2017届湖北专版高考英语一轮复习讲义：Unit2《Robots》（新人教版）选修7（课前基础导练+课堂互动探究+课后知能提升）

　　Unit 2　Robots

　　晨背三部曲（时态、语态多样化）

　　经典佳句　

　　1．该学习顾问每周工作4个小时。

　　The advisor is expected to work 4 hours per week.

　　2．李越因为班级所做的一切被评为“每周之星”。

　　Li Yue has been awarded the title of “Star Student of the Week” for what she did for our class.

　　3．你亲自种植的树长得很好，全班同学决定叫它“Sue Wood”。

　　The tree you planted yourself is growing well, and the whole class decided to name it Sue Wood.

　　4．最近网上做了一项关于“当我们生活或者学习中遇到麻烦时，我们青少年应该向谁寻求帮助”的调查。

　　A survey was recently held on the Internet about who we teenagers will turn to when we meet troubles in our life or study.

　　用提示词的正确形式填空

　　1．My uncle will_never_forget (never forget)what_happened (happen)

　　to him yesterday.

　　2．Worse still, he was_fined (fine) by the police.How he regretted what he had_done(do)!

　　3．The book has_been(be) popular since it was firstly published.

　　Ⅰ.词海拾贝

　　基础记忆

　　1．desire n．渴望；欲望；渴求vt.

　　希望得到；想要

　　2．affair n.

　　事务；事情；暧昧关系

　　3．envy vt.

　　忌妒；羡慕

　　4．bound adj.

　　一定的；密切相关的

　　5．staff n.

　　全体员工；手杖

　　6．junior adj.

　　较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的n.

　　年少者；晚辈；等级较低者

　　7．divorce n.

　　离婚；断绝关系vt.

　　与……离婚；与……脱离

　　8．obey vt.& vi.

　　服从；顺从

　　9．satisfaction n．满意；满足；令人满意的事物→satisfy

　　vt.使满足；使满意→satisfying & satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfied adj.满意的

　　10．alarm vt.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动 n．警报；惊恐→alarmed

　　adj.担心的；害怕的

　　11．sympathy n．同情(心)→sympathetic adj.同情的

　　12．favour n．喜爱；恩惠 vt.喜爱；偏袒→favourable

　　adj.赞成的；有利的→favourite

　　adj.最喜爱的

　　13．accompany vt.陪伴；伴奏→company n．陪伴；伴随→companion n．伙伴；伴侣；同伴

　　14．declare vt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称→declaration n．宣言；公布

　　15．talent n．天才；特殊能力；才干→talented

　　adj.有才气的；有才能的

　　语境记忆

　　16．To the satisfaction of the boss, his products could satisfy the need of the customers.(satisfaction)

　　17．The talented singer was popular with his fans

　　because of his talent.(talent)

　　18．The old blind man asked me to do him a favour and find his favourite book.(favour)

　　篇章记忆

　　You are bound to accompany him and never leave him alone. We know you are sympathetic. Would you do him a favour to meet his satisfaction, which is his desire?

　　Ⅱ.短语互译

　　1.试验；考验test_out

　　2．给……打电话

　　ring_up

　　3．转向；回转

　　turn_around

　　4．不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起leave_..._alone

　　5．将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间) set_aside

　　6．一共；总计

　　in_all

　　7．be bound to

　　一定做……

　　8．take sth. seriously

　　认真对待某事

　　9．be pleased with ...

　　对……感到满意

　　10．prevent sb.(from) doing sth.

　　阻止某人做某事

　　11．search for

　　寻找；搜寻

　　12．compare ... with/to ...

　　把……和……进行比较

　　Ⅲ.句型一览

　　1.more ... than ... 与其(说)……倒不如(说)……

　　His name was Tony and he seemed more_like_a_human_than_a_machine (与其说像一台机器，倒不如说更像人)．

　　2．代词作同位语

　　She wasn't like Gladys Claffern, one_of_the_richest_and_most_powerful_women_around (一位远近闻名的有钱有势的女人)．

　　3．there be/seems/stands ... 倒装句

　　As she turned around, there_stood (站在那儿) Gladys Claffern.

