2016高三英语一轮（外研版）复习：语法专项突破3

　　第二部分　语法专项突破()

　　真题改编，语法填空

　　1．(2017·山东·6改编)There's a note pinned to the door ________(say) when the shop will open again.

　　答案：saying　句意：门上钉着一张纸条，上面写着商店再次营业的时间。非谓语动词作定语修饰前面的名词a note，且note与say之间为主动关系，故答案为saying。

　　2．(2017·重庆·5改编)The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras________(return) to our shop for quality problems.

　　答案：returned　句意：生产商定期来收集因质量问题退回到我们店的相机。cameras与return是被动关系，故应用returned。

　　3．(2017·浙江·14改编)Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ________(appoint) to guard her.

　　答案：appointed　句意：Amie Salmon身有残疾，在她的学生时代有一个指定的护士来照顾她上学。根据句子结构可知，此处非谓语动词的逻辑主语是空格前面的名词a nurse，与appoint构成被动关系，所以应用appointed表示“被任命的”。

　　4．(2017·北京·28改编)There are still many problems ________(solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.

　　答案：to be solved　句意：在我们准备长时间停留在月球之前，仍然还有许多问题有待解决。根据后面的时间状语从句before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon可以判断出是表示将来要发生的事情。many problems与solve之间存在被动关系，结合句意可知应该是将要解决的问题，属于将来的动作；因此动词不定式的被动结构符合题意。

　　5．(2017·福建·27改编)________(spend) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.

　　答案：Having spent　句意：在香港作为一名交换生度过了一年，琳达看上去比同龄人更加成熟。主语Linda与动词spend之间为主动关系，再结合句中the past year可知，此动作已经发生，故应用Having spent。

　　6．(2017·陕西·20改编)________(work out) the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.

　　答案：To work out　句意：为了解决那道数学难题，我咨询了Russell教授多次。本句是不定式作目的状语。

　　7．(2017·江西·31改编)________ nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.

　　答案：Having spent　句意：我们几乎把所有的钱都用完了，没有钱住宾馆了。此处用现在分词完成形式haing done作状语，表示先于主句谓语动词的动作couldn't afford...而发生。

　　8．(2017·湖南·21改编)Children，when________(accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.

　　答案：accompanied　句意：孩子们在有父母陪同时可允许进入体育馆。根据children与accompany的逻辑关系及后面的by their parents可知，此处是指孩子被父母陪同，故答案为accompanied。

　　9．(2017·四川·7改编)—I hope to take the computer course.

　　—Good idea.________(find out) more about it, visit this website.

　　答案：To find out　句意：——“我希望上电脑课。”——“好主意。要想了解更多，请登录这个网站。”本句是不定式作目的状语。

　　10．(2017·重庆·11改编)Group activities will be organized after class ________(help) children develop team spirit.

　　答案：to help　句意：课下组织群体活动是为了帮助学生培养团队精神。to help children develop team spirit在句中作目的状语。

　　11．(2017·天津·7改编)Clearly and thoughtfully ________(write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.

　　答案：written　句意：这本书脉络清晰，论述深刻，能够激发那些自主探究答案的学生的自信心。write与book之间为动宾关系，因此用过去分词形式，过去分词在句中作状语。

　　12．(2017·安徽·32改编)While waiting for the opportunity to get ________(promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.

　　答案：promoted　句意：亨利在等待被提拔的机会时尽力履行自己的职责。此处的Henry和promote是被动关系，get done是被动语态的另一种表达方式。

　　13．(2017·四川·5改编)The manager was satisfied to see many new products ________(develop) after great effort.

　　答案：developed　句意：经理看到经过很大的努力之后生产出了这么多新产品非常满意。see sth. done表示“看到某物被……”，句中many new products与develop之间为被动关系，故应用developed。

　　14．(2017·北京·25改编)Last night, there were millions of people ________ the opening ceremony live on TV.

　　答案：watching　句意：昨晚有数百万的人观看了电视直播的开幕式。本句运用了There be结构，其中millions of people是句子的主语，后面的watch部分与主语存在主动关系，应该是作主语补足语，根据时间状语last night可知，应该是指昨晚发生的事情，应该用过去进行时，即Millions of people were watching the opening ceremony live on TV last night.，在转化成There be结构后，就变成了There were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on TV last night.，所以watching正确。

　　15．(2017·陕西·12改编)It's quite hot today. Do you feel like ________(go) for a swim?

　　答案：going　句意：今天特别的热。你想去游泳吗？feel like“喜欢；想”，后面接名词或动名词，表示将来的打算或想法。故用going。

　　16．(2017·江西·34改编)He is thought ________(act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.

　　答案：to have acted　句意：人们认为他行为愚蠢。现在除了他自己没有人应该因为他失去工作负责。sb. is thought to have done sth.是It is thought that sb. have/has done sth.的变式。

　　17．(2017·湖南·23改编)________(understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.

　　答案：Understanding　句意：明白自己的需要及交流的风格与学会表达关爱和情感同等重要。根据句子结构可知，此处用非谓语动词的主动形式作主语，understanding表示抽象概念，不表示先于谓语动词的动作发生，故不用完成式。

　　18．(2017·湖南改编)________ warm at night, I would fill the wood stove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could refill it.(stay)

　　答案：To stay　考查不定式作目的状语。句意：为了保暖，我把火炉添好柴，然后把闹钟调在子夜以便能再添柴。表目的时，非谓语用不定式形式。

　　19．(2017·北京改编)Volunteering gives you a chance ______ lives, including your own.(change)

　　答案：to change　本题考查非谓语动词。句意：志愿者工作给了你改变生活的机会，包括你自己的。a chance to do sth.“干某事的机会”，chance后接动词不定式作定语。

　　20．(2017·山东改编)I stopped the car ________take a short break as I was feeling tired.

　　答案：to　本题考查非谓语动词。句意：我停下车来休息了一下，因为我感到疲倦。动词不定式在此处作目的状语。

　　21．(2017·四川改编)The airport ________ next year will help promote tourism in this area.(complete)

　　答案：to be completed　本题考查非谓语动词的用法。complete与airport之间为动宾关系而且根据next year可知动作尚未发生，故用不定式加被动语态。

　　22．(2017·新课标全国改编)The sunlight is white and blinding, ________ hard­edged shadows on the ground.(throw)

　　答案：throwing　本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：阳光是无色且耀眼的，在地上洒下硬边的影子。sunlight 与throw之间是主谓关系，故此处用现在分词作伴随状语。

　　23．(2017·四川改编)________ which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.(not know)

　　答案：Not knowing　本题考查非谓语动词的用法。本题中know与其逻辑主语之间的关系为主谓关系，not 否定分词时要放于其前面。

　　24．(2017·山东改编)The room is empty except for a book shelf ________ in one corner.(stand)

　　答案：standing　本题考查非谓语动词。句意：除了站立在一个角落的书架之外，这个屋子是空的。此处是非谓语动词作定语，与所修饰的词bookshelf之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式。

　　25．(2017·湖南改编)The sun began to rise in the sky, ______ the mountain in golden light.(bath)

　　答案：bathing　考查现在分词短语作伴随状语。句意：太阳升起来了，整个山沐浴在霞光里。“太阳升起时”，与bathe the mountain in golden light这一动作伴随发生，the sun与bathe之间为主动关系，且句子两部分之间没有连词，所填内容为非谓语，故用现在分词短语作伴随状语。