2017届高考英语一轮复习基础巩固学案：Unit 3《Powerful Music》（重大版必修1）

　　Ⅰ.重点单词识记 1．sign /saIn/ n．征兆；前兆 2．aim /eIm/ vi.瞄准 3．pause /pːz/ vi.犹豫；停顿 4．strike /straIk/ vt.打；敲打 5．gain /eIn/ vt.获得；赢得 6．style /staIl/ n．体裁；风格 7．aspect /æspekt/ n．方面 8．content /kɒntent/ n．内容 9．harmony /hɑːmənI/ n．协调 10．ordinary /ːdInərI/ adj.普通的；平凡的 11．lifestyle /laIfstaIl/ n．生活方式 12．remain /rImeIn/ vi./link v．仍是；保持 13．tradition /trədIʃn/ n．传统 14．represent /ˌreprIzent/ vt.代表；表示 15．talent /tælənt/ n．才能；才干 16．equal /iːkwəl/ adj.平等的→equality n．平等 17．power /paʊə/ n．力量→powerful adj.强大的；有力的 18．actually /æktʃʊəlI/ adv.实际上；事实上→actual adj.实际的；事实上的 19．calmly /kɑːmlI/ adv.平静地；沉着地→calm adj.平静的；沉着的 20．wonder /wʌndə/ n．惊异；不可思议→wonderful adj.令人惊奇的 21．commonly /kɒmənlI/ adv.通常地；一般地→common adj.普通的；常见的 22．concern /kənsɜːn/ n．/v.关心；挂念→concerned adj.担心的；挂念的→concerning prep.关于 23．create /krIeIt/ vt.创造；创作→creation n．创建；创造→creative adj.有创造力的；创造性的 .重点短语识记 1．point_sth._at...以某物瞄准/对着…… 2．look_around_(...)朝(……的)四周看 3．catch_sight_of...看见…… 4．aim_at...瞄准…… 5．give_way_to...为……所代替；让路 6．die_away渐渐消失 7．(be)_deep_in_thought沉思着 8．give_oneself_up_(to...)(向……)自首 9．remind...of...使……回想起/意识到…… 10．be_based_on...以……为基础 11．A_rather_than_BA而不是B 12．tend_to...倾向于…… 13．be_concerned_with参与；干预 .经典原句默写与背诵 1．Actually Cal’s father played the violin best in the area，but he didn’t answer，with_his_gun_still_aiming_at_David. 实际上，凯尔的父亲是这一带拉小提琴拉得最好的，但是他没有回答，依然用他那杆枪指着大卫。 2．David crossed the room and felt sweat on his forehead，but he took the violin from the wall as calmly as_if_he_were_a_welcome_visitor. 大卫穿过房间，他感到额头上冒出了汗，但他还是从容地从墙上取下了小提琴，就好像他是一位颇受欢迎的客人。 3．The next day，as_the_town_clock_struck_twelve，a bearded old man came up the street towards the police station. 第二天，当镇上的钟表敲响12点时，一位留着胡子的老人沿着街道朝着警察局走去。 4．Musically_speaking，country music has a simple style and is_relaxing_to_listen_to；this is why it is so popular. 从音乐的角度说，乡村音乐有着淳朴的风格，听起来很令人放松，这就是它流行的原因。 　 1．When shooting an arrow，one must aim at the target.(aim) 2．The artist had signed his name on the corner of the painting.(sign) 3．Patience and perseverance will do wonders.(wonder) 4．Passengers are reminded that no smoking is allowed on this train.(remind) 5．The foreigner managed to make himself understood with his broken Chinese.(break) 6．The books looked faded，dusty and unused.(dust) 　 1 come to/into power掌权；上台in one’s power在某人的掌控中do all in one’s power尽力而为She is said to have the power to foreseeing the future. 据说她有预测未来的能力。 She interviewed six women who have reached positions of great power and influence.她采访了6名身居高位，并且颇具影响力的女士。词义辨析　energy，power，force，strength (1)energy指物理上的“能量”，也指人生理上的“精力”，也可指“能源”。 (2)power多指比喻性的力气、精神力量，如“权力；本领”。 (3)force意为“力量”，侧重于外力，指“力”所产生的效果，也可指军事力量或强迫(暴)力。 (4)strength指固有的潜在力量。指人时，着重指力气；就物而言，着重指强度、潜力等。夯实基础用energy，power，force，strength的适当形式填空 (1)I have hardly enough strength left to move my feet. (2)Each year Americans consume a high percentage of the world’s energy. (3)If you drop something，the force of gravity will pull it to the floor. (4)Some animals have the power to see in the dark. (5)The general has the power to order forces，but his energy is limited and he doesn’t have the strength to stay up. 2 calm adj.镇静的，沉着的not excited，upset，etc.；风平浪静的；无风的；v.使平静，使镇静 calm sb.down使某人平静下来eep/be/stay calm保持镇静calm down平静镇静下来To be honest，it was Su’s fault，but Li was also to blame—they were not calm enough and both said some really mean things. 