　　4．have sb./sth. doing 容忍/允许某人/某物做某事

　　But even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be rebuilt — you cannot have_women_falling_in_love_with_machines (允许女人与机器相爱)．

　　5．as if从句中的虚拟语气

　　Use a clear simple style as_if_you_were_writing_to_younger_students (好像你正在给年龄更小的学生们写信) in your school.

　　Ⅳ.语法自测——被动语态[Ⅰ](含动词不定式)

　　完成句子

　　1．He is going to Shanghai on business next week.Do you have anything to_be_bought？(buy)

　　他下周要到上海出差。你有东西要买吗？

　　2．Up to now no conclusion has_been_reached about who the first prize should go to in the Talent Competition in our school.(reach)

　　我校才艺大赛的一等奖该给谁到目前为止还没有定论。

　　3．Have you got ready for the coming job interview to_be_given/that_(which)_will_be_given by KFC next week？(give)

　　你为下周KFC提供的求职面试做好准备了吗？

　　4．I have to turn to my teacher for help, because this math problem is_rather/very_difficult_to_work_out.(work)

　　我得向老师求助因为这道数学题太难做出来了。

　　1.desire n．渴望；欲望；渴求vt.希望得到；想要

　　(1)have/feel a strong desire

　　satisfy one's desire 满足某人的愿望

　　(2)desire to do sth.

　　渴望做某事

　　desire sb.to do sth.

　　想要某人做某事

　　desire that ... (should) do sth.

　　渴望……

　　①The desire to be connected has brought solitude to an end as we've known it.(2017·江苏完形)

　　因为我们已经了解，所以被联系的渴望结束了独处。

　　②He has a desire for success though he has failed many times.

　　尽管他失败了多次，但是他仍然渴望成功。

　　③Pets satisfy man's desire to care for a bit of nature.(2017·陕西阅读第二节)

　　宠物满足了人类关爱自然的愿望。

　　【对点练习】

　　.用所给动词的适当形式填空

　　They desired him to_clear (clear) the place.

　　②He expressed a desire that the pollution(should)be_stopped (stop)．

　　.一句多译

　　我们班的每个学生都渴望上名牌大学。

　　－1 Each student in our class has_a_strong_desire_to go to a famous university.(desire n．)

　　③－2 Each student in our class desires_to go to a famous university.(desire v．)

　　2.favour n．喜爱；恩惠；帮忙；优惠 vt.喜爱；偏袒

　　(1)ask sb.a favour ＝ ask a favour of sb.

　　　请某人帮忙

　　do sb.a favour ＝ do a favour for sb.

　　帮某人一个忙

　　owe sb.a favour

　　欠……的人情

　　(2)in favour of

　　同意；支持；优先选择

　　in one's favour

　　有利于某人

　　①Excuse me？May I ask a favour of you?

　　打扰了，请您帮个忙行吗？

　　②The decision went in his favour.

　　这一判决对他有利。

　　【对点练习】

　　用favour的相关短语完成下列句子

　　①我欠他一个人情，所以无法拒绝。

　　I owed_him_a_favour,_so I couldn't say no.

　　②他们大部分人赞成我的观点，而戴维反对。

　　Most of them were in_favour_of my opinion while David was against it.

　　③我给您写信想请您帮我个忙。(2017·新课标卷Ⅱ书面表达)

　　I'm writing to ask you to do_me_a_favour.

　　3.accompany vt.陪伴；伴奏；附有；配有

　　(1) accompany sb.to sp. 陪伴/陪同某人到某地

　　accompany sb.at/on sth.

　　用某物为某人伴奏

　　be accompanied by

　　由……伴奏/伴随

　　(2) companion n.

　　同伴；伙伴

　　company n.

　　陪伴；交往；公司；商号

　　keep sb.company

　　陪伴某人

　　My neighbor came to accompany me/keep me company while my parents were out.

　　我邻居在我父母外出时过来陪我。

　　②The singer was accompanied on the piano by her sister.

　　女歌手由她姐姐钢琴伴奏。

　　③Thunders accompanied by heavy rain in this season are very common.

