2016年重庆渝中区高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（2）及答案

　　阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　For millions of Facebook users, choosing which photo to use for an online profile is an important decision. According to a study by researchers at the UT Dallas Center, the photos we select may reflect individual preferences, but they also appear to reflect more deeply rooted, unconscious cultural differences.Previous research has shown that culture can affect not only language and custom, but also how we experience the world and process information. Western cultures，for example，condition people to think of themselves as highly independent entities (实体)，whereas East Asian cultures stress collectivism and interdependence.

　　Dr. Denise Park, co-director of the Center at UT Dallas, and former graduate student Dr. ChihMao Huang of the University of Illinois, were curious about whether these patterns of cultural influence extend to cyberspace. In a paper published in the International Journal of Psychology, they examined the profile photographs of more than 500 active Facebook users from the United States a nd East Asia. Overall, they found that profile photos of Americans are more likely to focus on the individual's face，while the profiles of East Asians tend to less emphasize the face and include more background features. Americans also show greater smile intensity compared to East Asian Facebook users.

　　The findings show marked cultural differences in the focus of attention among East Asian and American Facebook users. Moreover, they echo previous research on cultural influences on visual perception(感知），attention, and reasoning in the offline world.

　　“We believe these findings relate to a cultural bias to be more individualistic and independent in the US and more communal and interdependent in Asia”，said Park.

　　The research also found that cultural influences over our self-presentation online can shift over time and from place to place. In one of the study samples, Americans studying in Japan and Japanese studying in the US both showed a tendency to adjust their profile photos to the general preferences of their host country.

　　“ Facebook constitutes an extended social context in which personal profiles mirror various individual characteristics，private thoughts，and social behaviors，” noted Huang. “ As such，the study presents a new approach to investigate cognition and behaviors across cultures by using Facebook as a data collection platform. ”

　　1. The underlined word ‘‘condition” in the first paragraph probably means _______.

　　A. adviseB. instructC. shapeD. forbid

　　2. We can know from the passage that Mongolians probably emphasize________.

　　A. cultural influencesB. social behaviors

　　C. independent existenceD. collective power

　　3. It can be inferred that a Korean studying in the US is likely to _______.

　　A. use a picture of his face on Facebook

　　B. adjust to American preferences quickly

　　C. change his profile photos from time to time

　　D. put up a photo of his apartment on Facebook

　　4. According to Dr. Huang, Facebook can help to _______.

　　A. make up a more extended social context

　　B. study the diversity of worldwide cultures

　　C. promote communication between east and west

　　D. combine different cultures from different aspects

　　【参考答案】1—4、CDAB

　　阅读理解。

　　DU Lala is the hottest career coach in the country. The

　　fictional character in the acclaimed novel Du La La’s

　　Promotion shows others how to take the high road to success

　　in a multinational company. But does her story describe a real

　　or distorted picture of work life? The answer is as complicated as office life itself.

　　Over one million copies of the book have been sold since its release in 2007. Go Lala Go!, a movie adaptation of the novel set to hit cinemas next weekend, has stirred up even more interest in the story. The film stars Xu Jinglei and Stanley Huang, but fans seem to be more excited about seeing the story unfold on the big screen.

　　According to a recent sina.com survey, 45 percent of the 6,810 netizens polled said they have drawn career pointers from the novel. Other office novels, such as In and Out of the Loop, Win and Lose and Drowning and Floating, seem to have been received with similar interest.

　　“These books show me the life of white collars, and they teach me career rules and jargon that are not offered in class,” said Zhang Shanshan, a 22-year-old senior at Beijing Forestry University. Zhang says the competition, humor and office gossip in the book intrigued her. “I can’t wait to embark on my own career,” she said.

　　The popularity of office novels does not surprise Chen Ning, a senior career consultant at Zhaopin.com. “Novels about office fights and struggles satisfy the psychological demands of an ordinary office worker,” Chen said. “The leading characters face great pressure, fierce competition and an uncertain future. This is what really happens in many readers’ daily life.”

　　Li Ke, the author of Du Lala’s Promotion, has been stressing the significance of her fiction. “I want to provide real and useful common sense, knowledge and experience to office workers,” Li told the Qianjiang Evening News last year.

　　Recent graduates say they have found the basic work principles highlighted in the novel to be instructive. “If these books had been published five years earlier, I might have avoided some problems,” said Xu Jun, an HR manager at Guangqi Honda Automobile Company. “They often discuss basic office principles, which are relevant for staff working under the middle management level. They also help readers to see the importance of basic problem solving and organizational skills.”

　　But some veteran employees warn that the novels are not always realistic. They say this is especially true of the characters. “The protagonists appear to be unbeatable,” said Hou Zhendong, an HR manager at General Electric. “Du Lala’s team leader quit in an irresponsible way; her boss is inept; and the staff around her is either stupid or overly-sophisticated. Du stands out in emergencies and makes all the right decisions. The truth is, real-life colleagues are not that polarized（截然对立）,” Hou said. “You seldom get to negotiate your salary with a big boss. And, most of the time, you make wrong decisions far more than you make correct ones.”