说实话，那是苏的错，但李也应受批评，因为他们都不够冷静，都说了一些刻薄的话。(2017·江苏·书面表达) 词义辨析　calm，quiet，silent，still (1)calm平静的，沉着的，指无风浪或人的心情不激动。 (2)quiet宁静的，安静的，指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑。 (3)silent寂静的，沉默的，指不说话或没有声音。 (4)still静止的，不动的，指(人体等)不运动的。夯实基础用calm，quiet，silent，still的适当形式填空 (1)Try to keep calm and just tell me what happened. (2)He spoke no English and was completely silent during the visit. (3)Children find it difficult to sit still for very long. (4)The airlines have invested enormous sums in new，quieter aircraft. 3 remain to be done有待去做remaining adj.剩余的remains n.剩余物；遗址the remainder剩余物The problems remain to be settled. 这几个问题尚待解决。 The remaining twenty patients were transferred to another hospital. 其余的20名病人被转到另一家医院去了。夯实基础用所给动词的适当形式填空 (1)It remains to_be_seen(see) whether she’ll be fit enough to play in the finals. (2)They were tidying up the remains(remain) of their picnic. (3)Ladies and gentlemen，please remain seated(seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop. 4 equal adj.相同的，相等的the same in...；平等的；相当的；能胜任的fit；capable；n.同等的人；相等物；v.与……相等，等于be the same in...；比得上；抵得过be as good as... be equal in在……方面比得上be equal to sth./doing sth.等于；与……相等；胜任……on equal terms在对等的条件下without equal/have no equal无与伦比He is a player without equal. 他是个无与伦比的运动员。 Though she is young，she has no equal in music. 尽管她很年轻，在音乐方面没有人能比得上她。夯实基础一句多译他能胜任这项工作。 (1)He_is_equal_to_the_job.(equal) (2)He_is_up_to_the_job.(up) (3)He_is_fit_for_the_job.(fit) (4)He_is_qualified_to_do_the_job.(qualified) Ⅰ.单项填空 1．I don’t think he is equal ________ this kind of work，so I can’t hire him. A．in doing B．doing C．to do D．to doing 答案　D 解析　be equal to doing...胜任……，为固定短语，其中to为介词。 2．Do keep ________ in an emergency，or things will get even worse. A．calm B．still C．quiet D．silent 答案　A 解析　句意为：在遇到紧急情况时一定要保持镇静，否则情况会更糟。keep calm保持镇静。 3．He was________when he climbed to the top of the mountain. A．lost in silence B．missing in wonder C．lost in thought D．lost in wonder 答案　D 解析　句意为：当他爬到山顶时，他惊呆了。lost in wonder惊呆了，符合句意。 4．The new government will come into ________ power next month. A．a B．an C．/ D．the 答案　C 解析　come into power当权，固定短语，因此选C项。 5．I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours for there are still some problems________. A．remaining to settle B．remaining to be settled C．remained to talk about D．to remain to discuss 答案　B 解析　remain是不及物动词，和problems之间是主动关系，故不用过去分词形式作定语，settle和problems之间为被动关系，故答案为B项。 .汉译英 1．另一方面，那只黑色铅笔却保持平静。(remain)(2017·北京·书面表达) The_black_pencil，on_the_other_hand，remains_calm. 2．我们分成了几个不同的小组，分别代表不同的国家，例如中国、日本、美国、英国。(represent) (2010·湖南·书面表达) We_divided_ourselves_into_different_groups_which_represented_different_countries，such_as_China，Japan，America，the_UK. 1．He is an explorer rather_than a sailor. 2．We may even catch_sight_of a polar bear on the ice. 3．The sound died_away and silence reigned(支配)． 4．What smells and sounds_remind you of him? 5．Sally tends_to interfere in other people’s business. 　 1 die down逐渐减弱；平息；暗淡die out灭绝；死光；消失die off先后死去，相继死去die of/from因……死亡，死于……The sound of their laughter died away. 他们的笑声渐渐消失了。夯实基础用适当的介、副词填空 (1)The strange noise died away and a frightening silence closed in upon us. (2)Don’t worry，the gossip(流言) will soon die down. (3)The moth’s habitat is being destroyed and it has nearly died out. (4)The cabbages in the field are dying off for an unknown reason. 