　　这个季节，雷鸣常常伴有大雨。

　　【关键一点】　一般不使用accompany sb.to do sth.表示“陪伴某人做某事”。

　　【对点练习】

　　用company的适当形式完成小片段

　　如果没有同伴，14岁以下儿童必须有成人陪伴。如果您想了解更多的信息，请查阅所附的小册子。

　　If they have no companion,_children under 14 must be accompanied by an adult. If you want to learn about more information, please consult the accompanying booklet for instructions.

　　4.declare vt.宣布；声明；表明；宣称

　　　①Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional (情感的) attitudes.(2017·辽宁阅读C)

　　有些科学家声称我们大部分的疲劳来自精神和情感的态度。

　　(1)declare sb./sth. to be

　　宣布、表明某人或某事……

　　declare for/against

　　表示赞成/反对……

　　declare war (on/against)

　　(向……)宣战

　　declare sth. open/closed

　　宣布……开始/结束

　　(2)declaration n.

　　宣布；声明；宣言

　　The accused man was declared (to be) innocent by the court.

　　法庭宣布被告无罪。

　　③The chairman declared the ceremony open; all of us present cheered.

　　主席宣布仪式开幕时，我们在场的所有人都欢呼雀跃。

　　【个性比较】　announce, declare

　　announce 指正式地“公开；发表；宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指资讯之类的消息

　　declare 指正式地、明确地向公众“宣布；宣告；声明”，侧重“当众”发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判等

　　【对点练习】

　　选词填空(announce/declare)

　　①We have time and time again declared that we will never be the first to use nuclear weapons.

　　②It was announced that there would be a celebration on Sunday.

　　5.envy vt.& n．忌妒；羡慕

　　(1)envy sb.(doing) sth.

　　妒忌或羡慕某人(做)某事

　　(2)feel envy at ...

　　对……忌妒

　　out of envy

　　出于忌妒

　　become/be the envy of ...

　　成为/是……妒忌或羡慕的对象

　　with envy

　　忌妒地；羡慕地

　　①I don't envy you your journey in this bad weather.

　　我并不羡慕你在这种坏天气去旅行。

　　②A fashionable mobile phone is the envy of all students.

　　一部时髦的手机是所有学生所羡慕的东西。

　　【对点练习】

　　介、副词填空

　　①When Mary appeared on the stage, they looked at her with envy.

　　②Never get angry！What she said was just out_of envy.

　　③Many students feel envy at his achievements.

　　6.leave ... alone不管；别惹；让……一个人待着；和……单独在一起

　　①Leave that ornament alone; you might break it.

　　别动那件装饰品，你会弄坏它的。

　　leave behind　比……取得好得多的进展；把……抛在后面；超过

　　leave aside

　　搁置一边

　　leave for ...

　　动身去……

　　leave off

　　停止

　　leave out

　　省略；遗漏

　　leave over

　　留下；剩下

　　②She was so ill that she had to leave off work.

　　她病得很厉害，必须停止工作。

　　③He was asked to leave for another city in 24 hours.

　　他被要求24小时内动身前往另一个城市。

　　【对点练习】

　　用leave 的相关短语填空

　　①What's your opinion, leaving_aside the question of expense?

　　②Just leave me alone and let me sleep.

　　③You'll have to put in some extra work if you don't want to get left_behind.

　　④Make sure that you've not left_out anything in your report.

　　①satisfaction n．　满意；满足；令人满意的事物

　　with satisfaction

　　满意地

　　②staff n.

　　全体员工；手杖

　　staff作“全体员工”讲，单复数同形；作主语时，若被看作整体，其谓语动词用单数；若被看作个体，谓语动词用复数。

　　③junior

　　adj.

　　较年幼的；资历较浅的；地位较低的

　　n.

　　年少者；晚辈；等级较低者

　　junior通常与to连用，而不与than连用。

　　④set aside

　　将……放在一边；为……节省或保留(钱或时间)

　　【对点练习】

　　结合上述词汇完成下列句子

　　①买完想要的东西，她满意地离开了超市。

　　Having bought what she wanted, she left the supermarket with_satisfaction.

　　②我们公司所有的员工都在考虑去市里看时装表演。

　　All_the_staff in our company are considering going to the city centre for the fashion show.

