2016届高三（牛津版）英语一轮复习课后达标检测24 Unit 1《The written word》

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　　课后达标检测24　Unit 1　The written word

　　(建议用时：70分钟)

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．(2017·郴州质检)The restaurant certainly lived up to its________；the food was delicious.

　　A．reputation B．exhibition

　　C．tendency

　　D．transformation

　　2．(2017·高考天津卷)At our library there are bookshelves similar to ________ mentioned in the speech.

　　A．them

　　B．these

　　C．those

　　D．ones

　　3．It has been revealed that some government leaders ________ their authority and position to get illegal profits for themselves.

　　A．employ

　　B．take

　　C．abuse

　　D．overlook

　　4．(2017·长沙模拟)Here are signs that he is ________.It’s a long time since he smoked.

　　A．changing

　　B．improving

　　C．reforming

　　D．varying

　　5．The show was________ being a failure，but was a great success.

　　A．far from

　　B．not

　　C．far

　　D．far away

　　6．—Have you got used to the Chinese food，Robert?

　　—Yes，But I don’t like ________ when a Chinese host keeps serving me the food I don’t like.

　　A．this

　　B．that

　　C．those

　　D．it

　　7．Having paid off all their ________，the Blacks are now ________ financial problems.

　　A．debts；free of

　　B．money；free of

　　C．debts；free from

　　D．money；free for

　　8．Having checked the doors were closed，and ________ all the lights were off，the boy opened the door to his bedroom.

　　A．why

　　B．that

　　C．when

　　D．where

　　9．(2017·娄底高三调研)—How was your interview for going abroad to study?

　　—Oh，I couldn’t feel any ________.I hardly understood most of the questions they asked.

　　A．worse

　　B．harder

　　C．happier

　　D．better

　　10．________ was most important to him was whether he could get the offer in the company.

　　A．Those

　　B．This

　　C．As

　　D．What

　　11．—The exam was easy，wasn’t it?

　　—Yes，but I don’t think ________could pass it.

　　A．somebody

　　B．anybody

　　C．nobody

　　D．everybody

　　12．(2017·安徽江南十校联考)We’ll learn much from this failure，so our suffering and efforts are not ________.

　　A．in return

　　B．in vain

　　C．at random

　　D．at all costs

　　13．The money we are raising________ for the poor boy who was born with a weak heart.

　　A．intended

　　B．intends

　　C．was intended

　　D．is intended

　　14．Billy Crystal hosted the Academy Awards again this year，and his talks always ________ the expectation of most audience.

　　A．put up with

　　B．end up with

　　C．live up to

　　D．add up to

　　15．—If our parents would listen more to us，they would understand us better.

　　—________.They just expect us to listen.

　　A．I believe not

　　B．No problem

　　C．Good idea

　　D．I can’t agree more

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　(2017·湖南高考命题研究专家原创卷)A child lived in a happy family, with parents and sisters. However, he never thought about how __1__ his life had been. He just kept on squabbling (争吵) with his sisters. When he wanted to __2__， he always said, “Never mind, there’s tomorrow.”

　　One day, he had a great __3__ with his best friend at school. Though he knew he was __4__， he never apologized actively. His __5__ was, “Never mind, I’ll do it tomorrow.”

　　When he graduated, work kept him very busy. He had a pretty girlfriend and they soon got married. He made himself busy with work, because he wanted to get __6__ with the shortest time possible. He never bought flowers for his wife anymore, nor did he __7__ his wife’s birthday. He felt __8__ at times and wanted to say to his wife “I love you”， but he never did it. His excuse was “never mind, I’ll do it tomorrow”. The children began to stay away from him, as they never really spent time with their father.

　　One day, disaster struck when his wife was killed in an accident. Before he could speak out the words “I love you”， his wife had already __9__.

　　The man tried to find comfort from his children. However, he soon realized that the children did not even try to __10__ with him. Soon, his children grew up and founded their own __11__. Nobody cared for this old man who in the past hadn’t __12__ his time with them.

　　From that time until his deathbed, he felt the loneliness that he did not feel before. Upon his deathbed, he thought, “If only I had realized this earlier...”

