2017高考英语三轮冲刺阅读强化训练20

　　、阅读理解（本大题共5小题，共0分）

　　A

　　y must be able to prove that they have had a recent vaccination. In this way the disease has been prevented from spreading and today one seldom hears of it at all.

　　This is mainly because of the great discovery made by a village doctor, Edward Jenner, in about 1798 when he published his report of his new experiment called vaccination (from the word 'vacca' meaning a cow). Jenner discovered that people who worked with cattle often suffered from a harmless disease which they caught from the cattle, but these people never seemed to get smallpox. So he experimented by putting the disease into a small opening on the arms of healthy people, and though their arms became painful for a day or two, they soon recovered and none of these people ever got smallpox.

　　So the news of the wonderful discovery spread to other countries and people rushed to their doctors to be vaccinated. In many countries the simple way to deal with the arm was done on thousands of people, and the terrible smallpox began to disappear.

　　1. Vaccination against smallpox has been so successful that______.

　　A. the discoverer made a large amount of money

　　B. Dr Jenner was given a prize by the World Health Organization

　　C. smallpox has almost disappeared in most countries

　　D. smallpox was no longer in existence on earth

　　2. Smallpox has been prevented from spreading through the following measures EXCEPT that ______.

　　A. most people were vaccinated against the disease at least once

　　B. people going abroad should promise not to spread the disease

　　C. people travelling from one country to another must prove they are vaccinated

　　D. people must be vaccinated shortly before going to foreign countries

　　3. What led Dr Jenner to experiment with vaccination was that______.

　　A. he wanted to make a great discovery and publish it

　　B. vaccination could make people's arms safe

　　C. he tried to cure the farmers of some disease caught from the cattle

　　D. those who worked with cattle seemed tree from getting smallpox

　　4. The doctor's new discovery was called 'vaccination' for the reason that ______.

　　A. he discovered smallpox near a farm

　　B. he experimented with a disease from the cattle

　　C. he was working with cattle in the countryside

　　D. people got the disease of smallpox from the cattle

　　5. The news of the discovery ______.

　　A. caught people's attention from all corners of the world

　　B. spread far and near in the western countries

　　C. made people rush to Dr Jenner for vaccination

　　D. helped to get rid of the terrible disease of smallpox

　　【答案解析】

　　1.【分析】本题属于细节题。文章中有这样一句：…announced that the disease of smallpox had almost been wiped out in most part of the world,…所以可以推出本题最佳答案为C。

　　2.【分析】本题也属于细节题。从题干中得知本题是要求“排出天花漫延的原因。”故B为正确答案。本题区分度为0.498。

　　3.【分析】本题也是细节题，从文中Jenner discovered that people who worked with cattle often suffered from a harmless disease which they caught from the cattle，but these people never seemed to get smallpox，一句中可以得出本题最佳答案为D。

　　4.【分析】这也是一道细节题。从文中‘vacation’from the word‘vacca’meaning a cow一句，可以看出本题正确答案为B。

　　5.【分析】本题仍属于细节题。从文中...the news of the wonderful discovery spread to other countries and people rushed to their doctors to be vaccinated一句，可以得出A为本题最佳答案。

　　B

　　Stop

　　Spam

　　When I first got an e-mail account ten years ago, I received communications only from family, friends, and colleagues. Now it seems that every time I check my e-mail, I have an endless series of advertisements and other correspondence that do not interest me at all. If we want e-mail to continue to be useful, we need specific laws that make spamming(发送垃圾邮件) a crime.

　　If lawmakers do not do something soon to prohibit spam, the problem will certainly get much worse. Computer programs allow spammers to send hundreds of millions of e-mails almost instantly. As more and more advertisers turn to spam to sell their products, individual(个人的) e-mail boxes are often flooded with spam e-mails. Would people continue to use e-mail if they had to deal with an annoying amount of spam each time?

　　This problem is troubling for individuals and companies as well. Many spam e-mails contain computer viruses that can shut down the entire network of a company. Companies rely on e-mail for their employees to communicate with each other. Spam frequently causes failures in their local communications networks, and their employees are thus unable to communicate effectively. Such a situation results in a loss of productivity and requires companies to repeatedly repair their networks. These computer problems raise production costs of companies, which are, in the end, passes on to the consumer.

　　For these reasons, I believe that lawmakers need to legislate (立法) against spam. Spammers should be fined, and perhaps sent to prison if they continue to disturb people. E-mail is a tool which helps people all over the world to communicate conveniently, but spam is destroying this convenience.