　　③他比我小两岁。

　　He is_junior_to me by two years.

　　④爱因斯坦如此喜欢玻色的论文以至于他抛开自己的工作把它翻译成德语。

　　Einstein liked Bose's paper so much that_he_set_aside_his_own_work and translated it into German.

　　She wasn't like Gladys Claffern, one_of_the_richest_and_most_powerful_women_around.

　　她跟格拉迪丝·克拉芬不一样，格拉迪丝是一位远近闻名的有钱有势的女人。

　　【句型透视】本句中one of the richest and most powerful women around在句中作同位语，对Gladys Claffern作进一步解释和说明。

　　(1)名词、代词作同位语

　　Miss Wang, our new teacher, is very kind to us.

　　新来的王老师对我们很好。

　　(2)不定式、动名词作同位语

　　The young man tried to achieve his aim — entering the key university.

　　这个年轻人想实现他的目标——进入重点大学。

　　(3)从句作同位语

　　同位语从句通常跟在某些抽象名词(fact, plan, view, idea, belief, opinion, possibility, thought等)后，用来说明所修饰词的内容。常用句型：

　　The fact that ... is ... 　……的事实是……

　　I have a dream that ...

　　我有一个……的梦想

　　We hold this truth to be self­evident that ...

　　……是不言而喻的事实

　　Some people hold the opinion that ...

　　一些人持有……的观点The truth that

　　so many people suffer from cancer is terrifying for us all.

　　如此多的人都患上癌症的事实对于我们所有人来说是可怕的。

　　【对点练习】

　　用同位语(从句)完成下列句子

　　①上海——中国最大的城市之一，是非常发达的城市。

　　Shanghai, one_of_the_biggest_cities_in_China,_is most developed.

　　②他有重建这座老房子的计划。

　　He has a plan to_rebuild_this_old_house.

　　③人类已经登上月球的事实是真实的。

　　The fact that_man_has_landed_on_the_moon is true.

　　Ⅰ.单词拼写

　　1．The president appeared, accompanied (陪伴) by six strong bodyguards.

　　2．He won the sympathy (同情) of passers­by by describing his miserable childhood.

　　3．The young soldier was punished for disobeying (违抗) orders.

　　4．It's commanded that all the staff (全体员工) in the company wear uniform on Mondays.

　　5．John's sister is three years junior (较年幼的) to him.

　　6．He was right in his assessment (评价) and wrong in his prediction.

　　7．John has a strong desire (渴望) to become a writer of the science fiction.

　　8．Her elegant (优雅的) style sets her apart from other journalists.

　　9．His mother believes what he achieves in the future will make others admire and envy (嫉妒) him.

　　10．As a young man, we should have the courage to declare (宣布) war on the customs.

　　Ⅱ.选词填空

　　1．It was announced that the new library which is under construction would be opened to the public next year.

　　2．His father isn't in_favour_of his thought while his mother always accompanies him to the bookstore.

　　3．Do your parents often ring_up to ask your recent progress?

　　4．Leaving the expense aside,_do we actually need a second car?

　　5．If I become poor because of laziness, they won't feel_sympathy_for me.

　　6．Owing to his hard work, his classmates all think John is_bound_to succeed.

　　Ⅲ.根据汉语提示，选用练习Ⅰ、Ⅱ中的句子，加入适当过渡词后联句成篇

　　1．约翰极其渴望成为一名科幻小说的作家。

　　2．爸爸不支持他的想法。

　　3．妈妈却经常陪他去书店，相信他将来取得的成绩会让别人都羡慕和嫉妒。

　　4．约翰的妹妹比他小三岁，经常打电话询问他的进展情况。

　　5．由于他的努力，同学们都认为约翰一定会成功。

　　John has a strong desire to become a writer of the science fiction. However, his father isn't in favour of his thought while his mother, who believes what he achieves in the future will make others admire and envy him, always accompanies him to the bookstore. John's sister, who is three years junior to him, often rings up to ask his progress. Owing to his hard work, his classmates all think John is bound to succeed.

　　Ⅰ.多项选择

　　1．Many foreign friends were very excited when Shenzhou Ⅹ lifted off at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Gansu Province on June 11th, 2017, ________ we Chinese people.