　　1.A.wonderful B．successful

　　C．particular

　　D．normal

　　2．A.complain

　　B．apologize

　　C．scream

　　D．argue

　　3．A.time

　　B．game

　　C．fight

　　D．cooperation

　　4．A.attentive

　　B．subjective

　　C．weak

　　D．wrong

　　5．A.plan

　　B．answer

　　C．excuse

　　D．promise

　　6．A.welcomed

　　B．supported

　　C．promoted

　　D．respected

　　7．A.admit

　　B．advocate

　　C．remember

　　D．mention

　　8．A.disappointed

　　B．angry

　　C．anxious

　　D．guilty

　　9．A.put away

　　B．passed away

　　C．gone by

　　D．dropped in

　　10．A.learn

　　B．work

　　C．exercise

　　D．communicate

　　11．A.relatives

　　B．families

　　C．schools

　　D．friends

　　12．A.confirmed

　　B．saved

　　C．discussed

　　D．sharedⅢ.语法填空

　　(2017·湖南高考名校联考信息优化卷)Beer has been brewed (酿造) and consumed for about 7,000 years. In fact, beer is 1.____________ popular that there are numerous beer festivals around the world. If you are 2.____________ who wants to taste different varieties of beer, 3.____________ wouldn’t want to miss out on the beer festival that is hosted in London.

　　The Great British beer Festival (GBBF) is an annual event 4.____________ has been held since 1977, and offers people 5.____________ chance to taste its favorite beer. GBBF is known as being “the biggest pub in the world”， and according to estimates, more than 50,000 people attended the festival in 2017. 6.____________ offering a wide variety of beer brands, the festival also promotes the local brewing industry by awarding the Champion Beer of Britain 7.____________ the participating breweries (啤酒厂). To keep the kids occupied 8.____________ you taste some of the finest beers, there are special family rooms, equipped with video games, toys, soft drinks, etc..

　　Ⅳ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2017·长沙四校联考)We cannot say for sure what kind of home Earth will offer in 2080，but experimental models help paint a picture of what a 2℃ warmer world would look like.

　　One key difference will be the increase in extreme weather events.The good news is that with investment，we can adapt to some of these.In 1991，a massive cyclone(龙卷风)struck Bangladesh，killing 130,000 people.Afterwards，the country built shelters and early warning systems.When the equally powerful cyclone Sidr struck in 2007，the deaths were reduced to less than one－tenth of that.“Better preparation can bring down the death rates，”says Huq，an expert from the International Institute for Environment and Development.

　　But if the temperature rises by above 2℃，impacts will be increasingly felt worldwide.The wealth of Europe and North America means they can build better defenses and suffer far fewer deaths，but economic costs will be huge.

　　A warmer climate will be bad news for global agriculture.Agronomists are busy designing new varieties of main crops like rice and wheat which are able to survive more frequent heat－waves and droughts.Organizations like the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research helping farmers find out what works for them.Despite such efforts，crops will fail more often，probably leading to high food prices.

　　Cases of health problems ranging from heatstroke to infectious diseases will also increase.Models show tropical diseases will move into higher latitude(纬度)and altitude with warming，though some believe that affected regions with better public health systems will avoid the worst effects.

　　The degree of sea－level rise is a big uncertainty，but we know it lags_behind temperature increases so the worst of those consequences probably will not have kicked in even by 2080.Scientists are also split on the link between temperature and human conflict.Some believe civil unrest will rise as the climate becomes harsher.

　　1．The reason why the cyclone Sidr kill fewer people in Bangladesh in 2007 was that ________.

　　A．the temperature rose by 2℃

　　B．it is not powerful than that in 1991

　　C．people had completely adapted to it

　　D．people had made better preparation

　　2．How will a warmer climate influence global agriculture?

　　A．Farmers will not plant rice and wheat anymore.

　　B．Farmers will face more poor harvests，resulting in high food prices.

　　C．Farmers will have to only plant those crops which can survive droughts and flood.

　　D．Plenty of farmers will be out of work and have to look for jobs suitable for them.

　　3．We can infer from the passage that as the temperature rises ________.

　　A．people in countries with better public health systems will not be affected

　　B．people will suffer from more deadly diseases

　　C．people in higher－latitude regions will spend more on their health

　　D．it is certain that there will be more human conflicts in a country

　　4．The underlined phrase“lags behind”(Para.6)can be replaced by“________”．

　　A．is slower than

　　B．catches up with

　　C．is different from

　　D．happens in advance of

　　5．The text is mainly about ________.

　　A．how scientists do research through experimental models

　　B．how warm the climate will be in 2080

　　C．what we should do to deal with a warmer climate

　　D．what our life will be like if it is 2℃ warmer in 2080

　　B

　　The earth is getting warmer. Over the past 100 years Earth’s temperature rose by about 1°F. Scientists predict that Earth will continue to warm by about 2—6°Fover the next 100 years. That may not sound like much, but think about this: During the last Ice Age, Earth was only 9°F cooler than it is today, and large sheets of ice called glaciers(冰河) covered large parts of North America! The warming of Earth’s climate is called global warming.

