2017年高一英语课件 Unit4《Earthquakes》（新人教版必修1）

　　7．frightening adj. 令人恐惧的 [教材原句]　It was a frightening night. 这是一个骇人的夜晚。 (1)frightened adj. 受惊的 be frightened of sth./to do 害怕…… be frightened at/by sth.因……而害怕 (2)frighten sb.into(doing)sth.把某人吓得做某事 [见证2017]An aggressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy. 一头凶猛的熊通常会冲上前去吓走敌人。(2017·北京卷阅读理解B) ①That is a frightening experience. 那是一次可怕的经历。 ②She'll____________to death when she sees the way you drive. 看到你那样开车，她会吓死的。 ③Sorry，I didn't mean to________you. 对不起，我没有要吓唬你的意思。 ④The little girl was frightened________the sudden noise. 这个小女孩听到突然的噪音吓了一跳。 ⑤The________news made all of them________to death. 那个令人恐惧的消息使他们都害怕得要命。 答案： ②be frightened　③frighten　④at　⑤frightening；frightened 8．congratulation n. 祝贺；(复数)贺词 [教材原句]　Congratulations！We are pleased to tell you that you have won the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan. 恭喜你！我们很高兴地告诉你，你已经赢得了以新唐山为主题的高中组演讲比赛。 (1)offer/send one's congratulations to sb.向某人致以祝贺 congratulations to sb.on sth.祝贺某人某事 a letter of congratulation贺信 (2)congratulate vt.祝贺 congratulate sb.on(doing)sth.因某事向某人祝贺 [见证2017]—I got that job I wanted at the public library. ——我得到了我一直想要的在公众图书馆的工作。 —Congratulations！That's good news. ——祝贺你，那是一个好消息。(2017·陕西卷) ①Congratulations on your passing the exam! 祝贺你通过了这次考试！ ②She________me warmly________my good exam results. 她热烈祝贺我考试取得好成绩。 答案：②congratulated；on [比较辨析] celebrate 表示“庆祝，祝贺”，指以行动(如送礼、开聚会等)来庆祝生日、节日等，celebrate的对象是事物 congratulate 意为“祝贺”，指用言语表达祝贺，其对象是人 [填一填] ①We held a large party to________his birthday. ②We________him ________ winning the game. 答案： ①celebrate　②congratulated；on 9．judge n. 法官；裁判员　vt. 判断；断定；判决 [教材原句]　Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year. 评委会的五位评委听了你的演讲，他们都认为你的演讲是今年最好的。 ①judge sb./sth.(to be)＋n./adj.　判断……是…… ②judge...by/from...根据……判断 ③judging from/by...根据……判断 [见证2017]Wearing proper clothes is important too，for locals will judge you by what you wear. 穿合适的衣服也很重要，因为当地人会通过你的穿着来判断你。(2017·重庆卷阅读理解B) ①Never judge a book by its cover. 勿以貌取人。 ②________from his pale face，he may be not well. 从他苍白的面容来看，他可能不健康。 ③I judge him ________(be)worthy of confidence. 我断定他值得信任。 答案： ②Judging　③to be 10．honour vt.尊重；尊敬；给(某人)荣誉　n．尊重；荣誉 [教材原句]　Next month the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster. 下个月我市将开放一个新公园，以纪念在那次可怕的灾难中死去的人们。 [见证2017]It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school. 能在这里和大家分享在高中应该学什么的看法，我感到非常荣幸。(2017·江西卷) ①One must show honour to one's parents. 一个人对父母必须尊敬。 ②He is________honour to our school. 他是我们学校的光荣。 ③He________for what he had done. 他因他所做的事受到尊敬。 ④There is a party tonight________ honour of our new manager. 为了庆祝新经理上任，今晚举行一个晚会。 答案：②an　③was honoured　④in 11．at an end　结束；终结 [教材原句]　It seemed as if the world was at an end! 好像世界末日到了！ 板块二：短语和句型 (1)at the end of在……尽头/末端(指时间或空间) by the end of到……时候为止(常与完成时态连用) in the end 最后；终于 come to an end 结束 put/bring sth.to an end 结束…… make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出 (2)end up 结束；告终 end in 以……结束 ①It was in a tree，too，that our days of fooling around in the woods came to an end. 也正是在一棵树上我们在森林中的快乐时光走到了尽头。 ②His plan ended________total failure. 他的计划以彻底失败告终。 ③At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up________(apologize)． 最初他拒不承认有任何责任，到头来还是道了歉。 ④As soon as you hear it，you know the meeting is________an end. 一听到这句话，你就知道会议要结束了。 ⑤They gave up the plan________ the end. 最终他们放弃了那项计划。 答案： ②in　③apologizing　④at　⑤in 12．think little/nothing of 以为……没什么了不起；对……满不在乎；轻视；忽视 [教材原句]　But the one million people of the city，who thought little of these events，were asleep as usual that night. 但唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没把这些情况当回事儿，当天晚上照常上床睡觉了。 ①think little of不在意，看轻 ②think highly of＝think much of重视，高度评价…… ③think poorly of不放在眼里，轻视 ④think nothing of轻视；认为无所谓 ⑤think ill of＝think badly of认为……不好 ⑥think well of认为……好，器重 ①Mr.Yuan______________his research，but___________money. 