2017届高考英语二轮复习训练：《名词》1

　　提能专训(一)　

　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空(名词)

　　1．You'd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future ________.(purpose, reference, progress, memory)

　　答案：reference　解析：句意：你最好记下那家餐馆的电话以便将来参考。for future reference是固定搭配，意为“以备将来参考”。

　　2．—Can I help you with it?

　　—I appreciate your ________， but I can manage it myself.(advice, question, offer, idea)

　　答案：offer　解析：根据句意“——我能帮你吗？——我很感谢你的提议，但是我自己能行。”可知选offer。offer意为“(愿为某人做某事的)提议”。

　　3．You are working too hard. You'd better keep a ________ between work and relaxation.(promise, lead, balance, diary)

　　答案：balance　解析：考查固定搭配。句意：你工作太努力了。你最好保持工作和放松之间的平衡。promise诺言；lead领先；balance平衡；diary日记。keep a balance为固定短语，意为“保持平衡”，符合句意。

　　4．Teachers have to constantly update their

　　knowledge in order to maintain their professional ________.(consequence, independence, competence, intelligence)

　　答案：competence　解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：教师要不断地更新他们的知识以维持他们的专业技能。consequence结果；independence独立；competence技能，技巧；intelligence智力，智慧。

　　5．Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000, a(n) ________ of 40,000 per year.(average, number, amount, quantity)

　　答案：average　解析：句意：去年考过驾照的学生人数达到了20万，平均每年4万。an average of意为“平均数”。

　　6．Most workers have heard the news that their products, with excellent quality and

　　delicate

　　skill,

　　are

　　enjoying growing ________ among the customers abroad.(favor, dignity, response, profit)

　　答案：favor　解析：考查名词辨析。句意：很多工人已经听说了这个消息：他们的产品由于质量好、做工精致，赢得了越来越多的国外客户的青睐。favor“偏爱，支持”，符合句意。dignity“尊贵，高尚”；response“反应，答复”；profit“利润”。

　　7．The factories are staying

　　open

　　all

　　weekend

　　to

　　try

　　to

　　meet

　　the customers'________ for this product.(principle, standard, pressure, demand)

　　答案：demand　解析：考查名词辨析。句意：这些工厂周末都在开工，以满足顾客对该产品的需求。meet one's demand for sth.表示“满足某人对某物的需求”。

　　8．The government will begin a series of ________

　　to help the public fully understand the new educational system.(applications, presentations, traditions, administrations)

　　答案：presentations　解析：考查名词辨析。句意：政府将开展一系列的发布会来帮助公众充分了解新的教育制度。application应用，运用；presentation发布会，展示会；tradition传统；administration管理。根据句意可知应选presentations。

　　9．The best way to undertake big projects is to force them into your________. Spare time doesn't appear from nowhere and you need to create it with efforts.(presentation, campaign, schedule, procedure)

　　答案：schedule　解析：考查名词辨析。句意：着手做大型项目的最佳办法是把这些项目挤进你的日程安排里，空余的时间是不会平白冒出来的，你得努力创造空余时间。根据空后的“Spare time”和句意可推断应选schedule，表示“日程安排，工作计划”。presentation陈述，颁发；campaign战役，运动；procedure程序，步骤。

　　10．—What did he do in return for free ________ and food offered by the kind couple?

　　—He helped their son with his lessons.(conservation, admission, accommodation, immigration)

　　答案：accommodation　解析：考查名词辨析。句意“——他做什么来回报那对好心的夫妇给他提供的免费食宿？——他给他们的儿子辅导功课。”conservation表示“保护，保存”；admission表示“承认，允许，入场费”；accommodation表示“住处”；immigration表示“移民”。根据句意可知应选accommodation。

　　11．He was faced with the________ of whether or not to return to his country after he got a PhD in America.(situation, circumstance, environment, dilemma)

　　答案：dilemma　解析：考查名词辨析。句意：他面临着在美国获得博士学位之后是否回国的两难境地。根据whether or not可知应选dilemma，意为“(进退两难的)窘境，困境”。

　　12．In recent years, many mainland residents have rushed to Hong Kong to buy baby milk powder due to their ________ about its quality.(anxiety, curiosity, generosity, attention)

　　答案：anxiety　解析：考查名词辨析。句意：近年来，许多大陆居民奔赴香港购买婴儿奶粉，因为他们担心奶粉的质量。anxiety意为“担心”，符合语境。curiosity意为“好奇”；generosity意为“慷慨”；attention意为“注意”，均与语境不符，故排除。

　　13．Finding information in today's world is easy. The ________ is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.(knowledge, ability, competition, challenge)