　　Scientists are not sure of what causes climate change. Earth could be warming on its own, however, most scientists believe that human activity is speeding up the climate change. Earth warms itself through a process called the greenhouse(温室) effect. When sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere(大气), it passes through a layer of greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases occur naturally, but humans also create them by burning fossil fuels. When sunlight hits Earth’s surface it bounces_back toward the sky. The greenhouse gases trap some of the sunlight on Earth and allow the rest to go back into space, making Earth’s temperature warm. The process works much in the same way as a greenhouse, hence its name. If there are too many greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, too much sunlight may be trapped, making Earth warmer.

　　Scientists cannot predict exactly what will happen as Earth’s temperature rises. They believe a rapid climate change could upset the balance of the ecosystem(生态系统), causing some land and marine(海产的) life to become extinct. As temperatures rise, the world’s glaciers will melt(融化)into the ocean, causing sea levels to rise between several inches to three feet during the next 100 years. Higher sea levels could cause flooding of coastal lands. Warmer ocean water could cause increased storm activity on the coasts while areas away from the coasts may experience droughts. These are just a few of the possible effects of global warming.

　　6．The best title for this text would be________.

　　A．ClimateB．Climate Change

　　C．Global Warming

　　D．Greenhouse effect

　　7．Humans create greenhouse gases every time EXCEPT we________.

　　A．play video games

　　B．use a hair dryer

　　C．ride in a car

　　D．use solar energy lights

　　8．Which of the following is NOT the effect of climate change?

　　A．Rising temperature.

　　B．The extinction of some wildlife.

　　C．Sea level rising.

　　D．Flooding of coastal lands.

　　9．The writer’s purpose in writing the text is to________.

　　A．show us the temperature rising

　　B．tell us what greenhouse effects are

　　C．call us to protect the earth

　　D．teach us a fact

　　10．Which of the following words has the similar meaning as the underlined phrase in the second paragraph?

　　A．Throw.

　　B．Rebound.

　　C．Go.

　　D．Fetch.

　　Ⅴ.阅读填空

　　As the number of people using the Internet grows，it is inevitable that the number of Internet scams(欺诈) will grow.Unfortunately there are many forms of scams but in this article we will look at two of the most prominent.

　　419 fraud or “Nigerian Scams”

　　Also known as advanced fee fraud (AFF)，419 fraud is named after the section of the Nigerian penal code(刑法典) that deals with fraud.Although originally originating in Nigeria，these scams can originate from anywhere.If you fall for one of these at best you will lose thousands of dollars，at worst you will lose your life.These usually start with an email from a bank official or a government minister informing you that they have access to millions of dollars but need your help to get the money out of the country.The result is that when the deal is threatened，you will be asked for money to secure the release of the funds.Do not under any circumstances reply to these letters.People have been murdered while following up with these scams.

　　Phishing（网络钓鱼）

　　In phishing scams，scammers send out emails to millions of Internet addresses intending to be from a financial institution，and requiring you to log in and confirm your details.The email looks authentic（真实的） and contains a link that you need to click.If you happen to have an account at the bank featured in the scam then it’s a very natural thing to click the link and log in to “your” account except it’s not your account or even your bank.It will be a website set up by the scammers to extract your information，name，address，credit card details，password and PIN number etc..Once they have these details they will have access to your funds and your identity.Avoid these scams by never clicking on a link in an email like this.Banks do not send out emails requesting you to log in and confirm your details.

　　I hope the above haven’t scared you away from the Internet.If you are sensible and wary about offers that seem too good to be true then you should be OK.Just apply the same common sense you use in everyday life.If a stranger walked up to you in the street and said “Hi!I am from your bank.What’s your credit card number？”，would you give it to them？

　　Title：1.____________

　　Forms 419 fraud or “Nigerian Scams” 2.____________

　　Ways Scammers usually send you 3.____________ to inform you that they have access to millions of dollars and need your help. You are required to log in to an Internet account and 4.____________ your details.It will be a website set up by the scammers.

　　5.____________ ●You have to pay for the 6. of the release of the funds.

　　●You may even

　　7．____________. Your detailed information，name，address，credit card details,8.__________ and PIN number etc.will be extracted.

　　Advice 9.____________ should you reply to these letters. Avoid these scams by never clicking on a link in an email like this.

　　10.____________ If you are sensible and wary about offers that seem too good to be true then you should be OK.

　　Ⅵ.阅读简答

　　(2017·益阳箴言中学模拟)Pollution is a growing problem that is facing the international community, but even the actions that we take can make a difference. Littering is creating environmental problems all over the world and is often created by careless actions. If we guard our actions against careless littering we can ensure a better world for everyone.

