2016高考英语一轮复习：语法专项突破专题11课件

　　走向高考 · 英语 人教版(课标卷地区) · 高考总复习

　　语法专项突破

　　第二部分 专题十一　主谓一致 第二部分 原则 主语 谓语 典句例示 语法一致原则 单数 单数 The boy was struggling for a better life. 复数 复数 The students are working hard to go to college. 就近一致原则 由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but(also)...等连接 与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致 ①Either the shirts or the sweater is worth buying. ②Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film. 由there, here引起的主语不止一个时 和最邻近的主语保持一致 There are two pencils and a pen on the desk. 原则 主语 谓语 典句例示 意义一致原则 由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现 单数 ①The poet and writer has come. ②Truth and honesty is the best policy. no/each/every/many a＋单数名词＋and(＋no/each/every/many a)＋单数名词 Each boy and each girl has an apple. one/every one/each/either/the number＋of/the variety of＋复数名词 The number of students from the north is small. clothing，furniture，traffic，jewellery，baggage，equipment，luggage等无生命的集体名词 Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area. 以－s结尾的表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称的词 Politics is often a topic for discussion. 表示时间、重量、距离、价格、金钱、体积等复数名词表达一个整体概念 Ten years is a moment in history. 由every－，any－，some－，no－和－one，－thing，－body等构成的不定代词 Is everybody here today？ 动词－ing形式、动词不定式和名词性从句 ①Persuading him to join us seems really hard. ②Whatever was left was taken away. 原则 主语 谓语 典句例示 意义一致原则 由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念 复数 A poet and a writer have come. people，police，cattle等有生命的集体名词 People read for pleasure during their spare time. 一些常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词，如goods，stairs，arms等 The goods are sold out. 山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等以­s结尾的专有名词 The Olympic Games are held once every four years. a number of＋名词 A number of students are from the south. 原则 主语 谓语 典句例示 意义一致原则 集体名词class，family，army，team，club，company，population，minority，enemy，party，crowd，crew，audience，committee，government，majority，group等强调整体时谓语用单数，指个体成员时谓语用复数 单复数视情况而定 ①Our family has a reunion every year. ②His family are waiting for him.

　　单复数同形的名词，如means，works，deer，fish，sheep等 ①Every means has been tried. ②All possible means have been tried. all，none，some，any等不定代词 ①All is going on very well. ②All are present besides the professor. “half/most/enough/part/the rest/the last/lots/plenty/分数/百分数＋of＋名词”作主语，谓语要和of之后的名词单复数保持一致 ①About one third of the books are worth reading. ②Only 60 percent of the work has been done. 特别提醒 what和whatever引导主语从句时谓语动词的单复数根据从句所表达的意义上的数确定 ①What he says and does do not agree. ②What he says and does does not concern me. 在定语从句中，关系代词作主语，其谓语动词的数和先行词保持一致，但“one of＋复数名词”后面的定语从句的谓语动词用复数，而在“the(only/very)one of＋复数名词”后面所接的定语从句中，谓语动词却用单数 ①He is one of the students who have taken part in the activity. ②He is the only one of the students who has taken part in the activity. 当主语后有介词with，together/along with，including，like，but，except，other than，rather than和as well as等时，谓语动词应和前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致 ①The teacher as well as the students was excited at the news. ②Nobody except my parents knows anything about it. 由两部分构成的表示物体的名词，如trousers，glasses等作主语时，谓语动词常用复数，但是如果这类名词前用了a pair of/two(three)pairs of等来修饰，谓语动词在数上要与pair等保持一致 ①These trousers need cleaning. ②This pair of trousers is mine. 特别提醒 a quantity of/quantities of和a(great，large)amount of/large amounts of后既可接可数名词，也可接不可数名词，其谓语动词视情况而定 ①With more forests being destroyed, quantities of good earth are being washed away each year. ②A large amount of money was spent on the bridge. 由“kind(form，type，sort)of”等修饰的主语，其谓语形式取决于这些词的单复数 ①This new type of buses is now on show. ②All kinds of difficulties have to be overcome. 若用and连接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句，表示两个不同的概念则谓语动词用复数形式。若表示同一概念，则谓语动词用单数形式 ①Riding on the elephants and rowing the boats were the children's favourite games. ②Getting up early and going to bed early is a good habit. many a，more than one后加可数名词的单数形式，谓语动词用单数 ①Many a student has seen the film. ②More than one person has made the suggestion.