　　A．leave aloneB．let alone

　　C．leave out

　　D．leave off

　　解析：选B　句意：2017年6月11日，当神舟十号在甘肃省酒泉卫星发射中心离地升空的时候，许多外国朋友都感到非常兴奋，更不用说我们中国人了。let alone“更不用说”，符合句意。leave alone “不管；别惹；让一个待着”；leave out“漏掉；省略；忽视”；leave off“停止；中断”。

　　2．When chatting on the Internet by typing in English, you can ________ articles, subjects, etc.to make the sentences shorter.

　　A．get off

　　B．leave out

　　C．turn in

　　D．make up

　　解析：选B　句意：当在网上用英语打字聊天时，你可以省略冠词、主语等，以使句子更短。leave out“省略”，符合句意。get off“出发；下班”；turn in“上交”；make up“组成；化妆”。

　　3．(2017·荆州高三质检)Xi Jinping met Putin in Beijing to ________ views on the development of the strategic relations of cooperation and partnership between China and Russia.

　　A．exchange

　　B．declare

　　C．change

　　D．express

　　解析：选A　句意：习近平与普京在北京会晤，双方就发展中国与俄罗斯之间的战略合作伙伴关系方面交换了意见。exchange“交流；交换”；declare“宣称；声明”；change“改变”；express“表达；表示”。根据句意选A。

　　4．Recently, many parents choose to rent a house near schools and ________ their children during their school years.

　　A．inspire

　　B．recognize

　　C．protect

　　D．accompany

　　解析：选D　句意：最近，许多家长在学校附近选租一所房子，在他们的孩子上学期间陪伴孩子们。inspire “激励”；recognize“辨认出；承认”；protect“保护”；accompany “陪伴”。根据句意选D。

　　5．With the number of cholera cases being confirmed at an increasing rate across the country, it's natural to feel ______ and even scared.

　　A．attracted　

　　B．amused

　　C．impressed　

　　D．alarmed

　　解析：选D　句意：随着患霍乱病例的比率不断增大在这个国家得到证实，人们感到惊慌甚至恐惧是很自然的。alarmed“惊慌的”，符合句意。

　　6．In the report, he made ________ comments on the design of the bridge and suggested adopting a new technics.

　　A．unfavourable

　　B．irregular　

　　C．unreasonable

　　D．illegal

　　解析：选A　句意：在报告中，他不赞成桥梁的设计，建议采取一种新工艺。unfavourable“不利的；反对的”，符合句意。

　　7．The ________of the situation from the board will decide where the company will be led in the future development.

　　A．enquiry

　　B．assessment

　　C．management

　　D．trend

　　解析：选B　句意：董事会对目前情形的评估(assessment)将决定公司未来的发展方向。enquiry“询问”；management“管理；管理人员；管理部门”； trend “趋势；倾向；走向”。

　　8．(2017·漳州模拟)—My parents died when I was very small, and I started to make a living by selling newspapers at the age of ten.

　　—I really have much ________ for you.

　　A．belief

　　B．pride

　　C．sympathy

　　D．strength

　　解析：选C　sympathy意为“同情；同情心”， have sympathy for意为“对……表示同情”。

　　9．The worse air quality in the country has strengthened the government's ________ to do something to address the problem.

　　A．ability

　　B．concern

　　C．resolve

　　D．desire

　　解析：选C　句意：这个国家更糟的空气质量增强了政府采取措施处理这个问题的决心。ability“能力”；concern“关心”；resolve“决心”；desire“欲望”。根据语境和搭配，正确选项应为C。

　　10.In our city, almost everyone is ________ bringing down the housing price because it is too high for them to buy one.