　　57. What does the underlined word “correspondence” in the Paragraph 1 probably mean?

　　A. messages

　　B. ideas

　　C. connections

　　D. programs

　　58. According to the text, what is the major cause of the flooding spam?

　　A. Companies rely on e-mail for communications.

　　B. More people in the world communicate by e-mail.

　　C. Many computer viruses contain spam e-mail.

　　D. More advertisers begin to promote sales through spam.

　　59. According to Paragraph 3, who is the final victim of spam?

　　A. The business

　　B. The advertiser

　　C. The employee

　　D. The consumer

　　60. What is the purpose of the text?

　　A. To inform

　　B. To educate

　　C. To persuade

　　D. To instruct

　　【答案解析】【文章导读】随着网络信息技术的发展，越来越多的人们实用网络邮箱来传递信息，但现在垃圾邮件的泛滥已经成为网络用户们深恶痛绝的事情，人们呼吁立法来阻止垃圾邮件的泛滥。

　　57. A. 【解析】词义猜测题。根据本文中的e-mail一词以及endless series of advertisements可以推断出correspondence在此处意思是：信件，垃圾邮件，由此可知本题选A。

　　58. D. 【解析】推理判断题。由第二自然段中的As more and more advertisers turn to spam to sell their products, individual e-mail boxes are often flooded with spam e-mails. 一句可知本题选D。

　　59. D. 【解析】推理判断题。根据本段的最后一句可知本题选D。

　　60. C. 【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知本文作者摆出了垃圾邮件的危害，其目的是说服立法人员尽快出台法律阻止垃圾邮件的蔓延，故本题选C。

　　C

　　(江苏宝应2017届高三一模)A

　　One of the strongest arguments for the raising of the school leaving age（ROSLA）has been that it will bring us some way nearer to “equality of opportunity”.

　　Many people like to think of our present system of schooling as providing plenty of steps up the ladder of success for clever children. It would be good to think that no one who is really bright can be missed out when the state system is obviously so complete. It is obvious, for instance, that many children from less wealthy homes reach university or do well in other ways.

　　Unfortunately we now have plenty of proofs that many children of every level of ability do much less well than they could. For instance, during the years of national military service it was possible to test the intelligence of all male 18-to-20-year-olds. Half of those soldiers who were placed in the two highest ability groups had left school at 15.

　　It has also been shown that the percentage of working class children going to university is almost the same now as it was in 1939. One study of 5, 000 children from birth to 21 years old shows that up to half the bright pupils from working class homes left school when they reached 16 years old. Moreover, there is no difference in intelligence between the sexes, but far more boys than girls stay in education after 16.

　　It is clear from this and many other proofs that many children are still leaving school too early to benefit from the prizes—money, social respectability, and interesting jobs—which higher education gives. It is clear too that the reasons why such children leave have much to do with their social background. Their parents often need the extra money another money-earner would bring in; they don’t value education for itself because their own was probably dull and unhappy. It is not so much that they force their sons and daughters to leave school, rather that they tend to say, “it’s up to you”.

　　36. It is hoped that ROSLA will give all children ________.

　　　A. a more enjoyable time at school

　　B. the same chances in society

　　　C. the right to a better school

　　D. higher scores in intelligence tests

　　37. People would like to think that ________.

　　　A. equal numbers of poor and wealthy children reach university

　　　B. those with the least money get the best education

　　　C. intelligent children are always selected by the system

　　　D. only really clever children do well

　　38.Working class children are thought to be at a disadvantage because ________.

　　　A. many of the clever ones leave school early

　　　B. fewer go to university than ever before

　　　C. more than half leave school when they are 16

　　　D. fewer boys than girls stay at school after 16

　　39. Many children leave school early because ________.

　　　A. their social background makes them unhappy

　　　B. they have to give something to their family’s income

　　　C. their school is a dull and unhappy place

　　　D. their parents don’t allow them to make their own decisions

　　40. This article shows that equal opportunity in education ________.

　　　A. is a thing of the past

　　B. has not yet been achieved

　　　C. is there for those who deserve it

　　　D. has greatly improved our society

　　【答案解析】A篇36-40BCABB

　　36. 选B。有学生误选A、C或者D，原因是没有领会文章第一段的含义。

　　37. 选C。

　　38. 选A。有学生误选B或者C，原因是不能领会该段1-2句，尤其是第二句话的含义。阅读文章第四段可知。

　　39. 选B。有学生想当然地误选D。阅读文章最后一段，尤其根据“It is clear too that the reasons why such children leave have much to do with their social background. Their parents often need the extra money another money-earner would bring in;”判断可知。

　　40. 选B。有学生会误选D，原因是误把“尚未实现的平等受教育的机会”理解成“已经实现”。

　　D

　　Indianapolis is the capital and largest city of Indiana, U.S.A. With a population of 744,000, it is one of the largest cities in the world that cannot be reached by water. However, Indianapolis is a city through which many railways, roads, buses,and planes pass. There are many factories which make trucks, farm tools, and electrical things. These factories cause little pollution for the city. Butler University, well-known for engineering, and the law and medical school of Indiana University are in the city centre. Nearby is the Indianpolis race course, where the nation's most famous car race is held each year on May 30th.

