more honest way，”

　　says University of Massachusetts psychologist Robert Feldman.“That would be beneficial.I’m a little doubtful whether it makes us all healthier，but it may make us healthier in a psychological way.”

　　解题导语　本文主要讲述了诚实有益于人们的身心健康。e sore throats and headaches.

　　C．Not all the participants were required to tell the truth.

　　D．Participants involved are asked not to keep secrets.

　　C　[细节理解题。根据第一段第四句中的“but participants were still allowed to leave out the truth”可知应选C。]The participants of the two groups

　　．　[细节理解题。根据It turned out that both groups reduced their lying”可知应选C。]，we can learn that

　　． honest with others but with themselves

　　D．telling the truth can make people physically and mentally healthy

　　B　[细节理解题。根据文章的最后一句“I’m a little doubtful whether it makes us all healthier，but it may make us healthier in a psychological way.”可知应选B。]

　　．　[主旨大意题。第一段的第一句和最后一段首尾呼应，点明主题。故A项正确。](自主选做)(时间：45分钟　满分：100分)完形填空？My feeling is yes.

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　　to practice that creates animal welfare issues.Simply ask：does it satisfy a human need that justifies

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　　？This should not mean that anything we require can morally be gained by making good use of animals to humans’

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　　，or even to place human need

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　　animal welfare，but it can offer us a good starting place to

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　　pointlessly the harmful practice.

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　　．The motivation to keep a

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　　velty.There is no overwhelming human benefit originating from

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　　primates(灵长类动物) as pets that justifies its continuation.

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　　this, the committee’s use of the word “draconian (严厉的)”to describe the useless ban is inappropriate.Some

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　　against the ban have merit，especially the concern that it could create a black market for animals

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　　suffering would be sure to increase.But my conversations with monkey owners have led me to

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　　that the most important aspect of this debate is public

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　　．They were not cruel people，simply unaware of the

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　　for harm.One lady

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　　ing to

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　　to a pet shop.The ban would be a powerful

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　　to the public that it is not appropriate to keep primates as pets.

　　The ease with which I could buy a marmoset(绢猴) raises 18

　　about just how many might be out there and MPs are right to demand further study into the popularity of primate pets.But the number should not make a difference.If the committee agrees in “

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　　” that primates are inappropriate pets，then it should recommend an immediate

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　　．解题导语　本文是一篇议论文，文章分析了人们把猴当成宠物来养对宠物的伤害，建议人们放弃这一做法。　B．added　[此处表示应用到实践。apply“应用”，符合语境。adjust“调整，适应”；add“增加”；distribute“分发ing

　　D．health　[仅仅为了满足人的需求而使动物受苦合法吗？suffering“(肉体或精神上的)痛苦”；wound“(刀，枪)伤”。故选C。]　[to one’s advantage“符合某人的利益，对某人有利”，符合语境。to one’s surprise“令某人吃惊的是”；to one’s credit“值得表扬”；to one’s joy“令某人高兴的是”。故选A。]　[此处表示把人类的需求放在动物福利之上。above“超过，在……之上”，符合语境。故选B。]　[do away with“废除，取消”，符合语境。fit in with“适应，与……合得来”；put up with“容忍”；get away with“做(坏事)而未受惩罚”。]　[根据文章主旨可知，人们养猴为宠物都有一个共同的(common)需求，那就是给自己做伴。common“共同的，共有的”，符合语境。average“一般的，平均的”；usual“通常的”；general“一般的”。]og

　　C．cat

　　D．monkey

　　D　[全文谈论的对象是以猴子为宠物。故选D。]　[keep primates as pets“饲养灵长类动物为宠物”。故选B。]　[this指代上一句话，故前后两句存在因果关系。on account of“因为，由于”；in support of“支持”；in response to“为了回应”；on behalf of“代表”。故选C。]　[这里指的argument“争论，争辩”，符合语境。talk“交谈”request“请求”；command“命令”。故选B。]　[分析句于结构可知，该句是定语从句，从句不缺少成分，先行词为market，所以用关系副词where。故选B。]　[此处表示与一些猴的主人的谈话使我得出结论(conclude)，这场争论最重要的方面就是公众教育(education)。根据语境可知，选A。confirm“确认，证实”；conduct“实施，执行”；condemn“谴责”。]　[参见上题解析。]　[他们不是凶残的人，仅仅是没有意识到对动物造成伤害的可能性(potential)”。withdrawal“撤退，取消”；trial“试验”；material“材料”。故选C。]　[break into tears相当于burst into tears“突然大哭起来”，符合语境。break off“中断，折断”；break in“闯入”；break out“爆发”。故选D。]　[当描述到她有多么担心她的宠物时，这位妇人突然大哭起来。根据该语境可知，这里指的是把宠物送到宠物店管理。give up“交出，放弃”，符合语境。give away“赠送，赠给”；give out“散发，分发”；give back“还给”。故选A。]se