　　A．in honour of

　　B．in search of

　　C．in need of

　　D．in favour of

　　解析：选D　in honour of“纪念”；in search of“寻找”；in need of“需要”；in favour of“赞同；支持”。根据句意选D。

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．Mike's disappointment was shared by several players who were present, some of_whom_were_so_upset that they shouted at the judges.(upset)

　　在场的几个选手和迈克同样失望，他们中的几个是如此难过以至于对着裁判喊叫。

　　2．(2017·咸宁高三调研)Gradual warming of the earth's atmosphere is said to_be_caused by the increasing carbon dioxide in the air.(cause)

　　全球大气的逐渐变暖据说是由空气中二氧化碳增多引起的。

　　3．After long waiting the superstar showed up at the court, eventually .accompanied_by_his_manager.(accompany)

　　经过长时间的等待后，这位巨星终于在他的经纪人的陪同下出现在法庭上。

　　4．It is everybody's desire that every effort (should)_be_made_to

　　reduce the pollution in our city.(make)

　　每个人都希望能竭尽全力减少我们城市的污染。

　　5．Only when he thought of his lovely daughter did_he_feel a little relieved during the hard days.(feel)

　　在那艰苦的岁月里，只有想到他那可爱的女儿，他才感到些许欣慰。

　　6．“Leave_me_alone or I'll call the police！” the girl shouted.(leave)

　　“别烦我，否则我要报警！”那名女孩大声叫嚷。

　　7．It is these poisonous products that_can_cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headaches and aching muscles.(cause)

　　就是这些有毒的产品可以引起流感症状，例如头疼和肌肉酸疼。

　　8．Not only did_my_father_approve_of my going abroad, he also promised to support me financially.(approve)

　　我父亲不仅同意我出国，还保证在经济上支持我。

　　9．Tired_as_she_was,_there was no hope of her being able to sleep.(as)

　　尽管她很累，但能入睡却很渺茫。

　　10．There_was_no_point_(in) arguing with your teacher; you can learn the usage of the phrase in a dictionary.(point)

　　跟你的老师争论没有什么意义，你可以在词典上了解这个短语的用法。

　　Ⅲ.阅读理解

　　A

　　(2017·厦门质检)

　　There are records of fingerprints taken many centuries ago. The ancient Babylonians pressed the tips of their fingerprints into clay to record business trade. The Chinese used ink­on­paper finger impressions for business. However, fingerprinting wasn't used as a method for identifying criminals until the 19th century.

　　In 1858, Sir William Herschel was working as an official of the Hooghly district in Jungipoor, India. In order to reduce fraud (诈骗), he had people living in the district record their fingerprints when signing business documents. A few years later, Scottish doctor Henry Faulds was working in Japan when he discovered fingerprints left by artists on ancient pieces of clay. This finding inspired him to begin investigating fingerprints. In 1880, Faulds wrote to his cousin, the famous naturalist Charles Darwin, and asked for help with developing a fingerprint classification system. Darwin refused, but sent the letter to his cousin, Sir Francis Gallon, who was an eugenicist (优生学家). Gallon began collecting fingerprints and eventually gathered some 8,000 different samples to analyze. In 1892, he published a book called Fingerprints, in which he outlined a fingerprint classification system — the first existence.

　　Around the same time, Juan Vucetich, a police officer in Buenos Aires, Argentina, was developing his own version of a fingerprinting system. In 1892, Vucetich was called in to assist with the investigation of the two boys murdered in Necoche, a village near Buenos Aires. Their mother, Francisca Rojas, accused a neighbour named Velasquez. But when Vucetich compared the fingerprints found at the murder scene to those of both Velasquez and Rojas, they matched Rojas' exactly. She admitted her crime. This was the first time fingerprints had been used in a criminal investigation. Vucetich called his system comparative dactyloscopy (指纹鉴定法). It's still used in many Spanish­speaking countries.

　　Sir Edward Henry, in charge of the Metropolitan Police of London, soon became interested in using fingerprints to catch criminals. In 1896, he added to Gallon's technique, creating his own classification system, the Henry Classification System. It is the primary method of fingerprint classification throughout most of the world.

　　1．Herschel had people record their fingerprints so as to ________.

　　A．develop a fingerprinting system

　　B．prevent illegal business

　　C．put them on pieces of clay

　　D．collect and study fingerprints

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句可知，B项符合语境。

　　2．Who first came up with the idea of creating a fingerprint classification system?

　　A．Herschel.　 　B．Faulds.

　　C．Gallon.

　　D．Darwin.

　　解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后两句可知，C项符合语境。

　　3．We can learn from the text that ________.

