2016届高考英语人教版一轮复习：课时作业32

　　课时作业32　Robots

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　(2017·山东省菏泽市月考)

　　Many of the 85 million people in Irene's path—from the Carolinas to Maine—had not experienced hurricanes, or had only been through storms that were weaker, smaller and less damaging. For those unfamiliar with severe hurricanes, Irene was either abstract or not particularly frightening, something to get excited about more than to fear.

　　Given that the way we perceive(感觉) and respond to risk is affective—not merely objectively analytical, but the sum of the facts and how scary those facts feel—it was likely that many people might be ignorant of the storm's threat.

　　So it was heartening to see how many did in fact take the warnings to heart and prepared. The long lines at grocery stores, the high demand for batteries and bottled water, and even the patience and understanding about local government orders to evacuate(撤离) or shut down mass transit systems, show that people took the potential danger seriously.

　　There are two possible lessons from this storm. As much as our affective risk perception system can sometimes produce a dangerous “perception gap” between our fears and the facts—when we sometimes fear more than we need to, or less than we should—it's also reasonably good at recognizing risk when it's_staring_us_in_the_face. Though most of us didn't lose power, we know that 7 million people did. Though most of us did not suffer property damage, we know that millions did. Most of us did not lose loved ones, but we know that at least 21 families did. We know hurricanes can be dangerous, even if for many of us this one wasn't.

　　The other lesson is that rare risks do hide and can spring up with little or no warning, and few of us are prepared for those. Remember the East Coast earthquake last week?

　　It might have been annoying to wait in line for hours for those extra D batteries or food supplies, but it was careful to do so, and it's a good idea to keep them on hand. Just because a risk might not be staring us in the face or feel all that scary, it doesn't mean that it doesn't make sense to be ready. Just in case.

　　1．From the passage, we can know that Irene ________.

　　A．is the way people respond to risk

　　B．is the order to evacuate or shut down mass transit systems

　　C．was the name of a hurricane

　　D．was the author of the passage

　　2．The underlined sentence “it's staring us in the face” in the fourth paragraph probably means ________.

　　A．we are faced with risk that is unavoidable

　　B．we'll have to take a risk

　　C．we are likely to experience risk

　　D．we are at risk of suffering property losses

　　3．According to the passage, one of the lessons learnt from this storm is ________.

　　A．people fear the storm more than they need to

　　B．a dangerous storm will become less damaging if forecast accurately

　　C．people are always prepared for risks that happen without warning

　　D．It's reasonable to be aware of risk facing us

　　4．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________.

　　A．it's not essential to be ready for the possible risk

　　B．it doesn't make sense to take the potential danger seriously

　　C．it's worthwhile to take proper measures to avoid possible risk

　　D．it's wise to keep batteries or food supplies at home

　　答案与解析

　　本文来自美国网站New York Times, Dismissing the Threat? No Way, Updated August 29,2011, 08：35 p．m. 众所周知，飓风的威力和破坏力是巨大的，但现代科技能预测飓风来临的时间、风向、速度和威力，从而对飓风所能经过的路线上的居民实施紧急撤离。飓风过后，人们并没有看到所预测的威力和破坏的强度，你能怀疑预测的不科学性吗？你能怀疑实施撤离决策的失误性吗？此文将向你回答这些问题。

　　1．C　细节理解题。根据全文，尤其第一段得知。

　　2．A　句意理解题。根据第四段得知。Be staring sb. in the face means to seem impossible to avoid.

　　3．D　细节推理题。综合分析第四、五两段得知。尤其第四段中it's also reasonably good at recognizing risk when it's staring us in the face. 可知选D项。

　　4．C　主旨归纳题。根据最后一段的最后一句it doesn't mean that it doesn't make sense to be ready. Just in case. 可知选C项。

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　The little boy stood outside the entrance to the mall, in the __1__ spring wind, collecting donations for cancer research. Nose red, hat deep over his ears, he __2__ one hand in his pocket and held a list with his other hand. I __3__ he had no gloves.