2 would rather do...than do...＝ would do...rather than do...宁愿做……而不愿做……would rather＋从句，宁愿……从句中用一般过去时表示与现在、将来事实相反的虚拟，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反的假设prefer to do...rather than do...宁愿做……而不愿做……other than除了……以外,or rather更确切地说She would rather die than give a speech. 她宁愿死也不愿意演讲。夯实基础用所给动词的适当形式填空 (1)The boy prefers to_play(play) rather than study_(study)． (2)I would rather you came_(come) tomorrow. (3)Rather than allow_(allow) the apples to go bad，he sold them at reduced prices. (4)I would rather you had_told(told) me the truth yesterday. Ⅰ.单项填空 1．Catching ________ sight of two policemen coming，the thief swiftly went out of ________ sight. A．the；/ B．/；the C．the；the D．/；/ 答案　D 解析　考查固定短语：catch sight of，out of sight。 2．It took a long time for the excitement to ______. A．die out B．die off C．die down D．die away 答案　C 解析　此处die down指人的兴奋、激动情绪渐渐平息下来。 3．—You seemed to have been impressed by his songs. —Well，not exactly so.It was his way of singing ________ his voice that really impressed me. A．rather than B．other than C．together with D．but also 答案　A 解析　答句句意为：……是他的演唱方式而不是他的嗓音让我印象深刻。rather than而不是，符合句意。other than除了……之外；together with和……一起；but also而且。 4．He is known ________ his being on time，so we don’t know the reason ________his being late this time. A．for；of B．as；for C．for；for D．of；of 答案　C 解析　句意为：他因守时而出名，因此我们不知道他这次迟到的原因。be known for以……而知名；the reason for...……的原因。故选C项。 .汉译英我们应该严格并自觉地遵守交通规则，做到红灯停，而不是一味地抱怨交通堵塞。(rather than)(2017·江苏·书面表达) We_should_strictly_and_voluntarily_follow_traffic_rules，stopping_at_the_red_light_rather_than_complaining_about_traffic_jams. 　 用适当的关系词填空 (1)The lady who/that is speaking is our Chinese teacher. (2)Who is the girl that is speaking there? (3)There is an old man who wants to see you. (4)The computer whose CPU doesn’t work has to be repaired. (5)She is the girl who/whom I will go to Shanghai with. 1 ...but he didn’t answer，with his gun still aiming at David.……但是他没有回答，依然用他那杆枪指着大卫。 with his gun still aiming at David为“with＋复合宾语”作状语。 “with复合结构”在句中多作状语，也可以作定语。常见的结构有：1with＋宾语＋doing2with＋宾语＋done3with＋宾语＋adj.4with＋宾语＋adv.5with＋宾语＋to do6with＋宾语＋介词短语He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣躺在床上。夯实基础用所给动词的适当形式填空 (1)With winter coming(come) on，it’s time to buy warm clothes. (2)With all the things she needed bought_(buy)，she went home happily. (3)With nothing to_do(do)，Tom sleeps at home. 2 What/How about...？是常用句型，多用于征求意见。介词about后可接名词、代词、动名词动名词前可加名词或物主代词作动名词短语的逻辑主语。征求对方对某事或某人的看法时还可用下列句型：1What do you think of...？询问某人或某物稳定的特点或某人的相貌、性格。2How do you like/find...？询问容易变化的特征，如天气、旅途或电影、电视、比赛等。3What is/are...like？询问天气或某人、某物的外表特征。How about going for a walk? 去散步好吗？ What’s the weather like in London? 伦敦的天气怎么样？夯实基础 How about the_two_of_us_taking_a_walk(我们两个散步) down the garden? Ⅰ.单项填空 1．You have no idea how she finished the relay race ________ her foot wounded so much. A．for B．when C．with D．while 答案　C 解析　考查with复合宾语。 2．—Tom，did Mr. Li join you in your discussion?—No，he________，but he happened to have fallen ill. A．would like to B．will C．was to have D．was going to join 答案　C 解析　句意为：——汤姆，李先生参加你们的讨论了吗？——没有，他本打算参加的，但是他碰巧生病了。A项应为would like to have；D项应为was going to；B项时态不对。 3．