　　If you visited Indianapolis you would be able to find your way around easily because most of the streets cross each other like a chessboard(棋盘). In the centre of the city, called the Circle, stands the Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument, l00 metres high. Also in the centre there are many buildings made of the famous Indians stone, which makes them white in colour.

　　1. What is indianapolis best known for?

　　A. Its yearly motor race.

　　B. Its schools and libraries.

　　C. Its universities and medical schools.

　　D. Its Soliders' and Sailors' Monument.

　　2. You can NOT travel to Indianapolis by ______.

　　A. boat

　　B. train

　　C. car

　　D. bike

　　3. From the text, what do we learn about the size of Indianapolis?______.

　　A. It is the largest city in the U.S.A.

　　B. It has a population of over a million.

　　C. It has a population of under a million.

　　D. It is one of the largest cities in the world.

　　4. It is easy for a stranger to go about in the city because______.

　　A. most of the buildings are in the centre of the city

　　B. there are many different ways of travelling there

　　C. the buildings are very close to each other

　　D. the city is planned in squares.

　　5. Many building in Indianapolis are white because_____.

　　A. they are painted white every year

　　B. the Indianan people keep them clean

　　C. they are made of a special stone

　　D. there is little pollution from factories

　　【答案解析】

　　1.【分析】这是一道细节题，题干中best known for可以提示我们文章中一自然段的最后一句话，则是选择本题的根据，那么A是本题最佳答案。

　　2.【分析】这是一道细节题。第一自然段...it is one of the largest cities in the world that can not be reached by water一句得到提示，A为该题最佳答案。

　　3.【分析】同上，该题属细节题。从文中with a population of 744,000一短语，得出该题答案为C。

　　4.【分析】这也是一道细节题。答案为D，答此题的关键是能否明白D项中的短语in squares成正方形，与文章中提到的…a chessboard同义。

　　5.【分析】这是一道细节题。从文中的最后一句可以得出该题最佳答案为C。

　　E

　　As prices and building costs keep rising, the "do-it-yourself" (DIY) trend(趋势) in the U.S. continues to grow.

　　"We needed furniture (家具) for our living room," says John Ross, "and we just didn't have enough money to buy it. So we decided to try making a few tables and chairs. " John got married six months ago. and like many young people these days, they are struggling to make a home at a time when the cost of living is very high. The Rosses took a 2-week course for $ 280 at a night school. Now they build all their furniture and make repairs around the house.

　　Jim Hatfield has three boys and his wife died. He has a full-time job at home as well as in a shoe making factory. Last month, he received a car repair bill for $ 420. "I was deeply upset about it. Now I've finished a car repair course, I should be able to fix the car by myself. "

　　John and Jim are not unusual people. Most families in the country are doing everything they can to save money so they can fight the high cost of living. If you want to become a "do-it-yourselfer", you can go to DIY classes. And for those who don't have time to take a course, there are books that tell you how you can do things yourself.

　　1. We can learn from the text that many newly married people______.

　　A. find it hard to pay for what they need

　　B. have to learn to make their own furniture

　　C. take DIY courses run by the government

　　D. seldom go to a department store to buy things

　　2. John and his wife went to evening classes to learn how to______.

　　A. run a DIY shop

　　B. make or repair things

　　C. save time and money

　　D. improve the quality of life

　　3. When the writer says that Jim has a full-time job at home, he means Jim ______.

　　A. makes shoes in his home

　　B. does extra work at night

　　C. does his own car and home repairs

　　D. keeps house and looks after his children

　　4. Jim Hatfield decided to become a do-it-yourselfer when______.

　　A. his car repairs cost too much

　　B. the car repair class was not helpful

　　C. he could not passibly do two jobs

　　D. he had to raise the children all by himself

　　5. What would be the best title for the text?

　　A. The Joy of DIY

　　B. You Can Do It Too!

　　C. Welcome to Our DIY Course!

　　D. Ross and Hatfield: Believers in DIY

　　【答案解析】

　　1.【分析】这是一道细节题。从第二自然段John Ross的语言“...we just didn't have enough money”以及“…they are struggling to make a home at a time when the cost of living is very high.”意思是“他们钱太少，在物价高涨时‘安家’是非常困难的。”故本题正确答案为A。

　　2.【分析】本题也是一道细节题。从文章第二自然段的最后两句，可以看出B为正确答案。

　　3.【分析】这是一道句意理解题。文中有“He has a full-time job at home as well as in a shoe making factoty.一句，意思是”他不但在制鞋厂有专职工作而且在家里也得照顾孩子和做家务。”所以D为本题的正确答案。

　　4.【分析】这是一道细节题。从第三自然段中的“...he received a car repair bill for $420，'I was deeply upset….'”一句，可以看出A为正确答案。

　　5.【分析】本题属于概念中心题。从本文整体大意是“自己的事情可以自己做。”故B为正确答案。