　　The career principles in the books are also of limited use. “Most of the stories happen in Fortune 500 companies with a long history. Their cultures are well-established, and their rules are scientific,” Hou said. “But if you work for a small foreign company, or a local enterprise, some principles are useless.”

　　Liu Rui, a project manager at IBM, suggests fans of these books focus on the little bits of wisdom they provide. “The novels give rookies（新手） some inspiration,” he said. “They emphasize the importance of observation, practice and self-examination. These tips are precious and universally true.”

　　8.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

　　Recent graduates can learn a lot of useful career principles from the novel.

　　The best novel shows readers how to be promoted in various companies.

　　The book Go Lala Go! Sells very well.

　　The movie adaptation of the novel will be a massive hit at the box-office in China.

　　9.What can be inferred from the passage?

　　Du Lala’s story reflects the true office life.

　　Go Lala Go! Enjoys more popularity than other office novels, such as In and Out of the Loop, Win and Lose and Drowning and Floating.

　　Some people argue that the story is a bit polarized.

　　Both rookies and veteran employees are fond of Go Lala Go!.

　　10.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

　　The Life of White Collars

　　The Hottest Career Coach

　　How to Promote in Company

　　Go Lala Go! — Office Life Not All Fairytale Drama

　　【参考答案】8. B

　　9.

　　C

　　10.

　　D

　　A

　　When a “boss child” doesn’t learn limits at home, the stage is set for a host of troubles outside the family. The overly willful and unbending child may have trouble obeying teachers or coachers, for example, or trouble keeping friends. It can be pretty lonely as the top dog if no one likes your bossy ways.

　　“I see more and more parents giving up their power,” says Barkley, who has studied bossy behavior for more than 30 years. They bend too far because they don’t want to be as strict as their own parents were. But they also feel less confident about their parenting skills. Their kids, in turn, feel more anxious.

　　1. Bossy children like Stephen Jackson ______.

　　A. make good decisions

　　B. show self-centeredness

　　C. lack care from others

　　D. have little sense of fear

　　2. The underlined phrase “inheritable trait” in paragraph 2 means ______.

　　A. inborn nature B. developed character C. accepted theory D. particular environment

　　3. The study on bossy behavior implies that parents ______.

　　A. should give more power to their children

　　B. should be strict with their children

　　C. should not be so anxious about their children D. should not set limits for their children

　　4. What is the passage mainly about?

　　A. How bossy behavior can be controlled. B. How we can get along with bossy children.

　　C. What leads to children’s bossy behavior. D. What effect bossy behavior brings about.

　　1—4、

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 【四川省绵阳市2017高考英语一模试题】A Sometimes people call each other "scared-cat", but have you ever thought about this expression? When a cat is frightened, its heart starts beating faster, its muscles get tense, and there are changes in the chemicals in its bloodstream. Although the cat doesn't realize this, its body is getting ready for action. If the danger continues, the animal will do one of two things. It will defend itself, or it will run away as fast as it can. Something like this also happens to people. When we are excited, angry, scared, or aroused by other emotions, our bodies go through many physical changes. Our hearts beat faster, and our muscles get tense. All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react. We, too, get ready to defend ourselves or run. Human beings, however, have a problem that animals never face. If we give way to our feelings and let them take over, we can get into trouble. Have you ever said something in anger-or hit somebody-and regretted it later? Have you ever shouted at a teacher, told somebody you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then wished later you had kept your mouth shut? It isn't always wise to express your feelings freely. Does this mean that it's smarter always to hide our feelings? No! If you keep feelings of anger, sadness, and bitterness hidden away or bottled up inside, your body stays tense. Physical illness can develop, and you can feel churned up inside. It can actually be bad for your health. (It isn't good to keep pleasant feelings inside either; all feelings need to be expressed.) Feeling that you keep all bottles up inside, don't just go away. It's as if bought some bananas and stuck them in a cupboard. You might not be able to see them, but before long you'd smell them, if you opened the cupboard, chances are you'd see little fruit flies hovering all over them. They'd be rotten. You can try to treat emotions as if they were bananas in the cupboard. You can hide them and you can pretend they don't exist, but they'll still be around. And at last you'll have to deal with them, just like those bananas. 56. What does the word "emotions" in the second paragraph mean? A. acts     B. feelings       C. measurements      D. thinking 57. The best title for this article is __________. A. Emotions Affect Our Bodies B. What Happens to A Frightened Cat C. What Happens to An Excited Person D. Feelings That People Have 58. The author wrote this article in order to __________. A. tell us that it isn't good to keep feelings inside B. give us some advice on how to express our feelings C. compare man with a scared cat and suggest mankind learn from it. D. make us know that it isn't always wise to express our feelings freely 　【参考答案】56—58、BAB