　　I chccked my purse, but had no coins. It is a __4__ of mine to always give money to cancer research—I have __5__ dear friends and family members to the disease, and want to do my little part to help find a __6__.

　　“I'll bring you some money when I come back from the mall，” I __7__ the young boy. “Thank you！” he smiled and __8__ into a big tissue.

　　I did my shopping and __9__ buying a cup of hot chocolate for the little boy, but I could not. Hadn't I always __10__ children not to take anything from strangers? But now I had coins __11__ to give to him. Finally I went into a clothing store and bought a pair of blue __12__ for him.

　　As I stepped __13__， the little boy stood right where he had been.

　　“OK, now give me your __14__，” I said to the boy and he handed it over with a pen. I looked at the empty lines. A few __15__ were there and I could see others had given a few coins too.

　　“Do you need to get all these lines __16__？”

　　“Yes，” he started. “Oh no. I don't have to, but I want to.”

　　“Will the organization give you something to __17__ you for doing this？” I asked, __18__ to hear he got some nice toys or __19__ a certificate.

　　“Oh yes！” the boy said and his eyes lit up with __20__， “I get a new, empty list！” He was smiling broadly, “But I feel good doing this.”

　　1．A.fair

　　B．bitter

　　C．light

　　D．soft

　　2．A.clapped

　　B．pressed

　　C．warmed

　　D．shook

　　3．A.doubted

　　B．admitted

　　C．predicted

　　D．noticed

　　4．A.principle

　　B．request

　　C．suggestion

　　D．virtue

　　5．A.contributed

　　B．lost

　　C．supported

　　D．introduced

　　6．A.control

　　B．method

　　C．cure

　　D．cause

　　7．A.promised

　　B．comforted

　　C．reminded

　　D．advised

　　8．A.shouted

　　B．pointed

　　C．nodded

　　D．sneezed

　　9．A.gave up

　　B．thought about

　　C．put off

　　D．set about

　　10．A.warned

　　B．forced

　　C．commanded

　　D．begged

　　11．A.in advance

　　B．at first

　　C．at least

　　D．in turn

　　12．A.pants

　　B．gloves

　　C．shoes

　　D．boots

　　13．A.inside

　　B．behind

　　C．forward

　　D．outside

　　14．A.list

　　B．card

　　C．note

　　D．tissue

　　15．A.marks

　　B．paintings

　　C．signatures

　　D．colors

　　16．A.taken

　　B．filled

　　C．adopted

　　D．divided

　　17．A.admire

　　B．prepare

　　C．charge

　　D．reward

　　18．A.hoping

　　B．trying

　　C．deciding

　　D．offering

　　19．A.exactly

　　B．actually

　　C．perhaps

　　D．definitely

　　20．A.embarrassment

　　B．surprise

　　C．disappointment

　　D．delight

　　答案与解析

　　这是一篇记叙文，讲述了发生在作者与一位在寒风中为癌症研究事业募捐的小男孩之间的故事。

　　1．B　根据下文的“Nose red”“had no gloves”可知，小男孩站在刺骨的风中。bitter 表示“寒冷的，刺骨的”。

　　2．C　把手放在口袋中是为了取暖，warm 做及物动词表示“(使)暖和”。故选C项。

　　3．D　这是作者在购物中心门口看到的一幕，因此选D项。notice 表示“注意(到)”。

　　4．A　根据下文的“want to do my little part to help find”可知，经常为癌症研究捐钱是作者的原则。

　　5．B　从本句中的“to the disease”及文中提到的“cancer”可知，这里指作者有朋友和家人死于癌症。故选B项。

　　6．C　作者捐钱的目的是想帮助找到治疗癌症的方法，因此用 cure “疗法”。

　　7．A　由上文作者跟小男孩说的话可知，这是作者对小男孩的许诺。故选A项。

　　8．D　根据上文中提到的天气寒冷和本句中的“a big tissue”可知，小男孩此时在打喷嚏，故选D项。

　　9．B　作者想(thought about)给小男孩买一杯热巧克力饮料。

　　10．A　根据本句中的“not to take anything from strangers”可知，作者经常警告(warned)自己的孩子不要接受陌生人的东西。