袁先生重视研究，轻视金钱。 ②Everyone present at the meeting______________his speech. 在场的每一个人都高度评价他的演讲。 ③I don't______________his idea. 我认为他的主意不怎么样。 答案：①thinks much of；thinks little of　②thought highly of　③think much of 13．give out vt. 发出；放出；公布　vi. 用完；耗尽；筋疲力尽 [教材原句]　steam gas that hot water gives out 热水发出的蒸气 [猜一猜]　观察句子，写出句中give out的含义 ①The flowers gave out a sweet smell.________ ②The teacher gave out the exam papers.________ ③You had no right to give my telephone number out.________ ④ Her patience finally gives out.________ 答案： ①发出　②分发　③公布　④耗尽 ①give away送掉；捐赠；赠送；泄露 ②give back返还；归还；恢复 ③give in让步；屈服；投降；交上 ④give off发出(气味、光、热、声等) ⑤give up放弃；戒掉；交出；让出 [填一填] ①Our salt is giving________.You'd better go and buy some. ②But finally，he was forced to give________. ③The eggs were giving________a bad smell. ④The doctor advised him to give________smoking. 答案： ①out　②in　③off　④up 14．It seemed as if the world was at an end! 好像世界末日到了！ It seemed(to sb.)that/as if...“(对某人来说)似乎……”。 (1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。 (2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。 ①Hurry up！It looks as if it is going to rain. 快点！看起来好像要下雨了。 ②When a pencil is partly put into a glass of water，it looks as if it ________ broken. 当把铅笔的一部分放进水里时，它看上去好像断了。 ③He opened his mouth as if ________(say) something. 他张开嘴好像要说什么。 ④It seems ________________ the company Dubai world is unlikely to survive in this serious financial crisis. 在这次严重的金融危机中，迪拜世界公司好像不可能生存下来。 答案：②were　③to say　④as if 15．In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 在农家大院里的鸡，甚至连猪都紧张得不想吃食。 (1)too＋adj./adv.(for sb.)＋to do sth.表示否定的意义，意思是“太……而不能……”。 (2)当too...to...用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词如anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing等时，不定式表示肯定意义。 (3)can't/can never...too...再怎么……也不过分 ①The problem is too difficult for her to solve. 问题太难了，她无法解决。 ②He was too eager ________(know) the result of his examination. 他迫切想知道考试的结果。 ③He is always too willing____________others. 他非常乐于助人。 ④I________thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home. 当我们不在家时，你对我儿子的帮助，我对你怎样感激也不过分。 答案：②to know　③to help　④can't 16．All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。 该句是表示部分否定的句型。all...not...＝not all...，意为“并非所有的……都……”。 (1)英语中的all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，completely，always，whole，entirely 等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。 (2)英语中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no one，nowhere，no more，no longer，no way等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。 ①All these books are not popular with people. ＝Not all these books are popular with people. 这些书并非全都受人们的欢迎。 ②Every boy is not interested in sports. ________________is interested in sports. 并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动。 ③I agree with most of what you said，but I don't agree with ________. 我同意你所说的大部分内容，但我并不同意全部内容。 答案：②Not every boy　③everything Ⅰ.填入合适的关系代词 1．A plane is a machine________can fly. 2．The noodles________I had were delicious. 3．Mr. Read is the professor________you should write. 4．This is the boy________composition the teacher talked of. 5．The boss________company my father worked is a very kind person. 单元语法专练：关系代词引导的定语从句 答案：1.that/which　2.that/which　3.to whom　4.whose　 5．in whose Ⅱ.根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子 1．It's________the road.(cross) 过马路时越小心越好。 2．The young man________going over his lessons.(spend) 这个年轻人花了尽可能多的时间复习功课。 3．________，smoking is harmful to one's health.(as) 正如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。 答案：1.never too careful to cross 2．spent as much time as he could 3．As we all know 4．________，they are having a wonderful time.(judge) 从她上封信看，他们过得非常愉快。 5．He was unhappy；it seemed as if________.