　　答案：challenge　解析：考查名词辨析。句意：当今世界找寻信息很容易，但困难的事是你如何辨别你所获得的信息是否有用。knowledge“知识”；ability“能力”；competition“竞赛”；challenge：“挑战；艰巨任务”。

　　14．The lead singer was ill and couldn't sing that night, and her ________ didn't perform

　　well,

　　which

　　made

　　the

　　audience disappointed.(attitude, substitute, institute, altitude)

　　答案：substitute　解析：考查名词辨析。句意：那天晚上主唱歌手生病了，无法演出，替代她的歌手表演得不好，这让观众很失望。attitude态度；substitute代替者；institute学院，研究所；altitude高度，海拔。根据句意可知应选substitute。

　　15．Mo Yan, a most widely­read writer, takes a complete new ________ to describing China's rural and folk culture.(way, approach, passage, entry)

　　答案：approach　解析：考查名词辨析。句意：莫言的作品被广泛阅读，他采用了全新的方法来描述中国的乡村民俗文化。an approach to为固定搭配，相当于a way of，意为“……的方法”；passage指人们行走的“通道，走廊”；entry意为“进入；进入权；入口处”。

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解(时事资讯类＋健康环保类)

　　A

　　(2017届高三大联考二)

　　A new report shows that 64 percent of Chinese millionaires have either migrated or plan to migrate abroad－taking their spending and fortunes with them. The United States is their favorite destination.

　　The report from Hurun, a wealth research firm that focuses on China, said that one­third of China's super rich－or those worth $ 16 million or more－have already migrated. The data show the massive numbers of rich Chinese taking their families and fortunes overseas. Previous studies show the main reasons rich Chinese are leaving is to pursue better educations for their kids, and to escape the pollution and overcrowding in urban China.

　　But analysts say there is another reason the Chinese rich are fleeing: to protect their fortunes. With the Chinese government starting the campaign against corruption, many of the Chinese rich－who made their money through some connection or favors from government－want to keep their money what is hard for the Chinese government to reach.

　　According to Wealth Insight, the Chinese wealthy now have about $658 billion stored in offshore assets(资产). Boston Consulting Group puts the number lower, at around

　　$ 450 billion, but says offshore investments are expected to double in the next three years.

　　The mass millionaire migration out of China is also hitting luxury companies hard. Hurun said China's luxury sales last year fell 15 percent－the biggest drop in over a half a decade. Spending on gifts, which made up a sizable portion of luxury sales, fell 25 percent. In other words, it isn't that wealthy buyers in China are spending less－they're just disappearing.

　　Most are looking for permanent residences, Hurun said. The United States was their top destination, which any real estate agent in San Francisco, Seattle or New York can confirm. Europe is their second favorite destination, followed by Canada, Australia, Singapore and Hong Kong.

　　1．Some Chinese millionaires migrate abroad ________.

　　A．because they intend to make fortunes in the new places

　　B．because they hope their kids will get better education

　　C．because they wish to invest their money wisely

　　D．because they do because other rich people do

　　2．What does the fourth paragraph imply?

　　A．The Chinese wealthy is on top of the world.

　　B．Boston Consulting Group welcomes the rich.

　　C．The rich will earn more than

　　$ 450 billion.

　　D．More millionaires will settle down abroad.

　　3．Which is the proper title for the passage?

　　A．Rich Chinese Continue to Flee China.

　　B．Most Wealthy Chinese Invest Abroad.

　　C．Rich Chinese Are Making a Hard Choice.

　　D．Chinese Government Will Take Measures.

　　答案：

　　1．B　解析：细节理解题。依据文章第二段可知，中国富豪移民的主要原因是为孩子追求更优质的教育，以及远离中国都市的污染和拥挤。故选B项。

　　2．D　解析：推理判断题。依据文章第四段的offshore investments are expected to double in the next three years可知，在接下来的3年中海外投资将翻倍。因此会有更多的富人移居海外。故选D项。

　　3．A　解析：主旨大意题。文中讲述了部分中国富豪带着资产移居国外的消息，因此选项A正确。

　　B

　　(2017·内蒙古包头市高三测试)

　　Hello! I'm Jan from Mrs. Lake's class. My class wants to work together to help the public. We think we have found a great way to do this. Last month we did a class project on the highways near our town. We learned about the Adopt­a­Highway Program. This program brings people together to pick up litter along the roads. We think it would be a great idea for all students in our school to join the program and adopt a highway.

　　Adopting a highway is not like adopting a pet. When a highway is adopted, only part of the highway is cared for by a group of people. The group agrees to work every week to keep its part of the highway clean. Each group gets its own sign that has the name of the group printed on it. The sign is put up at the side of the road. This sign lets drivers know who is keeping that area of the road clean.