　　11．C　但是现在作者至少有零钱给他了。at least 表示“至少”。

　　12．B　文章第一段中说作者注意到小男孩没有戴手套，因此作者给小男孩买了一副手套(gloves)。

　　13．D　由上文可知，小男孩站在购物中心的外面，因此这里表示作者走出(outside)购物中心看到小男孩依然站在那儿。

　　14．A　根据第一段的“held a list with his other hand”可知，作者向小男孩要了名单(list)，想签上自己的名字。

　　15．C　根据下文的“others had given a few coins too” 可知，作者看到名单上有几个人的签名(signatures)。

　　16．B　根据下文的“I want to”可知，作者在询问小男孩是否需要让人们把这个名单填满(filled)。

　　17．D　根据下文的“got some nice toys”可知，作者问小男孩：“这个组织会因为你做这件事奖励(reward)你什么东西吗？”

　　18．A　作者在询问小男孩，自然是希望(hoping)听到他的答复。

　　19．C　根据本句中的“or”可知，作者希望听到小男孩说得到一些漂亮的玩具或者可能(perhaps)是一个证书。

　　20．D　根据下文的“He was smiling broadly”可知，小男孩回答时是很高兴的。故选D项。

　　Ⅲ.语法填空

　　(2017·河北省石家庄市月考)

　　We high school students do have some growing pains, but we can get rid of them correctly and wisely. __1__， some of us are upset __2__ their body styles and looks. It's unnecessary and it's not important at all. We needn't care about it. It is one's inner beauty __3__ matters. Second, we sometimes seem to be misunderstood __4__ our teachers, parents and classmates. __5__ (face) with this, we can find a proper time to have a heart­to­heart talk with them, trying to remove the __6__ (understand). Some of us have fewer friends. I think being open­minded and friendly will do you good. Third, we may fall behind others, __7__ makes us stressed. Actually we can encourage __8__ to work efficiently, full of __9__(determine). At last, some of us don't have much pocket money, so they feel unhappy. Isn't it strange? So long as we have some, that's enough. And we can learn __10__ to spend money.

　　答案与解析

　　本文讲述高中生成长中有很多的烦恼，我们应该用正确的方式处理。

　　1．First　与第三行的Second 形成呼应，都表示列举。

　　2．about　be upset about... 对……感到难过。

　　3．that　本句是一个强调句型It is...that...；本句强调的是主语one's inner beauty，句意：重要的是我们的内在美。

　　4．by　be misunderstood by 被……误解。

　　5．Faced　本句中的faced 是动词 face 的过去分词转换的形容词，构成be faced with...面对着……；在句中使用形容词说明后面主句转换主语的情况。

　　6．misunderstanding　句意：我们找合适的时间与父母面对面交谈，消除误解。

　　7．which　本句是一个非限制性定语从句，which 指代前面一句话的内容在句中做主语。

　　8．ourselves　本句中使用反身代词ourselves 表示强调。我们经常鼓励自己高效工作。

　　9．determination　本句中介词of 后面要接名词作宾语，故使用determine 的名词determination。

　　10．how　本句考察“特殊疑问词＋不定式”在句中做宾语的用法，在本句中how to spend money 作为动词learn 的宾语。

　　Ⅳ.短文改错

　　Today is Sunday. I've been in Russia for two months. This is the first time that I've been away my family for such a long time. With the help of Katia, a roommate of me, I've soon got used to live without my parents around. Katia, like many other Russian girls, are nice and lively. We became friends shortly after we met each other. Although her English is a little hardly to understand, we enjoy chatting and we usually talk a lot about our own family. We're both surprising that Chinese culture and Russian culture were so different. Now, we are planning a small party for the next Sunday. There, Katia will introduce me to some of her friends, one of who has been to China several times. I just can't wait.

　　答案