　　Littering is a severe problem in many countries around the world. For example, the African city of Kampala is suffering from the consequences of littering. For many years the city’s poor didn’t have a proper way to dispose of trash, so garbage filled the streets. Over the years much of the plastic garbage would slowly be pushed into the ground. This plastic litter doesn’t allow rain water to seep(渗透) into the ground and has caused flooding. In many of Kampala’s poor neighborhoods whenever it rains people’s homes become flooded with water. This water is often dirty and has allowed diseases to spread. This flooding has become so bad that the Ugandan government has banned plastic bags in the entire country to stop the littering.

　　Trash often finds its way into the water. Today the world’s oceans are believed to have millions of tons of trash floating around in them. This creates a problem for wildlife because they may accidentally eat the trash and die from it. Scientists have found on very remote islands baby birds that have died because their stomachs were full of trash. Fish often get tangled in plastic and will also die. Our actions in our own countries affect the most remote parts of the planet.

　　We can all be part of the solution to stop this pollution, just by preventing careless littering.If you need to throw something away, find a trash can. If you see a friend littering tell them not to. By making this small change we can create a better world for all.

　　1．What is the cause of littering？(No more than 3 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　2．How does plastic litter cause flooding？(No more than 11 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　3．If you need to throw something away, what should you do？(No more than 5 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　4．What’s the topic of this passage？(No more than 5 words)

　　________________________________________________________________________

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　　课后达标检测24

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．解析：选A。live up to its reputation“配得上其名声；名副其实”。根据后一分句“the food was delicious”可知答案。

　　2．解析：选C。those特指前面出现的复数可数名词bookshelves。ones泛指前面提到的复数名词，若选ones，则应在ones前加the。

　　3．解析：选C。abuse one’s authority是短语，意思是“渎职”，符合句意“据披露，一些政府官员滥用职权，为个人谋福利”。所以答案是C项。

　　4．解析：选C。change和vary意为“变化”，普通用语，只说明“变化”这一现象。improve和reform都有“变化(主要指向好的方面)”的意思，但improve用作这一意思时，主语通常是sth.。reform可以指人改掉一些不好的习惯等。根据后一句的意思“他已经好久不吸烟了”以及前一句空格前的主语he可知答案应选C项。

　　5．解析：选A。far from“远非，并不是；一点也不”。句意：那次展出并非是失败的，而是很成功的一次展出。

　　6．解析：选D。it用作形式宾语，真正的宾语是when a Chinese host keeps serving me the food I don’t like。

　　7．解析：选C。paid off all their debts“还清所有的债务”。free from“使摆脱(不好的东西)；解除”。

　　8．解析：选B。本题是that引导并列的宾语从句，Having checked后省去that，并列的两个以that引导的宾语从句即使省略第一个that，第二个that 一般不能省。

　　9．解析：选A。any修饰比较级，通常用于否定句，答语句意：噢，我感觉糟糕极了，我几乎听不懂他们问的大部分问题。

　　10．解析：选D。考查名词性从句。本句缺少引导主语从句并作从句主语的连词，因此选D项。其他各项不能引导从句。

　　11．解析：选D。考查部分否定。句意：——这次考试很容易，对吗？——是呀，但我想也不是每个人都能通过。

　　12．解析：选B。考查短语辨析。前半句讲“我们将从这次失败中学到很多东西”，可知后面是说“因此我们的艰辛和努力不会白费”，in vain“徒劳，白费”，选项B正确。

　　13．解析：选D。句意：我们正在筹集的钱是为患有先天性心脏病的可怜的孩子准备的。we are raising为定语从句修饰先行词money，be intended for “为……准备”。

　　14．解析：选C。live up to“履行；达到，符合”。live up to the expectation of...“达到某人的期望值”。

　　15．解析：选D。考查交际用语。根据上下文，尤其是下文They just expect us to listen.可知是同意，I can’t agree more我再同意不过了。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　【解题导语】　本文通过一则故事告诉我们：即使再忙我们也要抽出时间来陪陪家人和朋友。

　　1．解析：选A。根据前文中的“a happy family”可知，此处应填wonderful“使人愉快的”。

　　2．解析：选B。从前文中的“kept on squabbling (争吵) with his sisters”可知，此处指吵架后的道歉。

　　3．解析：选C。从后文中的“he never apologized actively”可知他和最好的朋友打架了。

　　4．解析：选D。尽管他知道他错了，却永远也不会主动道歉。故选wrong“错误的”。

　　5．解析：选C。结合后文中的“Never mind, I’ll do it tomorrow.”可知，此处指他的借口。

　　6．解析：选C。从空处前后的“made himself busy with work”和“with the shortest time possible”可推知，他想在最短的时间内获得晋升。promote“促进，提升，晋升”，符合语境。

