2017届全国高考英语阅读理解一轮训练（5）

　　辽宁省沈阳市2017阅读理解一轮训练（5）及答案

　　社会生活类

　　A study involving 8, 500 teenagers from all social backgrounds found that most of them are ignorant when it comes to money. The findings, the first in a series of reports from NatWest that has started a five-year research project into teenagers and money, are particularly worrying as this generation of young people is likely to be burdened with greater debts than any before.

　　University tuition fees(学费) are currently capped at ￡3, 000 annually, but this will be reviewed next year and the Government is under enormous pressure to raise the ceiling.

　　In the research, the teenagers were presented with the terms of four different loans but 76 per cent failed to identify the cheapest. The young people also predicted that they would be earning on average ￡31, 000 by the age of 25, although the average salary for those aged 22 to 29 is just ￡17, 815. The teenagers expected to be in debt when they finished university or training, although half said that they assumed the debts would be less than ￡10, 000. Average debts for graduates are ￡12, 363.

　　Stephen Moir, head of community investment at the Royal Bank of Scotland Group which owns NatWest, said, “The more exposed young people are to financial issues, and the younger they become aware of them, the more likely they are to become responsible, forward-planning adults who manage their finances confidently and effectively. “

　　Ministers are deeply concerned about the financial pressures on teenagers and young people because of student loans and rising housing costs. They have just introduced new lessons in how to manage debts. Nikki Fairweather, aged 15, from St Helens, said that she had benefited from lessons on personal finance, but admitted that she still had a lot to learn about money.

　　1. Which of the following can be found from the five-year research project?

　　A. Students understand personal finances differently.

　　B. University tuition fees in England have been rising.

　　C. Teenagers tend to overestimate their future earnings.

　　D. The students’ payback ability has become a major issue.

　　2. The phrase “to raise the ceiling” in paragraph 2 probably means “　”.　

　　A. to raise the student loans

　　B. to improve the school facilities

　　C. to increase the upper limit of the tuition

　　D. to lift the school building roofs

　　3. According to Stephen Moir, students　.　

　　A. are too young to be exposed to financial issues

　　B. should learn to manage their finances well

　　C. should maintain a positive attitude when facing loans

　　D. benefit a lot from lessons on personal finance

　　4. What can we learn from the passage?

　　A. Many British teenagers do not know money matters well.

　　B. Teenagers in Britain are heavily burdened with debts.

　　C. Financial planning is a required course at college.

　　D. Young people should become responsible adults.

　　【参考答案】48.1-4 CCBA　

　　【深圳市2017高考英语综合能力测试题（2）】D

　　For centuries, polar bears have enjoyed Arctic waters by themselves. But now, they are getting company in summer.

　　Last summer, China sent its first icebreaker, the Snow Dragon, over the top of Russia, from Shanghai t08lceland.

　　This summer, the Yong Sheng, a freighter（货船）operated by China's COSCO shipping company, became the first Chinese merchant ship to take the shortcut. It sailed from Shanghai to Rotterdam, cutting two weeks off the usual route, through Egypt's Suez Canal.

　　Satellite photos by the U.S. space agency, NASA, show that the white Arctic ice around the North Pole shrinks every summer. It is replaced by more and more open water, which appears black in the photos.

　　Even Russian President Vladimir Putin agrees with the American scientists.

　　"It is absolutely clear now that the climate is changing. Everyone is talking about this," he said in a forum held here recently. "It is clear now that the northern latitudes can be-y open for shipping for 100 days or perhaps 150 days, and that new regions are opening up for economic activity."

　　While Russia invests in more icebreakers, Arctic experts gathered at the forum say they see growing opportunities for trade. Felix Tschudi, chairman of a Norwegian shipping company, has shipped iron ore (铁矿) from northern Norway to China. "We believe that the potential of the Northern Sea Route is large," said Tschudi, a promoter of the route. "It will not be like an explosion. In 2010, there were four ships using the shortcut. In 2011, there were 34 ships. And in 2017 there were 46 ships. This year we expect around 50 ships."

　　Lawson Brigham is the captain of a United States Coast Guard icebreaker based in Alaska. "Really, we're looking at a seasonal supplement(补充)to the Suez Canal, carrying natural resources, " he said. "We're not going to change the equipment for the global container ship

　　traffic. "

　　41. What can we learn about polar bears from the first paragraph?

　　A. They will be lonely in summer.

　　B. They will get together in summer.

　　C. They will get up a company in summer.

　　D. They will see human beings m summer.

　　42. The underlined word "shrinks" in Paragraph 4 is closed in meaning to "_______".

　　A. changes

　　B. increases

　　C. reduces

　　D. pollutes

　　43. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to Felix Tschudi?

