河北省2016届高考英语一轮复习学案（新人教版） Unit 4《Astronomy The science of the stars》必修3

　　Unit 4　Astronomy: The science of the stars

　　范文赏析与背诵

　　你班就“是否应该花费巨大的人力、物力和财力进行太空探索”进行了讨论。

　　有些人认为太空探索完全是浪费时间和金钱。理由是收效甚微、花费巨大。

　　但大多数同学认为进行太空探索利大于弊，许多新产品，如气象、通讯卫星都直接得益于太空研究，使全球受益匪浅。

　　你的观点------

　　Do we need space exploration?

　　Man has been fascinated by outer space for thousands of years. It has been over forty years since man’s first landing on the room. Now some people believe that space exploration is a waste of time and money. They point out the fact that it cost billions of dollars to carry on the space research, but a little information has brought back.

　　However, every coin has two sides. There are still a majority of other people who believe that space exploration has more disadvantages. And I agree with those people. Many new products, such as weather and communication satellites, are also products of space programs, and the have benefited people all over the world. And what’s more, scientific knowledge about outer space has been acquired by mankind.

　　We believed that it will bring more benefits in the future, which we cannot even imagine now. Space exploration is challenge o human beings. That’s why several nations try hard to carry out space exploration continuously.

　　单元知识必备

　　核心考点： in time 3年1考

　　prevent---from—3年1考

　　make+宾语+宾补3年3考

　　倍数3年2考

　　1．unlike prep.不同adj不同的；不相似的

　　Something like几分像---It’s like/unlike sth. 做某事实在像/不像某人dislike vt不喜欢，讨厌

　　1). There was something like 500 people in the audience.

　　2). Unlike other gifts, it came without wrap.

　　3). It’s unlike him to be late; he’s usually on time.

　　4). She dislikes his way of speaking.

　　2．exist Vi存在；生存

　　1). Man can’t exist without air.

　　2). There exist many sources of energy.

　　3). When did the world come into existence?

　　Guess：They exist on very little money.

　　3. puzzle n谜；难题

　　vt/vi（使）迷惑

　　1). Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.

　　2). But his curiosity was difficult to control and this new computer really puzzled him.

　　3). I’m in a puzzle as to what to do next.

　　4). I saw him puzzle over a match problem.

　　5). He puzzled (his brain) all day over the problem, but didn’t solve it.

　　4．pull

　　n. vt.拉（力）；拖；牵引力

　　1). I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned around.

　　2). He will pull through his illness soon.

　　3). They have managed to pull down the old building.

　　4). The train pulled in and all the passengers got off.

　　Guess: Who can resist the pull of her charm?

　　归纳：pull down 拆毁；拆掉（房屋等） pull in （列车等）驶进、到站；（船）靠岸 pull through恢复（健康）；（使）渡过难关

　　拓展：推push 拉pull

　　5．in time 及时；终于

　　1）He might get here in time, but I can’t be sure.

　　2)

　　If you keep on, you will succeed in time.

　　拓展：on time 准时 at a time 每次；逐一 from time to time 有时；偶尔 in no time 立刻；马上 time and time again 一次又一次；一再

　　6．prevent ---from--- 阻止；制止

　　1) Guards stood at the door to prevent anyone from leaving.

　　2) His advice kept me from making a serious mistake.

　　3) Once he has made up his mind, no one can prevent him from carrying out the plan.

　　7．cheer up

　　感到高兴；感到振奋

　　1) Feeling blue about the world? Cheer up.

　　2) The audience stood up to cheer on their team, the Vancouver Canucks.

　　3) The news cheered him up.

　　8．now that 既然

　　（口语中可省略that，这时that失去了“现在”的含义）since

　　1) Now that you have finished your work, you’d better have a rest.

　　2) Now (that) the weather is fine, let’s go for a ride.

　　3) Now (that) you have grown up, you can make up you mind by yourself.

　　4) Now that I’ve seen how he lives, I know why he needs so much money.

　　9. break out 突发；爆发

　　1) Should another world war break out, what would become of human being?

　　2) The thought made him break out in a cold sweat.

　　拓展：break away from 脱离（党派）；摆脱（控制） break down 毁掉；坏掉；（计划、谈判0失败 break up 打碎；拆散；（会议）结束；分裂（解体） break off （使）停止；中断；折断

　　break into 强行进入（某处）

　　Ⅱ.重点句型详解

　　1. This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. 这就形成一个连锁反应，使生命发展成为可能。

　　make+宾语+宾语补足语（名词或形容词/不带to的不定式/过去分词/介词短语）

　　1）Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world.

　　2）Spaceships make it possible to travel to the moon.

　　3）New technologies have made it possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.