(want) 他不太高兴，好像要我们离开。 6．All these TV programs________.(popular) 这些电视节目并非全都受人们的欢迎。 答案：4．Judging by/from her last letter 5．he wanted us to leave 6．are not popular with people 必修1　Unit 1—Unit 5 Unit 4　Earthquakes 基 础 梳 理 1．________ (vi.)爆裂；爆发 (n.)突然破裂；爆发 2．________(n.)废墟；毁灭 (vt.)毁灭；使破产 3．________(vt.&vi.)(使)震惊；震动 (n.)休克；打击；震惊 4．________(n.&vt.)援救；营救 5．________(n.)灾难；灾祸 6．________(vt.)埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 重点单词 burst ruin shock rescue disaster bury 7．________(n.&vt.)损失；损害 8．________(n.)事件；大事；比赛项目 9．________(n.)掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处 10．________(n.)裁判员；法官 (vt.)断定；判断；判决 11．________(adj.)极度的→__________(adv.)极度地 12．________ (n.) 民族→________ (adj.) 民族的 ________ (n.) 国籍 damage event shelter judge extreme extremely nation national nationality 13．________(vt.) 损害；伤害→________(n.)伤害；损害→________(adj.) 受伤的 14．__________(n.)电；电流；电学→________(adj.)用电的；带电的→__________(adj.)与电有关的；电学的 15．________(vt.)使惊吓；吓唬→____________(adj.)受惊的；受恐吓的→____________(adj.)令人恐惧的 16．______________(n.)祝贺；(复数)贺词→____________(vt.)祝贺 injure injury injured electricity electric electrical frighten frightened frightening congratulation congratulate 1．________________立刻；马上 2．________________轻视；不重视 3．________________结束；终结 4．________________严重受损；破败不堪 5．________________掘出；发现 6．________________许多；大量的 7．________________以……而自豪 8．________________被困在 9．________________刮走 10．________________而不是 11．________________从……判断 12．________________埋头于 重点短语 right away think little/nothing of at an end　 in ruins dig out a(great) number of be proud of be trapped in　 blow away　 instead of　 judging from be buried in 1．In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 在农家大院里的鸡，甚至连猪都紧张得不想吃食。 [解读]　too...to意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定意义。 [仿写]　那不是个好主意。冰太薄了承受不了你的重量。 That's not a good idea；the ice is______________________. 经典句型 答案：too thin to bear your weight 2．It seemed as if the world was at an end! 好像世界末日到了！ [解读]　It seems as if...“看起来好像……”。 [仿写]　这个讲故事的人以一种生动的方式给我们讲故事，好像他亲身经历过的一样。 The storyteller was telling us a story in a vivid way________________he had experienced it himself. 答案：as if 3．Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. 人们无论朝哪里看，那里的一切都几乎被毁了。 [解读]　everywhere相当于wherever或no matter where，引导让步状语从句。 [仿写]　无论他走到哪里，他都受到欢迎。 ________________________，he received a warm welcome. 答案：Everywhere he went 4．All hope was not lost. 不是所有的希望都破灭了。 [解读]　本句是部分否定。 [仿写]　并非所有的学生都遵守学校规章制度，因此作为一名老师，我们应严格要求他们。 ________ students____________the school rules，so as a teacher，we should be strict with them. 答案：All；don't obey 突 破 核 心 1．burst vi. 爆裂；爆发　n. 突然破裂；爆发 [教材原句]　In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。 板块一：核心单词 ①Hearing the sad news，he burst into tears. 听到这个坏消息，他突然哭起来。 ②The moment he heard the news，he burst____________. 他一听到这个消息，就勃然大怒。 ③The police________________the room and took the young man away. 警察突然闯入房间把这个年轻人带走了。 ④There was________________laughter in the next room. 隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。 答案：②with anger　③burst into　④a burst of 2．ruin vt. 毁灭；使破产　n． 废墟；毁灭 [教材原句]　In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. 在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。 (1)in ruins 成为废墟(ruin指“废墟”时常用复数形式) come/go/fall to ruin 毁灭；灭亡；崩溃 bring...to ruin 使……毁灭；使……没落；使……破产 (2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己，自取灭亡 ruin one's health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途 ①With time going on，the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely in ruins. 随着岁月的流逝，曾经非常漂亮的城堡现在是一片废墟。 ②Heavy smoking________，so you should give up smoking. 吸烟过量损害健康，因此你应该戒烟。 ③The bad weather had ________________ for the holiday. 糟糕的天气毁掉了我度假的心情。 