　　7．解析：选C。他也不记得(remember)妻子的生日。

　　8．解析：选D。从后文中的“wanted to say to his wife ‘I love you’”可知，他有时也觉得内疚。guilty“感到内疚的”，符合语境。

　　9．解析：选B。从前文的“his wife was killed in an accident”可知，他的妻子去世了。故填 passed away“(婉辞，指去世)亡故”。

　　10．解析：选D。从前文中的“The children began to stay away from him”可知，孩子们甚至都不和他交流。

　　11．解析：选B。结合前文中的“his children grew up”可知，此处指孩子们长大了，组建了自己的家庭。

　　12．解析：选D。从前文中的“The children began to stay away from him, as they never really spent time with their father.”可知，他过去没有时间和孩子们在一起。

　　Ⅲ.语法填空

　　【解题导语】　本文主要是英国啤酒节的介绍。

　　1．解析：考查连词。固定搭配so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”。

　　答案：so

　　2．解析：考查不定代词。根据空后的who引导的定语从句可知答案。

　　答案：someone

　　3．解析：考查人称代词。根据前文中的“If you are...”可知这里也要用you。

　　答案：you

　　4．解析：考查关系代词。空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，因此要用that/which。

　　答案：that/which

　　5．解析：考查冠词。a chance表示“一个机会”。

　　答案：a

　　6．解析：考查介词。besides“除了……还有……”。

　　答案：Besides

　　7．解析：考查介词。award sth. to sb.为固定搭配。

　　答案：to

　　8．解析：考查连词。空处引导时间状语从句，且此处表示主从句动作同时进行，因此要用while。

　　答案：while

　　Ⅳ.阅读理解

　　A

　　【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。随着全球不断变暖，2080年人类生存环境将是什么样子呢？尽管不能确切预言，但一些模拟实验可以让我们对其有所了解。

　　1．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Better preparation can bring down the death rates”可知，因为有应对准备，所以降低了死亡率。故选D。

　　2．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，随着全球变暖，极端天气将频繁发生。农业学家们在忙着研制出能够抗高温和干旱的新型庄稼。但即便如此，更多的时候收成会难以保证，从而导致食品价格上涨。故选B。

　　3．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，随着气温升高，与之相关的死亡病例也将随之增加。热带的疾病会随着温度升高而移向高纬度和高海拔地区。尽管一些具有较好医保措施的高纬度国家不会面临最糟的情况，但也会发生高温疾病。由此可知，C项正确，高纬度的人们将在健康上付出更多。A项中“will not affected”表达错误，可能不会遭受最糟情况，但不是不受影响；B项中“more deadly diseases”表达错误，文章没提到疾病种类的增加；根据文章第一句和最后一句可知，D项中“certain”表达错误，这些都是预测。

　　4．解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据常识可知，海面上升取决于气温的上升，也就是说它发生在气温升高之后，所以“lag behind”与A项的意思接近。故选A。

　　5．解析：选D。主旨大意题。本文第一段是文章中心段。根据第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍人们通过模型试验来预测随着温度升高，2080年世界将会遇到哪些与之相关的问题。故选D。

　　B

　　【解题导语】　本文主要论述了全球气候变化的现状、原因及影响。

　　6．解析：选B。主旨大意题。综观全文，讲述的是气候变化的现状、原因以及影响。因此全文围绕着一个中心即：气候的变化。

　　7．解析：选D。推理判断题。由第二段知，人类活动加快了气候变化，主要是通过“by burning fossil fuels”。因此选D。

　　8．解析：选A。推理判断题。由最后一段知，B、C、D三项都提到了，因此选A，这是气候变化的表现而非影响。

　　9．解析：选C。推理判断题。作者讲述的是气候变化的现状、原因以及影响，向我们发出警示：保护地球。

　　10．解析：选B。词义猜测题。由所在句知该短语意思是“反弹；反射”，由构词法知识可推断rebound有此义。

　　Ⅴ.阅读填空

　　1．Internet Scams　2.Phishing　3.an email　4.confirm　5.Results/Consequences　6.security　7.get murdered/lose your life　8.password　9.Under no circumstances　10.Conclusion/Summary

　　Ⅵ.阅读简答

　　1．Careless actions.

　　2．By not allowing rain water to seep into the ground.

　　3．Find a trash can.

　　4．The problem of littering.