The lazy boy is expecting a way________he can get through the exams without hard work. A．that B．in that C．which D．where 答案　A 解析　句意为：那个懒惰的男孩正在期盼一种不用努力学习就能通过考试的方法。先行词是作“方式、方法”讲的way，且关系词在从句中作状语，故用that或in which引导，也可省略。 .汉译英美丽的月亮挂在夜空中，我们坐在一起吃着月饼和水果，分享着彼此的故事。(with复合结构)(2017·辽宁·书面表达) With_the_beautiful_moon_up_in_the_sky，we_sit_together_and_eat_moon_cakes_and_fruit，sharing_our_stories. 　 1．If what your friend comes up with surprises you，don’t reject it immediately.________，imagine that it is true.(2017·浙江，18) A．Thus B．Besides C．Rather D．Otherwise 答案　C 解析　rather表示“相反”，即“先不要拒绝，相反把它想像成是真的”。thus因此；besides除此之外还有；otherwise否则，均不合题意。故此题选C项。 2．Happiness and success often come to those________are good at recognizing their own strengths.(2017·湖南，21) 　 A．whom B．who C．what D．which 答案　B 解析　考查定语从句的用法。句意为：快乐和成功总是会眷顾那些善于认清自己的优点和特长的人。分析句子成分后可知，“________are good at recognizing their own strengths”是定语从句修饰先行词those，从句中缺少主语，所以用who引导。故答案选B项。 3．Finally he reached a lonely island________was completely cut off from the outside world.(2017·山东，35) A．when B．where C．which D．whom 答案　C 解析　考查定语从句。根据句子结构分析，后面为定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以答案只能选C项。 4．Anyone，whether he is an official or a bus driver，should be ________ respected.(2017·福建，27) A．especially B．equally C．naturally D．normally 答案　B 解析　especially尤其，特别；equally平等地，同样地；naturally自然地；normally正常地。由句意“任何人，不管他是一名官员还是一名公共汽车司机，都应该受到同样的尊敬”可知答案为B项。 5．In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained________abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.(2010·福建，34) A．sticking B．stuck C．to be stuck D．to have stuck 答案　B 解析　句意为：四月份，由于火山灰云的影响，成千上万的度假者滞留在海外。空格处用过去分词stuck表示“被卡住”，引申为“滞留”，符合句意；现在分词表示动作正在进行；动词不定式表示将要发生的动作，不符合句意。 6．The palace caught fire three times in the last century，and little of the original building________now.(2010·重庆，29) A．remains B．is remained C．is remaining D．has been remained 答案　A 解析　句意为：这座宫殿在上个世纪发生过三次火灾，其最初的建筑现在几乎所剩无几。首先remain为系动词，没有被动语态形式，排除B、D两项；remain一般不用于进行时态，故选A项。 7．The form cannot be signed by anyone ________ yourself.(2011·新课标全国，30) A．rather than B．other than C．more than D．better than 答案　B 解析　句意为：这张表格除了你，任何人都不能在上面签字。rather than而不是；other than除……之外；more than多于，不仅仅是；better than优于，比……好。 8．Tired，Jim was fast asleep with his back________a big tree.(2010·四川，5) A．in B．below C．beside D．against 答案　D 解析　考查with复合结构。句意为：累坏了，吉姆背靠着一棵大树，酣睡着。in在……里面；below在……下面；beside在……旁边；against顶着，倚着，反对。由句意知D项符合。 　 .单项填空 1．I suggested not only ________ to the meeting but also he should give a speech there. A．did he go B．his going C．should he go D．he should go 答案　C 解析　考查倒装句。句意为：我建议他不但要参加这次会议，而且还要在那做报告。not only...but also...引导两个并列句子时，not only引导的句子要倒装。再根据前面主句是“I suggested...”可知选C项。 2．A poem written by an American poet is usually harder to understand than ________ by a Chinese poet. A．that B．it C．which D．one 答案　D 解析　句意为：一首由美国诗人写的诗往往比中国诗人写的难懂。one表示泛指，指代上文提到的同类事物a poem。 3．As some experts say，shopping by television will never take ________ place of shopping in stores，because many people find shopping at a store is ________ great enjoyment.A．/；a B．the；a C．a；the D．a；/ 答案　B 解析　take the place of代替……。第二空后的enjoyment指的是具体的一件事，所以要用a来修饰。 4．—Will you take these shoes? —No，they don’t fit me.Show me ________. A．another B．any others C．the other D．some others 答案　D 解析　句意为：——你买这些鞋子吗？——不，他们不适合我，给我拿一些其他的看看。