答案： ②ruins your health　③ruined my pleasure [比较辨析] ruin 一般反映对物体或生命彻底的破坏，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏 destroy 常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏，毁坏”，程度较深；也可用于抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等 damage 一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤，使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、无作用，一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复 [填一填] ①Her heart was slightly________as a result of her long illness. ②His life was________by drink. ③The earthquake almost________all the bridges in this area. 答案： ①damaged　②ruined　③destroyed 3．injure vt. 损害；伤害 [教材原句]　Two­thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. 三分之二的人在地震中丧生或受伤。 (1)injured 　adj.受伤的 the injured伤员 (2)injury n．伤；伤口；伤害 do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb.伤害某人 [见证2017]By now medical staff had arrived，and were looking after the injured woman. 此时医疗人员已经到达并在照顾着那位受伤的老妇人。(2017·陕西卷完形填空) ①This could seriously injure the company's reputation. 这会严重损害公司的声誉。 ②Five people ________ in the car accident. 在这场车祸中有5人受伤。 ③The moment the terrible accident happened，ambulances rushed______________to the hospital. 可怕的事故一发生，救护车就把受伤的人火速送到医院。 ④So far，about 40 houses have fallen down under the weight of the snow，with 22 people reported__________. 迄今为止，大约40间房屋不堪重负被大雪压塌，据报道22人受伤。 答案： ②were injured　③the injured　④injured [比较辨析] injure 多指意外事故造成的伤害，也可指对名誉、地位的损害 wound 指人在战斗、攻击中受伤，身体上出现明显的伤口，多指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤 hurt 多指精神上受到伤害，也可指身体上的疼痛 harm 指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。意为“伤害，损害，有害于”。常用短语do harm to“对……有害” [填一填] ①The soldier was________in the arm in the war. ②She was________slightly in an accident during the work. ③I was very much________at his words. ④This bright light will do great________to your eyes. 答案：①wounded　②injured　③hurt　④harm (1)be shocked at/by(doing)sth.对(做)某事感到震惊 (2)be shocked to do sth.因做某事而震惊 (3)with/from shock因为震惊 a shock to sb....对……是一个惊奇 (4)shocking adj.令人震惊的 shocked adj.震惊的 ①I was shocked by the way he treated his own mother. 他对待自己母亲的方式令我很震惊。 ②It came________a shock that he was arrested last night. 他昨晚被逮捕了这件事真是令人震惊。 答案： ②as [填一填] People were①________to see that the room of the old couple fell into a deep hole.The②________news③________all the people around，which was also a great④________to people all over the country. 答案： ①shocked　②shocking　③shocked　④shock 5．trap vt.使陷入困境；困住；诱骗　n．陷阱；困境；圈套 [教材原句]　Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. 有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟下面。 ①set/lay a trap for为……设下圈套 ②be caught in a trap＝fall into a trap落入陷阱 ③be trapped in被困在……；使陷入……困境 ④trap sb.into doing...诱骗某人做…… ①She had set a trap for him and he had walked straight into it. 她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻了进去。 ②She trapped the old man__________(buy)the medicine. 她骗这位老人买这些药。 ③________________in traffic，he was late for work. 因为遇到交通阻塞，他上班迟到了。 答案：②into buying　③Having been trapped 6．bury vt. 掩埋；埋葬；使专心；使沉浸；隐藏 [教材原句]　The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 救援部队组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。 (1)be buried in＝bury oneself in埋头于；专心于 be buried in thought沉思 (2)bury oneself in study埋头研究；专心学习 bury one's face in one's hands双手掩面 ①Ever since he moved there，he has buried himself in/has been buried in his research work. 自从搬到那里以后，他一直在专注于研究工作。 ②________ his study，he didn't know that all the others had left. 他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。 ③In the evenings he________________his books. 他每天晚上都专心读书。 ④Their house________________a heavy snow. 他们的房子被大雪掩埋了。 答案： ②Buried in　③buries himself in/is buried in ④was buried by [填一填] 完成下列表示“专心于，致力于”的短语 ①be addicted ________________ ②be absorbed ________________ ③be devoted ________________ ④be lost ________________ ⑤focus ________________ ⑥concentrate ________________ 答案：①to　②in　③to　④in　⑤on　⑥on