　　D．favor　[根据主语“The ban”并结合上下文可知，这里指的是一个强有力的警告。warning“警告，提醒”，符合语境。praise“表扬”；favor“支持，帮助”。故选B。]　[根据上文的“buy a marmoset(绢猴)以及下文中的“demand further study into the popularity of primate pets”可知，这里应该是引起关注(concerns)。donation“捐赠”；debate“辩论”；conflict“冲突”。故选C。]　[根据空格后的“inappropriate pets”(不合适的宠物)推断，委员会在in principle“原则上”，符合语境。in theory“理论上”；in practice“实践中”；in effect“实际上”。故选B。]　[养灵长类动物为宠物应当被禁止。故选D。]阅读理解enough，such as the fear of losing one’s job or having a disease during an outbreak.Other fears，however，are not reasonable，such as the fear of snakes，or enclosed spaces.Doctors call the latter claustrophobia (幽闭恐惧症)．，from the Greek word for “fear”is the term health experts use to describe these unreasonable mental states of anxiety.People who have claustrophobia feel anxious or nervous when they are in elevators，cars，or ，in severe cases，is to panic.They may end up shaking，sweating，hyperventilating (呼吸急促)，or even fainting.To those without this phobia，it seems unreasonable to have these kinds of reactions to enclosed spaces，but to the claustrophobic person，it is their natural reaction to a situation they consider threatening.Unfortunately，having an anxiety or panic attack confirms that person’s fear，and they begin to ，those suffering phobias can be helped to overcome them.The hardest step on the road to recovery is the first.The realization that a phobia is unreasonable leads to further anxiety.Support and encouragement from family，friends, and colleagues to

　　seek advice is of great help.Techniques for treatment include flooding，which exposes the person to the source of their anxiety in a controlled situation，and counter­conditioning，using self­relaxation methods to get through anxiety attacks.In the most severe cases，these techniques may be accomplished by medicines.People being treated can get over their fear in eight to ten weeks.

　　There is no good reason to live in constant fear.If you have a phobia，seek medical advice and treatment.If you know someone with a phobia，be supportive.Fear is sometimes a necessary part of the human experience，but unreasonable fear is not.解题导语　本文主要介绍了幽闭恐惧症的症状以及有效治疗恐惧症的几种具体的办法。，what is phobia? disease.

　　C　[细节理解题。通过第二段的第一句给恐惧症下的定义可知，恐惧症就是一种不合理的焦虑。故C项正确。]

　　．　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“People who have claustrophobia feel anxious or nervous when they are in elevators，cars，or even large rooms.”可知，一个患有幽闭恐惧症的人在汽车中会感到焦虑。故C项正确。]heart rate.

　　B．Loss of hearing.　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Their response，in severe cases，is to panic.They may end up shaking，sweating，hyperventilating (呼吸急促)，or even fainting.”可知，患幽闭恐惧症的人无法保持平静，故C项正确。]hat person.

　　B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Support and encouragement from family，friends，and colleagues to seek advice is of great help.”以及最后一段中的“If you know someone with a phobia，be supportive.”可知B项正确。]书面表达假设今年寒假的最后三天，某志愿者组织开展了一次“感受城市”的农村留守孩子冬令营活动，你参加了这次活动。请根据以下内容用英语写一篇文章向校报投稿。时间 2月11～13号

　　对象 全市农村优秀留守孩子共100名

　　活动 11号 参观科技馆、大学城

　　12号 参观工业园(industrial park)和新经济开发区(new economic development zone)

　　13号 参观历史博物馆，返回

　　感受 体验城里孩子的生活；感受城市的快速发展，感到兴奋、难忘注意：1.词数120左右；开头已给出，但不计入总词数；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。，a volunteer organization organized a special winter camp for the left­behind children throughout the rural areas in our city.【参考范文】three days of this winter vacation，a volunteer organization organized a special winter camp for the left­behind children throughout the rural areas in our city.I was lucky to be elected one of the 100 children.y，we visited the science and technology museum，impressed with high tech.Then we were shown around the college town.Looking at the beautiful campus and chatting with some college teachers，we were inspired and determined to study here after graduation.The second day we went to the industrial park and new economic development zone.The last day，we visited the history museum，getting to know the history of our city，after which we said good­bye to this trip.，we experienced urban children’s life and felt our city’s fast development.We were all excited and happy.I will never forget it