　　拓展：注意下列句子中it的用法：

　　1) I hate it when people speak with their mouths full.我不喜欢人们说话时嘴里有满满的东西。) It is/was the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋主语＋have/had done...这是某人第……次做…… 3) It is (high) time that...＋主语＋did/should do...是……该做……的时候了。 4)It’s up to sb. to do... 该某人做……了

　　2．But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.(1)“A＋倍数＋形容词或副词的比较级＋than＋B”，A比B大(长、、)多少倍”。(2)“A＋倍数＋as＋形容词或副词的原级＋as＋B”，A是B的多少倍”。(3)“A＋倍数＋the size/height/length/width, etc.＋of＋B”，A是B的多少倍”。(4)“A＋倍数＋what从句”，A是……的多少倍”。Asia is four times as large as Europe.＝The size of Asia is four times that of Europe. ＝Asia is four times the size of Europe.＝Asia is three times larger than Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大(比欧洲大三倍)。Our total income of 1994 was double that of 1992.我们1994年的总收入是1992年的两倍。The production now is three times what it was ten years ago.现在的产量是十年前的三倍。What a table! I've never seen such a thing before. It is not half as wide as it is long. ●重点单词

　　1． n．天文学→astronomer n．天文学家 2． n．系统；体系；制度 3． n．学说；理论→theoretical adj.理论上的 4． n．球体；地球仪；地球→global adj.全球性的；全世界的

　　5． adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→violence n．暴力→violently adv.猛烈地 6． n．大气层；气氛

　　7． prep.不同；不像→dislike vt.不喜欢 8． n．出席；到场；存在→present adj. & n. & v．在场的；目前，9． adj.有害的；伤害的→harm n．危害，harmless adj.无害的

　　10． vi.存在，existence n．存在，11． n．谜；难题vt. & vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难→puzzled adj.迷惑的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的 12． n．万有引力；重力 13． n．卫星；人造卫星

　　14． n．气候 15． n．宇宙飞船 16． n. & vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力 17． vi. & vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮 n．漂浮物 18． n．质量；团；块；大量；(复)群众

　　●重点短语

　　●重点短语 1．2．3．4．5．6．(光线) 7．8．9．10．11．12．13．，14．–Thank God you’re safe!

　　-I stepped back. just __ to avoid the racing car. (2017江苏)

　　A. in time

　　B. incase

　　C. in need

　　D. in vain

　　2.—I‘m thinking of the test tomorrow. I’m afraid I can‘t pass this time. —______！ I’m sure you‘ll make it. A．Go aheadB．Good luck

　　C．No problem

　　DCheer up

　　3. With the words, he ______ a wide mouth jar from his pocket and set it on the table in front of him. A．pulled out

　　Bchecked out

　　C．stuck out

　　Ddropped out

　　4. As the busiest woman in Norton, she made ______ her duty to look after all the other people‘s affairs in that town. A.this

　　B.that

　　C.one

　　D.it

　　5．Its ______ for the Shenzhou Ⅶ spaceship that every Chinese feels cheerful and proud. A. so a successful flight B. so successful a flight C. such successful a flight D.a such successful flight

　　6. We were scared to death when the fire ______. Fortunately, it was put out before it caused much damage. A．broke out

　　Bcame out

　　C．gave out

　　D．turned out

　　7．At the ______ news, there was a ______ expression on his face. Apuzzled; puzzling

　　B. puzzling; puzzle

　　C. puzzling; puzzled

　　D．puzzled; puzzle

　　8.Do you think ______ life on Mars? A.it exists

　　B．there exists

　　C．it is existed

　　D．there is existed

　　9. All possible means ______. However, nothing can ______ him dying of lung cancer. A. has tried; stop B. have tried; keep C.has been tried; prevent D.have been tried; stop

　　10．______， I lost heart in English learning, but my teacher often said to me, Keep on working hard, and you‘ll succeed______.” A. At a time; in time

　　B. At a time; on time

　　C.At one time; in time

　　D.At one time; on time

　　11.Water, which seems so simple and common, is ______ makes life possible. A．what

　　Bthat

　　C．which

　　Dhow

　　12．______you‘ve passed the final exam, you can prepare for the coming holiday. ANow that

　　B.As soon as

　　C. Although

　　D. If

　　13.Some parts in South China have experienced ______this year as they did last year. A．twice as much rain

　　Brain twice as much

　　C．as twice much rain Dtwice rain as much

　　14. The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly____.

　　A. atmosphere

　　B. state

　　C. situation

　　D. phenomenon

　　15. It is by no means clear ___ the president can do to end the strike.

　　A. how

　　B. which

　　C. that

　　D. what

　　16. We promise ___ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.

　　A. who

　　B. whom

　　C. whoever

　　D. whomever

　　●完成句子

　　1. The puzzled look on his face suggested that _____________________________________________.

　　他脸上迷惑的表情表明他在苦苦思索这个让人困惑的问题。

　　2.His back injury may ___________________________.他背部的伤可能使他参加不了明天的比赛。

　　3. This ruler is ___________________________________________/twice longer than that one/three times the length of that one.

　　4. ________________________________,you should not depend on your parents.既然你已经长大了，就不应该依赖你的父母了。

　　5. I’m taking Tom out ____________________.我要带汤姆到外面转转，让他振作起来。

　　6. His laziness _______________________________ to achieve success.他的懒惰使他不可能成功。

　　挑战：_______________________________ when it’s somebody’s birthday, he or she brings in a cake for us all to share.在我们办公室有一个传统：当有人过生日的时候，就会带来一个蛋糕与大家分享。

　　●短文改错I was playing at my cousin house. Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did. There was one on particular I’d always wanted. I put into my pocket when he wasn’t looking. I guessed, even at that age, I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy or faced my cousin again; I would always know I’d done something wrong. Late on, my aunt drove me home. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back. She knows what had happened, but she thanked me and ever mentioned it again.