some一些，几个；表示另一部分(并非全部)，用others，故选D项。 5．Of the making of good books there is no end；neither ________ any end to their influence on man’s lives. A．there is B．there are C．is there D．are there 答案　C 解析　neither等否定词放于句首时，句子要用部分倒装，而end为抽象名词，谓语动词应用单数形式。 6．________ by the heavy snowfalls，Chenzhou，a city in South China，was cut off from the outside，________ water and electricity shortage. A．Having struck；facing B．Having struck；faced C．Struck；facing D．Struck；faced 答案　C 解析　由句意可知，郴州市受到了暴雪袭击，因此应用strike的被动形式struck，排除A、B两项；它还面临水电短缺，face与Chenzhou是主谓关系，应用现在分词facing。若选D项，faced后应加with。 7．________ mainly for the invention of the telephone，Alexander Graham Bell devoted his life to helping the deaf. A．Remembered B．To be remembered C．Having been remembered D．Though remembered 答案　D 解析　考查状语从句中的省略。Though remembered...＝Though Bell was remembered...。 8．A harmonious society is like a symphony orchestra—each person contributes a small sound，but when ________ with other sounds，it becomes beautiful music. A．combining B．being combined C．combined D．to be combined 答案　C 解析　考查非谓语动词。当状语中的主语与句子中的主语保持一致且主语后有be动词时，可以省略状语中的主语和be动词，补全应为状语从句when it is combined，故选C项。 9．Some of you have finished Book One.________，you can go on with Book Two. A．If you may B．If you do C．If not D．If so 答案　D 解析　句意为：你们当中的一些人可能已经完成了第一本书，如果这样的话，你们可以继续进行第二本书。if so如果这样的话，so指代前面一句的内容。 10．—Our team is going to play with the Rocket.I’m sure we will win. —________. A．Congratulations B．Cheer up C．Go ahead D．Good luck 答案　D 解析　good luck好运，是对别人的祝福，符合句意。congratulations祝贺；cheer up振作点，高兴点；go ahead干吧，开始吧。 .阅读理解 It’s nothing new that you can find many files or services you can download or use from the Internet.The question is：is downloading legal or not？In most cases the answer is negative，because sharing and downloading are illegal.Of course，you can find files for legal downloading，but you have to pay for them. It seems innocent if you click on the download mark，but it isn’t.It should be compared with stealing in a store.Would you steal a magazine，an mp3 player or a car？Downloading from the Internet is a theft，and sharing files，once you have stolen them，only makes it worse.For example，if everybody only downloaded，movies wouldn’t make money and the studios wouldn’t invest millions of dollars to make new ones. Many people may think it better，easier and cheaper to do downloading.I think，that is the main reason why Internet users prefer sharing something to buying them.In the modern world we love convenience and what could be more convenient than getting music，films and games without having to leave your house？You don’t need to pay for what you get，there is no registration，and you don’t have to wait until the shops open or the CD/DVD you want is posted to you.However，you could be in big trouble if you are caught.You could go to prison as a result of acting unlawfully，but so far only a tiny amount of people have been charged for downloading illegally.The majority of people who download illegally，and use the files for their personal use，will not get into trouble.And that’s why it’s important for people to understand what the long­term consequences are if they don’t want to pay for their music，films and TV.Will film and music companies still spend millions of pounds every year if they have no chance of making a profit？