　　A. More and more ships will use the transit route.

　　B. The ships using the transit route will increase rapidly.

　　C. The Northern Sea Route can bear the trans- Arctic trading ships.

　　D. About 4 more ships are expected to use the Northern Sea Route.

　　44. How many countries are mentioned in this passage?

　　A. Three.

　　B. Four.

　　C. Five.

　　D. Six.

　　45. What can we learn from the passage?

　　A. The Yong Sheng took the shortcut through the Suez Canal to the Arctic this summer.

　　B. The Snow Dragon from China was the first icebreaker to the Arctic this summer.

　　C. Vladimir Putin agreed that shipping through the Arctic has changed the climate there.

　　D. Lawson Brigham believed that the global container ship traffic would be replaced.

　　【参考答案】41-45

　　DCBDA

　　曾经寂寞的北极，如今变得热闹起来了，尤其是在夏天。一方面专家担心大量的贸易船只来往会影响北极气候；而另一方面一些提倡穿过北极新航线的专家则认为北极不会受太大影响。

　　41. D。细节理解题。根据第一段中But now, they are getting company in summer.可知答案。

　　42. C。词义猜测题。根据后面一句It is replaced by more and more open water,...可知答案。

　　43. B。推理判断题。根据第七段中Felix Tschudi所说的“It will not be like an explosion.”可以得知船只增加的速度并不会太快。

　　44. D。细节理解题。根据上下文语境可知，文章中提到了China, Russia, Iceland, Egypt, Norway和the United States六个国家。

　　45. A。细节理解题。根据第三段可知the Yong Sheng是第一艘通过the Suez Canal走捷径到达北冰洋的货船。

　　社会生活类

　　George Prochnik would like the worldto put a sock in it. He makes his case in a new book,Listening for Meaning in a World of Noise. Here he explains himself(using his indoor voice):

　　“We’ve become so accustomed to noise,there’s almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial. If you tell someone to be quiet,you sound like an old man. But it’s never been more important to find continuing quiet. Silence focuses us,improves our health,and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.

　　We need to excite people about the sounds you start to hear if you merely quiet things down a little. During a Japanese tea ceremony,the smallest sounds become a kind of art—the spoons making a light ringing sound on a bowl,the edges of a kimono(和服)brushing against the floor.

　　Deaf people are very attentive(专注的) in almost every aspect of life. If two deaf people are walking together,using sign language,they constantly watch out for each other and protect each other by paying steady attention to the other. They are connected yet also fully aware of their surroundings. Even deaf teenagers!We in the hearing world can learn from them. If we remove the powerful blasts(一阵阵) of noise,we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around us—of little soft sounds and the sound of footsteps,of bird songs and ice cracking(开裂声). It’s astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen.”

　　1. What does the phrase “to put a sock in it” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

　　A. to be quietB. to be colorfulC. to be full of loveD. to be attentive to someone

　　2. What does Prochnik say about us?

　　A. We are used to quietness.

　　B. We have to put up with noise.

　　C. We do not think silence to be beneficial.

　　D. We do not believe lasting peace to be available.

　　3. Which of the following is true according to Prochnik?

　　A. We need more sounds in our lives.

　　B. There is nothing to be learned from the deaf.

　　C. We are not aware how rich the world around us is.

　　D. There is too much noise at a Japanese tea ceremony.

　　4. It can be inferred from the text that　.　

　　A. we can benefit a lot from old people

　　B. it is a good idea to use sign language

　　C. there is no escape from the world of sound

　　D. it is possible to find how beautiful things sound

　　【参考答案】77.1-4 ACCD　

　　社会生活类

　　Celebrity(名人) has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public tends to base its consumption(消费) on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost abandoned the practice of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous faces. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others’ products to developing their own.

　　Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a completely new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and limited to a few TV actresses. Today they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top brands. The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, covering almost all the products of daily life.

　　However, for every success story, there’s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. No matter how famous the product’s origin is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the initial(最初的) attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty(忠诚) returning to tried-and-true labels.

　　Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep threatens to reduce a celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. Still, the ego’s (自我的) potential for expansion is limitless. Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to the conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as designers might last only a short time, but fashion—like celebrity—has always been temporary.

　　1. Fashion magazines today　.　

　　A. seldom put models on the cover

　　B. no longer put models on the cover

　　C. need not worry about celebrities’ market potential

　　D. judge the market potential of every celebrity correctly

　　2. A change in the consumer market can be found today that　.　

　　A. price rather than brand name is more concerned

　　B. producers prefer models to celebrities for advertisements

　　C. producers prefer TV actresses to film stars for advertisements

　　D. quality rather than the outside of products is more concerned

　　3. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 indicates that any wrong step will possibly　.　

　　A. decrease the popularity of a celebrity and the sales of his products

　　B. damage the image of a celebrity in the eyes of the general public

　　C. cut short the artistic career of a celebrity in show business

　　D. influence the price of a celebrity’s products

　　4. The passage is mainly about　.　

　　A. celebrity and personal style

　　B. celebrity and market potential

　　C. celebrity and fashion design

　　D. celebrity and clothing industry

　　【参考答案】49.1-4 ADAB