　　A．Faulds collected many fingerprints while in Japan

　　B．Henry's classification system is based on Gallon's

　　C．Darwin showed great interest in studying fingerprints

　　D．Vucetich's fingerprinting system is still used all over the world

　　解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第二句可推知，B项符合语境。

　　4．What is the text mainly about?

　　A．Different uses of fingerprints.

　　B．The history of fingerprinting.

　　C．Countries that first used fingerprints.

　　D．The way to collect and analyze fingerprints.

　　解析：选B　主旨大意题。根据对文章的整体理解可知，本文主要讲的是指纹发展历史，尤其介绍了指纹鉴定法的演变史。故B项符合语境。

　　B

　　(2017·贵阳高三适应性检测)Much meaning can be conveyed clearly with our eyes, so it is often said that eyes can speak.

　　Do you have such kind of experience? In a bus you may look at a stranger, but not too long. And if he is sensing that he is being stared at, he may feel uncomfortable. It's the same in daily life. If you are looked at for more than necessary, you will look at yourself up and down, to see if there is anything wrong with you. If nothing goes wrong, you will feel angry toward others' stare at you that way. Eyes do speak, right?

　　Looking too long at someone may seem to be rude and aggressive. But things are different when it comes to stare at the opposite sex. If a man glances at a woman for more than 10 seconds and refuses to turn away his gaze,_his intentions are obvious, that is, he wishes to attract her attention, to make her understand that he is admiring her.

　　However, the normal eye contact for two people engaged in conversation is that the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener does pay attention to what the other is speaking, to tell him that he is attentive.

　　If a speaker looks at you continuously when speaking, as if he tries to dominate (支配) you, you will feel embarrassed. A poor liar (说谎者) usually exposes himself by looking too long at the victim, since he believes in the false idea that to look straight in the eye is a sign of honest communication. Quite the contrary.

　　In fact, continuous eye contact is confined (局限于) to lovers only, who will enjoy looking at each other tenderly for a long time, to show affection that words cannot express.

　　Evidently, eye contact should be done according to the relationship between two people and the specific situation.

　　5．What does the second paragraph suggest?

　　A．Looking at a stranger continuously is necessary.

　　B．Looking at a stranger continuously is not polite.

　　C．Something happens in our eyes.

　　D．Strangers should avoid eye contact.

　　解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“And if he is sensing that he is being stared at, he may feel uncomfortable.”可知，盯着别人看会让人不舒服，因此盯着陌生人看是不礼貌的行为，所以B项正确。根据第三段第一句“Looking too long at someone may seem to be rude and aggressive.”也可知正确答案。

　　6．The underlined word “gaze” in the third paragraph probably means “________”．

　　A．attraction

　　B．attention

　　C．head

　　D．eyes

　　解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据该句中的“glances at”以及“refuses to turn away ...”可知，该句句意为：如果一个男子看着一位女士超过十秒，并拒绝转移他的视线，那么他的意图就很明显了。由此可推知，gaze在此意为“视线，目光”。故D项正确。

　　7．Continuous eye contact is proper between ________.

　　A．lovers

　　B．strangers

　　C．victims

　　D．liars

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“In fact, continuous eye contact is confined (局限于) to lovers only ...”可知，持续的视线接触只适用于爱人之间。故A项正确。

　　8．What would be discussed in the following?

　　A．The importance of eye contact.

　　B．Eye contact should be continuous.

　　C．Enjoying yourself in conversation.

　　D．Eye contact in related occasions.

　　解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Evidently, eye contact should be done according to the relationship between two people and the specific situation.”可知，上文讲述了视线接触应根据两个人之间的关系进行。由此可推知，下文应该讲述视线接触的相关场合。故D项正确。

　　写作技能提升(五)　图画作文

　　[题目要求]

　　右面这幅漫画展现了人生的一个道理，请根据你对这幅漫画的理解用英语写一篇短文。

　　你的短文应包含以下内容：

　　1．描述图画内容，如图中人物的行为和心情等；

　　2．揭示图画所要表达的人生哲理；

　　3．结合自身实际，谈谈这一漫画给你的启示。

　　注意：词数不少于120。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。

　　Many people fail in life because they do not realize how close they are to success when they give up.