　　The Adopt­a­Highway Program is a great way for people to help their environment look nicer. Also, the government does not have to send out as many road workers. This saves money. Finally, people may try harder to keep roads clean if they see people, especially teenagers like us, cleaning them up.

　　We will need helpers to care for our adopted highway. If you want to feel great and keep our roads clean, please come with your parents to the meeting next week. We will meet in Mrs. Lake's room on Wednesday at 6：00 P．M. At the meeting, we will talk about which roads are the dirtiest as a result of people's unkind acts. Then we'll try to pick an area to adopt and clean up.

　　I look forward to seeing you at the meeting. Remember to keep our roads clean!

　　4．What is the Adopt­a­Highway Program about?

　　A．Giving names to the highways.

　　B．Drawing pictures of highways.

　　C．Picking up litter along the roads.

　　D．Putting up signs near the roads.

　　5．What should the students do first if they want to join the program?

　　A．Pick a spot to care for.

　　B．Call Mrs. Lake next week.

　　C．Write a letter to their parents.

　　D．Go to a meeting on Wednesday.

　　6．What is the purpose of this speech?

　　A．To encourage students to join the program.

　　B．To introduce the traffic system.

　　C．To show drivers how to drive safely.

　　D．To tell a story about adopting a pet.

　　7．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Adopt­a­Pet

　　B．Adopt­a­Highway

　　C．Ways to Protect the Environment

　　D．Volunteers on Roads

　　答案：

　　【语篇解读】　本文属于说明文。你可能听过领养孩子、宠物。但你听过“领养”公路吗？本文介绍了一群青少年为保护公路环境，专门“领养”一段公路，去清理公路上的垃圾。

　　4．C　解析：细节理解题。难度较小。根据第一段中“This program brings people together to pick up litter along the roads.”可知，“领养公路”组织的主要任务就是组织人们清理公路上的垃圾。故选C。

　　5．D　解析：细节理解题。难度较小。根据倒数第二段可知，想加入组织的青少年应先和家长一起参加下周三在Mrs.Lake家举行的会议，会上将确定需要清理的路段，然后各组选择一段开始清理。故选D。

　　6．A　解析：写作意图题。难度中等。根据全文内容可推断出，本文主要的目的是号召更多的人加入到“领养公路”的活动中来。故选A。

　　7．B　解析：标题概括题。难度中等。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一项青少年参与的环保活动“Adopt­a­Highway”。因此B项做题目最合适。A项与文章无关；C项范围过大；D项偏离主题。

　　Ⅲ.完形填空(夹叙夹议文)

　　(2017·河北唐山高三模考)

　　I'd gone from a tiny village school with a total of 60 students to a huge school with thousands of pupils. I was a little fish in a very big __1__. I lived too much of my first year __2__

　　doing anything wrong. I just decided to be the wall flower when it __3__class discussion and answering questions. I was always the one that

　　__4__ didn't look the teachers in the eye __5__ they asked me to answer. I listened well, and __6__ everything in, but I always liked to be a spectator(旁观者). It's hard not to __7__ what others may think of you when you are speaking in front of many __8__. It did take long for me to feel __9__

　　with teachers and make friends with classmates.

　　Some people __10__ straight into a new learning environment. __11__， most are nervous and feel they don't fit in. It's completely

　　__12__， so it should not be a worry to you. Be __13__ and you will adapt to the new school. School life is __14__ you make of it. Some __15__ it; some love it.

　　But it's only when you leave that you can really appreciate how school __16__ you into the person you become.

　　It's so important to __17__ yourself out of your comfort zone.

　　If you're shy, tell yourself you'll raise your __18__at least once every lesson; if you're quick­minded, try to give other people a (n) __19__. In time, you will __20__ how much you loved it or hated it.