The answer is plainly “no”． Finally I would like to say that the Internet offers a lot of services for money，but people will always try to get them for free.To summarize my thoughts I’d like to highlight that illegal downloading is both unfair towards producers and dangerous for those who practise this kind of activity.You have to decide whether to buy or download. 1．What is the writer’s purpose in writing this text? A．He advises readers to choose legal files for downloading. B．He asks readers to limit the amount of free downloading. C．He wants to make it clear that downloading for free is against the law. D．He tells readers how to avoid being charged for free downloading. 答案　C 解析　写作意图题。通过本篇文章可以看出作者强烈反对随意无偿地从网上下载东西，认为这种行为和在商场偷窃本质上是一样的，提示读者这种行为是要负法律责任的。 2．Many people download for free from the Internet because ________. A．they follow others’ examples to do such things B．they don’t think they may be charged by the producer C．they think everything on the Net can be shared by others D．they don’t think it is against the law but convenient and easy 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“It seems innocent...”第三段第一句“Many people may think it better，easier and cheaper to do downloading.”和第六句“...but so far only a tiny amount of people have been charged for downloading illegally.”可知，人们认为无偿下载便利、简单，而且并不认为是违法的。 3．In order not to break the law，when downloading something from the Internet，we’d better ________. A．inform the producer B．pay for it C．do it secretly D．study the law carefully 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。作者认为无偿下载是违法的，那么想不违法，下载东西时最好付费。 4．What does the underlined word “highlight” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Stress. B．Explain. C．Admit. D．Deny. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。作者通篇论述的都是反对无偿下载，说明了无偿下载盛行的原因和可能产生的后果，最后归纳总结，应该进一步申明自己的观点，因此highlight是“强调”的意思。文章中的2个阅读障碍句分析 1．And that’s why it’s important for people to understand what the long­term consequences are if they don’t want to pay for their music，films and TV.(Paragraph 3) 句式分析：该句中why引导了一个表语从句；what引导了一个宾语从句；if引导了一个条件状语从句。自主翻译：那就是为什么对于人们来说明白如果他们不想花钱听音乐，看电影或电视会产生什么长期后果是很重要的。 2．To summarize my thoughts I’d like to highlight that illegal downloading is both unfair towards producers and dangerous for those who practise this kind of activity.(Paragraph 4) 句式分析：该句中that引导了一个宾语从句；who引导了一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词those。自主翻译：总结一下我的想法，我想强调的是非法下载不仅对制作者不公平而且对进行这种活动的人也是有危险的。 .写作一请结合材料，按要求用英文写作。 The Chinese government has published a new law.According to the law，schools should make sure that students have at least one hour of physical exercise at school each day. 要求：(1)就此材料发表你的看法； (2)紧扣材料，有明确的观点； (3)词数不少于60。参考范文 I think it is a wise policy.First，there are so many subjects being studied and to be studied.We students have no time to do exercise.And our physical condition is becoming worse and worse.One hour of physical exercise each day at school is necessary for us as it strengthens our body and makes our mind fresh，therefore we can be better engaged in the classes，and achieve more success in studies.Second，I think schools and we students must give a positive response to government’s proposal to improve our physical condition.All of us must take an active part in it.