　　In this picture, we can see 　

　　1．审题

　　图画作文要审清题意，看懂图画所表达的意思，紧扣主题。审题时应做到三定：①定体裁；②定人称；③定时态。

　　如本篇为夹叙夹议文；在叙述时主要是第三人称，就图画议论时也是第三人称，表述自己观点时用第一人称；时态方面叙述时用一般现在时，议论时也用一般现在时。

　　2．谋篇

　　图画类作文以图画形式给出信息，所以需要抓住每幅画所传递的信息，将图画信息转化为文字要点。

　　如本文分成三个方面进行描述：首先叙述图画内容；然后介绍图画所反映的社会现象；最后陈述我们应该怎样去做。

　　[现场演练]

　　满分范文

　　Many people fail in life because they do not realize how close they are to success when they give up.

　　①In this picture, we can see a man is cutting earth in a tunnel, hoping to find some diamonds. ②He makes great efforts in his work. ③However, after a long time of pains without gains, he decides to give up. ④If he had had one or two more attempts of cutting, he would have seen those diamonds right in front of him.

　　满分缘由

　　1．结构布局

　　本文为三段式作文：

　　第一段介绍图画内容，这个人在快要挖到钻石的时候却放弃了，令人惋惜。

　　第二段主要介绍我们要自信，要坚持才能成功。

　　第三段作者从中悟出了坚持不懈努力的重要性，并决心坚持到底。

　　2．亮点词汇

　　pains, gains, attempt, give up, make great efforts, be confident in

　　⑤This story tells us a very simple but important piece of truth: we should be confident in what we have chosen to do and never stop our efforts until we succeed.

　　⑥As a student preparing for the entrance examinations, I should learn a lesson from the man. ⑦Just like the diamonds in the picture, success is just waiting for my last efforts. ⑧I have been cutting earth for so many years, so I will never give up before I succeed.

　　3．亮点句式

　　第①句中hoping ...为现在分词短语作伴随状语；

　　第④句包含与过去相反的虚拟语气；

　　第⑤句包含what引导的宾语从句作介词in的宾语，还包含until引导的时间状语从句；

　　第⑧句由so连接两个并列句，其中包含before引导的时间状语从句。

　　[句式改写]

　　1．用“感官动词＋复合宾语”改写句①

　　In_this_picture,_we_can_see_a_man_cutting_earth_in_a_tunnel,_hoping_to_find_some_diamonds._

　　2．用倒装句改写句④

　　Had_he_had_one_or_two_more_attempts_of_cutting,_he_would_have_seen_those_diamonds_right_in_front_of_him.

　　下面这幅照片展现了志愿者慈善义卖活动(Charity Bazaar)的情景。请根据你对照片的理解用英语写一篇短文。你的短文应该包括以下内容：

　　1．简述照片内容，如情景、人物、动作等等；

　　2．结合自身实际，谈谈你的感想；

　　3．举例说明你能为公益事业做点什么，并陈述原因。

　　注意：1.可参照图片下面的文字及文章开头所给提示，作必要的发挥想象。

　　2．词数不少于120。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。

　　[要求]

　　请用定语从句、名词性从句、不定式、分词、被动语态、it作形式主语、状语从句的省略、not just ... but also ...句式完成作文。

　　Volunteers in high schools help our society in many ways. They devote their time and effort to helping people in need.

　　参考范文：

　　Volunteers in high schools help our society in many ways. They devote their time and effort to helping people in need.

　　The picture above illustrates a common scene that can be seen in many campuses, where volunteers hold charity bazaars to collect money for the needed. They put their books, toys or even music players on desks for sale. These stalls can always attract large numbers of students, who buy the things not just out of love of the items, but also out of their loving hearts.

　　This picture reminds me of children in remote areas who cannot attend school because of poverty, and of senior citizens in nursing houses who need better care. It is everyone's responsibility to help make the world a better place to live in.

　　Like the volunteers in the picture, I also have a willing heart to help people. I have every hope to visit the house for orphans, to donate my money to those who are in need and most importantly, to help the people around me whenever necessary.