　　1. A. class

　　B. school

　　C. lake

　　D. house

　　2. A. in fear of

　　B. in favour of

　　C. in honor of

　　D. in danger of

　　3. A. got to

　　B. referred to

　　C. turned to

　　D. came to

　　4. A. sharply

　　B. purposely

　　C. hopelessly

　　D. searchingly

　　5. A. in case

　　B. so that

　　C. the moment

　　D. soon after

　　6. A. wrote

　　B. brought

　　C. took

　　D. got

　　7. A. doubt

　　B. apply

　　C. check

　　D. care

　　8. A. teachers

　　B. classmates

　　C. adults

　　D. friends

　　9. A. angry

　　B. popular

　　C. disappointed

　　D. comfortable

　　10. A. slide

　　B. fit

　　C. change

　　D. turn

　　11. A. Therefore

　　B. Moreover

　　C. However

　　D. Meanwhile

　　12. A. normal

　　B. strange

　　C. awkward

　　D. interesting

　　13. A. proud

　　B. practical

　　C. private

　　D. positive

　　14. A. what

　　B. how

　　C. which

　　D. when

　　15. A. like

　　B. ignore

　　C. accept

　　D. hate

　　16. A. forces

　　B. develops

　　C. places

　　D. teaches

　　17. A. push

　　B. take

　　C. kick

　　D. remove

　　18. A. voice

　　B. question

　　C. hand

　　D. head

　　19. A. answer

　　B. chance

　　C. hug

　　D. smile

　　20. A. forget

　　B. forgive

　　C. realize

　　D. remember

　　答案：

　　【语篇解读】　作者转学后花了很长时间才适应新的学习环境。作者在文中为那些要适应新的学习环境的人提供了建议。

　　1. C　解析：根据上文可知，作者从一所小的乡村学校转到一所大学校，所以作者将自己比作一个大湖里的小鱼，应选择C。

　　2. A　解析：根据下文的“I just decided to be the wall flower...”可知，到了新的环境，作者害怕出错，所以决定做局外人，应选择A。in fear of“害怕”；in favour of“支持”；in honor of“为向……表示敬意”；in danger of“处于……的危险中”。

　　3. D　解析：when it comes/came to...表示“当论及……的时候”，为固定结构。

　　4. B　解析：根据上一句可知，作者不想参与课堂讨论和回答问题，所以作者会故意避免与老师的目光接触，应选择B。sharply“急剧地”；purposely“故意地”；hopelessly“无望地”；searchingly“彻底地”。

　　5. A　解析：作者故意避免与老师的目光接触，以防老师提问他。in case“以防”；so that“以便”；the moment“一……就”；soon after“在……之后，不久”。

　　6. C　解析：根据上文的“I listened well”可知，作者听讲很认真，应是努力记住课堂上老师讲的一切东西。take in“领会，记住”。

　　7. D　解析：根据上文的“but I always liked to be a spectator(旁观者)”，并结合下文的“It did take long for me... make friends with classmates.”可知，在许多同班同学面前讲话而不在意别人的看法是很难的。doubt“怀疑”；apply“应用”；check“核实”；care“在意，在乎”。

　　8. B　解析：参见上题解析。

　　9. D　解析：作者花了很长时间才觉得与老师在一起很轻松。comfortable表示“舒服的，轻松的”。

　　10. B　解析：根据下文的“feel they don't fit in”可知，此处应指一些人能立即适应新的学习环境，故用fit。

　　11. C　解析：上文说一些人能很快适应新的学习环境，下文说大部分人会紧张，觉得不适应，前后为转折关系，因此选择C。therefore“因此”；moreover“此外”；however“然而”；meanwhile“与此同时”。

　　12. A　解析：根据下文的“so it should not be a worry to you”可知，感觉不适应是完全正常的，所以不必为此担心。normal“正常的”；strange“奇怪的”；awkward“笨拙的”；interesting“有趣的”。

　　13. D　解析：积极面对，你会适应新的学校。proud“自豪的”；practical“实用的”；private“私人的”；positive“积极的”。

　　14. A　解析：__14__ you make of it.为表语从句，因引导词在从句中作make的宾语，表示“什么”，所以用what。

　　15. D　解析：根据下文的“some love it”及最后一段最后一句的“how much you loved it or hated it”可知，应选择D。

　　16. B　解析：此处表示“学校如何使你变成现在的你”。force“强迫”；develop“使成长”；place“放置”；teach“教”。

　　17. A　解析：强迫自己走出自己的舒适区是很重要的。push sb.out of表示“把某人推出”。

　　18. C　解析：此处指每节课至少举手回答一次问题，因此选择C。

　　19. B　解析：如果你思维敏捷，尽量给别人一次机会。作者在此建议给别人回答问题的机会，而不是答案。

　　20. C　解析：此处指你最终会意识到你有多爱它或多恨它。forget“忘记”；forgive“原谅”；realize“意识到”；remember“记得”。

　　Ⅳ.语法填空

　　Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?

　　In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It __1__(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it __2__(actual) caught fire and burned.Now, years later，this river is one of __3__ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.

　　But the river wasn't changed in a few days __4__ even a few months.It took years of work __5__ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.Finally，that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is __6__(clean) than ever.

　　Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit __7__ is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or don't know how to control your credit card use.When you face such an impossible situation, don't you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?

　　While there are __8__ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the __9__ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be __10__ (patience)．

　　1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________

　　5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________

　　9．________　10.________

　　答案：1.was　2.actually　3.the　4.or　5.to reduce

　　6．cleaner　7.that/which　8.amazing　9.changes

　　10．patient